The instrument is shown in Fig. 1 and consists essentially of a hard, sharp, tungsten carbide knife which is pushed along the substrate to remove the coating.

Wet chemical etching consists in selective removal of material by dipping a substrate into a solution that dissolves it.

In the less common depletion mode MOSFET, described further later on, the channel consists of carriers in a surface impurity layer of opposite type to the substrate, and conductivity is decreased by application of a field that depletes carriers from this surface layer.

It is thought that the surface of Triton probably consists of a translucent layer of frozen nitrogen overlying a darker substrate, which creates a kind of " solid greenhouse effect ".

The bottom substrate predominantly consists of silt or muck.

Historically, a DPF consists of a Cordierite or Silicon Carbide substrate with a geometry that forces the exhaust flow through the substrate walls, leaving behind trapped soot particles.

The catalytic domain of PRMTs consists of a SAM binding domain and substrate binding domain ( about 310 amino acids in total ).

Waste-transporters take the waste, which consists of used substrate and discarded fungus, to the waste heap.

This language consists of a substrate of some natural language ( for example English ) using technical terms and grammatical conventions that are peculiar to mathematical discourse ( see Mathematical jargon ), supplemented by a highly specialized symbolic notation for mathematical formulas.

# The informational substrate consists of network nodes that can simulate random network models and Feynman path integrals.

The colour pattern consists of a yellowish, pale grey, pinkish, reddish or pale brown ground colour that almost always matches the substrate colour where the animal is found.

The single substrate display structure consists of several stacked porous layers printed on top of each other on a substrate modified with a transparent conductor ( such as ITO or PEDOT: PSS ).

The modified web that the larva causes the spider to build consists of several heavily reinforced radial lines that are attached directly to the substrate ; sometimes one or more frame lines or vestiges of a " temporary " spiral are also included.

Bajan, like many other English-based Caribbean creole languages, consists of a West African substrate and an English superstrate.

The small domain consists of residues 15-47 and 326-410 and represents a flexible region that shifts the enzyme from an " open " to a " closed " conformation upon substrate binding.

The primary method for creating rigidity gradients for cells ( e. g., in biomaterials ) consists of altering the degree of cross-linking in polymers to adjust substrate stiffness.

The biosynthesis process often consists of several enzymatic steps in which the product of one step is used as substrate in the following step.

The landing zone consists of a controlled array of nanometer-level ' bumps ' on the disk surface produced during manufacturing of the disk using a local substrate melting process employing suitable laser-based equipment.

This means that the net reaction consists of two reactants and two products ( see reaction above ), and it proceeds by the following mechanism: the enzyme reacts with one substrate to generate one product and a modified enzyme, which goes on to react with the second substrate to make the second product while regenerating the original enzyme.

One of these prodrugs termed G202 consists of an analog of the highly toxic natural product thapsigargin coupled to a peptide recognized as a substrate by the protease Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen.

A plant of C. racemosa consists of a number of branches linked to stolons which are anchored to the sandy substrate by rhizoids.

The seine nets will be mostly used for sampling after spawning when the young are living in the benthic substrate.

Before the development of silicon power rectifier diodes, cuprous oxide and later selenium was used ; its low efficiency gave it a much higher forward voltage drop ( typically 1. 4 to 1. 7 V per " cell ", with multiple cells stacked to increase the peak inverse voltage rating in high voltage rectifiers ), and required a large heat sink ( often an extension of the diode ’ s metal substrate ), much larger than a silicon diode of the same current ratings would require.

Platings usually fail only in small sections, and if the plating is more noble than the substrate ( for example, chromium on steel ), a galvanic couple will cause any exposed area to corrode much more rapidly than an unplated surface would.

As they are formed from volcanic rock, the substrate is much harder than the surrounding sedimentary deep sea floor.

If the substrate under nucleophilic attack is chiral, this can lead, although not necessarily, to an inversion of stereochemistry called a Walden inversion ( the nucleophile attacks the electrophilic carbon center, inverting the tetrahedron, much like an umbrella turning inside out in the wind ).

Under certain assumptions – such as the enzyme concentration being much less than the substrate concentration – the rate of product formation is given by

In flash vacuum thermolysis or FVT, the residence time of the substrate at the working temperature is limited as much as possible, again in order to minimize secondary reactions.

From a carpet of moss-like gametophytes, the larger Rhynia sporophytes grew much like simple clubmosses, spreading by means of horizontal growing stems growing rhizoids that anchored the plant to the substrate.

These loaches spend much of their time buried in the substrate, leaving only their eyes uncovered.

Manufacturing issues include control of the amount and uniformity of the deposition's resistivity and thickness, the cleanliness and purity of the surface and the chamber atmosphere, the prevention of the typically much more highly doped substrate wafer's diffusion of dopant to the new layers, imperfections of the growth process, and protecting the surfaces during the manufacture and handling.

It is important to note that the conserved area of the propeller of Cdh1 is much larger than that of Cdc20, allowing Cdh1 to have a broader substrate specificity, consistent with the fact that APC / C < sup > Cdh1 </ sup > also activates APC-mediated destruction of KEN box containing substrates.

Today, the river channel has contracted and the substrate has a heavy cover of sediment, overlaying much of the cobble stone riverbed.

It forms a gelatinous substance that allows it to be easily transferred from one fermenting substrate to the next, much like kefir grains, kombucha, and tibicos.

As both ethanol and methanol are metabolised by alcohol dehydrogenase-and ethanol is a much better substrate for this enzyme-drinking more of the former then effectively prevents ( or delays ) the metabolism of the latter.

However, for a quartz substrate such as a photomask, the embedded electrons will take a much longer time to move to ground.

Not much is known about the neurobiology of depersonalization disorder ; however, there is converging evidence that the prefrontal cortex may inhibit neural circuits that normally form the substrate of emotional experience.

These two properties can result in films with a much more durable bond to the substrate.

If the gate material is polysilicon of opposite type to the bulk semiconductor, then a spontaneous depletion region forms if the gate is electrically shorted to the substrate, in much the same manner as described for the pn-junction above.

These assays are very general, since many reactions involve some change in heat and with use of a microcalorimeter, not much enzyme or substrate is required.

At the saturation point, the reaction will not speed up, no matter how much additional substrate is added.