Also, the inventor of the ping program, Mike Muuss, states on his website that traceroute was written using kernel ICMP support that he had earlier coded to enable raw ICMP sockets when he first wrote the ping program.

* The original use of the rDNS: network troubleshooting via tools such as traceroute, ping, and the " Received :" trace header field for SMTP e-mail, web sites tracking users ( especially on Internet forums ), etc.

ICMP differs from transport protocols such as TCP and UDP in that it is not typically used to exchange data between systems, nor is it regularly employed by end-user network applications ( with the exception of some diagnostic tools like ping and traceroute ).

The tracert ( traceroute ), Pathping commands are implemented by transmitting UDP datagrams with specially set IP TTL header fields, and looking for ICMP Time to live exceeded in transit ( above ) and " Destination unreachable " messages generated in response.

On Unix-like operating systems, the traceroute utility by default uses User Datagram Protocol ( UDP ) datagrams with destination port numbers from 33434 to 33534.

The traceroute utility usually has an option to specify use of ICMP echo request ( type 8 ) instead, as used by the Windows tracert utility.

* BGP4. net Traceroute Wiki: hundreds of traceroute servers, sorted by Autonomous System Number

Networking tools libpcap, tcpdump, and traceroute were developed by the Network Engineering Group staff at the Laboratory.

* By comparing the sequence of network hops reported by a tool such as traceroute for a proxied protocol such as http ( port 80 ) with that for a non proxied protocol such as SMTP ( port 25 ).

For instance, the three brothers Faloutsos believed that the Internet had a power law degree distribution on the basis of traceroute data ; however, it has been suggested that this is a layer 3 illusion created by routers, which appear as high-degree nodes while concealing the internal layer 2 structure of the ASes they interconnect.

traceroute outputs the list of traversed routers in simple text format, together with timing information

PathPing is a utility introduced with Windows NT that combines ping and traceroute functionality.

The implementations of traceroute shipped with Linux, FreeBSD, NetBSD, OpenBSD, DragonFly BSD, and Mac OS X include an option to use ICMP Echo packets (- I ) or any arbitrary protocol (- P ) such as UDP, TCP, ICMP.

* PathPing-a network utility supplied in Windows NT and beyond that combines the functionality of ping with that of traceroute ( or tracert ).

Current testing and measurement of IP networks is more commonly done with ping and traceroute, which are more robust adaptations of the echo protocol ( RFC 862 ), which predated the attempt at QOTD standardization.

For end-users the use of MPLS is not visible directly, but can be assumed when doing a traceroute: only nodes that do full ip routing are shown as hops in the path, thus not the MPLS nodes used in between, therefore when you see that a packet hops between two very distant nodes and hardly any other ' hop ' is seen in that providers network ( or AS ) it is very likely that that network uses MPLS.

On the Apple Mac OS, traceroute is available through opening ' Network Utilities ' then selecting ' Traceroute ' tab, or typing the " traceroute " command in the terminal.

There are also traceroute implementations that use TCP packets, such as tcptraceroute or layer four traceroute.

MTR is an enhanced version of ICMP traceroute which is available for Unix-like and Windows systems.

All implementations of traceroute rely on ICMP ( type 11 ) packets being sent to the originator.

* MTR ( software )-computer software which combines the functionality of the traceroute and ping programs in a single network diagnostic tool.

* traceroute. org: monthly updated list of online traceroutes

One notable exception to the use of the loopback network addresses ( 127 / 8 ) is their use in Multiprotocol Label Switching ( MPLS ) traceroute error detection techniques ( RFC 4379 ) in which their property of not being routable provides a convenient means to avoid delivery of faulty packets to end users.

One notable exception to the use of the < tt > 127 / 8 </ tt > network addresses is their use in Multiprotocol Label Switching ( MPLS ) traceroute error detection techniques ( RFC 4379 ) in which their property of not being routable provides a convenient means to avoid delivery of faulty packets to end users.

The game also shipped with a full color cardstock box, and 31 page instruction manual printed in both English and French.

* dm ( for Dungeon Master ), a program included in some versions of BSD Unix and operating systems derived from it, which could be used to restrict the playing of games on a computer to certain times of the day ( dm manual page from 4. 4BSD )

The language of the DSM was described as " simultaneously precise and vague " in order to provide an aura of scientific objectivity yet not limit psychiatrists in a semantic or financial sense, and the manual itself compared to " a militia's Web page, insofar as it constitutes an alternative reality under siege " by critics.

< cite > Quake ( game manual )</ cite >, page 3.

* Original Unix sed ( 1 ) manual page

* TRACERT manual page on Microsoft Technet for Windows XP

A historical example of graphical user interface and applications common to the MIT X Consortium's distribution running under the twm window manager: Xterm | X Terminal, Xbiff, xload and a graphical man page | manual page browser

The front page of the Quikscript manual.

* Quikscript page ( which also includes the PDF of the original manual ) at Omniglot. com

* manual page for maildir

* qmail mbox manual page

On the very first page of the manual, it cautions, " The first time you go out on the track, you WILL spin and crash.

A man page ( short for manual page ) is online software documentation, serving as content for the man system, for an entity typically encountered in Unix or a Unix-like operating system.

To read a manual page for a Unix command, one can use

The same page name may appear in more than one section of the manual, as when the names of system calls, user commands, or macro packages coincide.

At the time, the availability of online documentation through the manual page system was regarded as a great advance.

Attesting to the sheer size of this shell is the famous first sentence of the shell's manual page, which reads " Because zsh contains many features, the zsh manual has been split into a number of sections ", and then goes on to list seventeen items.

For instance, on page 10 of the manual is the word d i m ' dim '; however, in the Gregg system the spelling would actually mean n u k or ' nook '.

For example, in the Cocoa development environment, the Objective-C library classes have " NS " prefixes, and the HISTORY section of the manual page for the command in OS X straightforwardly states that the command " First appeared in NeXTStep.

* 90th Reference manual page including FM 23-7 Carbine, 1942 manual