The stigma of being gay or labeled as such has steadily eroded since the Stonewall riots began the modern American gay rights movement in 1969.

As the idea of an implied warranty of habitability began to find purchase, however, issues like the stigma attached to a property based on acts, " haunting ", or criminal activity began to make their way into legal precedents.

It was considered an uncultured accent until the mid-20th century when this stigma gradually began to fade.

In the fall of 2010, The Positive Justice Project, a campaign of the Center for HIV Law and Policy, was launched to combat HIV-related stigma and discrimination against people with HIV by the United States criminal justice system.

During flowering, pollen from the anthers can fall onto the stigma.

David Ownby noted that alongside these tactics, the " cult " label applied to Falun Gong by the Chinese authorities never entirely went away in the minds of some Westerners, and the stigma still plays a role in wary public perceptions of Falun Gong.

In an effort to prove himself to his superiors and further distance himself from the stigma of his brother's criminal past, Kit becomes obsessed with bringing down Shing's criminal group, despite Ho's warnings to stay away from the dangerous case.

The programme allowed them to give birth anonymously away from home without social stigma.

The remaining two factors stress employers ’ reluctance to divert away from the negative stigma of city people and in particular minorities when hiring.

This contributed to the fact Cubans moving away from the Catholic Church and therefore divorce was no longer a social stigma as it had been in the past.

This keeps them away from the stigma, avoiding self-pollination.

One way to avoid the stigma of an " ism " was to evolve early anti-nuclear groups into the more scientific Green Parties, sprout new NGOs such as Greenpeace and Earth Action, and devoted groups to protecting global biodiversity and preventing global warming and climate change.

The USSR came to bear the brunt of the carnage of Hitler's war machine and the Communist Party in Australia lost its early war stigma as a result.

The age-old social stigma associated with the advanced form of leprosy lingers in many areas, and remains a major obstacle to self-reporting and early treatment.

Pollen is shed on the style while still in the bud, and in the species and early hybrids some is also found on the stigma because of the high position of the anther, which means that they are self-pollinating.

" As Burke had struggled from an early age with " his attraction to secular music on the one hand and his allegiance to the church on the other ," when he was signed to Atlantic Records he " refused to be classified as a rhythm-and-blues singer " due to a perceived " stigma of profanity " by the church, and R & B's reputation as " the devil's music.

After several early years of stigma associating finless riding with bad style, several prominent wakeskaters who prefer to ride finless have emerged over the last few years giving legitimacy to the argument that fins are a personal preference and not totally necessary.

Despite his early legal troubles, and the seemingly fatal stigma of being falsely labeled a pedophile, Sotos continues to garner support for his ideas and literary output.

The USSR came to bear the brunt of the carnage of Hitler's war machine and the Communist Party in Australia lost its early war stigma as a result.

According to some scholars, early Buddhism appears to have placed no special stigma on homosexual relations, since the subject was not mentioned.

But in the book Skinflicks: The Inside Story of the X-Rated Video Industry ( 2000 ), writer and porn producer David Jennings, describing the stigma and rumors surrounding AIDS in the porn community in the late 1980s and early 1990s, wrote, " Reputed to be dead of AIDS, Lisa DeLeeuw and Brandy Alexandre, now out of the industry, proclaimed themselves alive and healthy.

By the 1970s Tucker had established himself as a formidable film editor, finally escaping the stigma of his early directorial work.

The overall goal is to improve early access to services and programs, to reduce stigma, and discrimination experienced by individuals with mental illness.

This grassroots tactic was partly born in the mid-1990s from the larger monopolistic record distributors trying to shut out rap and smaller music labels of the day from radio and mass distribution due to the early stigma of " gangsta rap " and " punk " on those genres as a whole.

By the early 1970s Rock shed its social stigma and was no longer considered a " gang " dance.

To counter the stigma of hair color and create a wholesome, sentimental image for Clairol, early print ads — some of which were shot by fashion photographers Richard Avedon and Irving Penn — featured girl-next-door models accompanied by children with hair the same color.

In aroids with perfect flowers, the stigma is no longer receptive when the pollen is released, thus preventing self-fertilization.

While an arrest will not necessarily lead to a criminal conviction, it may nonetheless in some jurisdictions have serious ramifications such as absence from work, social stigma, and in some cases, the legal obligation to disclose an arrest when a person applies for a job, a loan or a professional license.

She avoided the stigma that normally attached to being a " Fifth Amendment Communist " when Rauh immediately released to the press a statement she had earlier sent to the HUAC about her testimony, " written not to persuade the Committee ," writes one historian, " but to shape press coverage.

Self-pollination is a form of pollination that can occur when a flower has both stamen and a carpel ( pistil ) in which the cultivar or species is self fertile and the stamens and the sticky stigma of the carpel contact each other in order to accomplish pollination.

Typically, the stigma is no longer receptive when pollen is released which prevents self-fertilization.

The pollinator then has a pollinium attached to its body, which it transfers to the stigma of another flower when if it attempts another ' copulation '.

So when an insect in search of nectar inserts its proboscis into a long-style flower, the pollen from the stamens stick to the proboscis in exactly the part that will later touch the stigma of the short-styled flower, and vice versa.

An unfortunate history of Arab civilizations, European empires, and possibly even Phoenician / Carthaginian and Roman peoples, subtly attaching great stigma and dehumanization to such terms when describing those ( Africans ) whom, at that time, they considered to be sub-human has thus made such terms to be a source of offense for some.

" In Mark A. Runco and Ruth Richards ' book Eminent Creativity, Everyday Creativity, and Health, they argue that creative people face psychic costs when they are thinking up new ideas, because the mental process drains them emotionally, and because there is a social stigma associated with being different, and being an artist.

Parents have refrained from teaching their children their own language in order not to subject them to the social stigma of speaking an Indian language – and youths have learned their languages only when they came of age and started taking part in the adult society.

However the quality was low, and when such prefabricated housing was left in use for longer than its designed life, it acquired a certain stigma ..

In plants with SI, when a pollen grain produced in a plant reaches a stigma of the same plant or another plant with a similar genotype, the process of pollen germination, pollen tube growth, ovule fertilization, and embryo development is halted at one of its stages, and consequently no seeds are produced.

The strength of a CSI response can be defined, as the ratio of crossed to selfed ovules, formed when equal amounts of cross and self pollen, are placed upon the stigma ; in the taxa described up to this day, this ratio ranges between 3. 2 and 11. 5.

He wrote: " When normals and stigmatized do in fact enter one another's immediate presence, especially when they attempt to maintain a joint conversational encounter, there occurs one of the primal scenes of sociology ; for, in many cases, these moments will be the ones when the causes and effects of stigma will be directly confronted by both sides .... " What are unthinking routines for normals can become management problems for the discreditable .... The person with a secret failing, then, must be alive to the social situation as a scanner of possibilities, and is therefore likely to be alienated from the simpler world in which those around them apparently dwell.

In 1991, when the boycott of South Africa officially ended, he arranged a tour of the South African cricket team in India that went a long way in helping them shed the stigma of apartheid.

In this manner, Baloo broke the barrier against members of his caste acting as leaders, at a time when Mahatma Gandhi was just beginning his campaign against the stigma of Untouchability.

* Public stigma: when the stigma is known to a wide selection of the population and any reasonable person can be expected to know of it.

Bruce Link and Jo Phelan propose that stigma exists when four specific components converge:

" Subsequently, in this model the term stigma is applied when labeling, stereotyping, disconnection, status loss, and discrimination all exist within a power situation that facilitates stigma to occur.