The use of the adjectival form Pius as a cognomen reflects its importance as an identifying trait.

A number of genetic disorders are caused when an individual inherits two recessive alleles for a single-gene trait.

In humans, eye color is an example of an inherited characteristic: an individual might inherit the " brown-eye trait " from one of the parents.

The trait of the genre of horror is that it provokes a response, emotional, psychological or physical within each individual that causes someone to react with fear.

However, later work by biologists and statisticians such as R. A. Fisher showed that if multiple Mendelian factors were involved in the expression of an individual trait, they could produce the diverse results observed.

However, while sprung rhythm allows for an indeterminate number of syllables to a foot, Hopkins was very careful to keep the number of feet he had per line consistent across each individual work, a trait that free verse does not share.

It does not refer to the degree to which a trait of a particular individual is due to environmental or genetic factors.

Perseverance involves the ability to seek a goal in spite of obstacles and has been shown in human and animal studies to be a lasting trait with individual differences.

Under natural selection, a gene encoding a trait that enhances the fitness of each individual carrying it should increase in frequency within the population ; and conversely, a gene that lowers the individual fitness of its carriers should be eliminated.

" Kin group selection " should not be confused with the concept of " group selection ": a theory that a genetic trait can become prevalent within a group because it benefits the group as a whole, regardless of any benefit to individual organisms.

The workers of some species are sterile, a trait that would not occur if individual selection was the only process at work.

Depending upon the grouping of these genes for a particular trait, determines whether or not an individual will inherit a certain disease.

Each type is said to be an illustration of an individual who represents a group, characterized by his most prominent trait.

This idea that leadership is based on individual attributes is known as the " trait theory of leadership ".

Subsequently, leadership was no longer characterized as an enduring individual trait, as situational approaches ( see alternative leadership theories below ) posited that individuals can be effective in certain situations, but not others.

Considering the criticisms of the trait theory outlined above, several researchers have begun to adopt a different perspective of leader individual differences — the leader attribute pattern approach.

Dynamic buffer levels allow the company to adapt buffers to group and individual part trait changes over time through the use of several types of adjustments.

If an allele is highly penetrant, then the trait it produces will almost always be apparent in an individual carrying the allele.

During the interval between the acceptance of evolution and the rise of modern understanding of genetics, atavism was used to account for the reappearance in an individual of a trait after several generations of absence.

Group nesting is one such trait which reduces the risk of individual predation by increasing the number of alert parents.

Scarring is an individual trait, so it is difficult for a surgeon to predict how much a person might be predisposed to scarring.

A 1996 study of anxiety-related traits ( shyness being one of these ) remarked that, " Although twin studies have indicated that individual variation in measures of anxiety-related personality traits is 40-60 % heritable, none of the relevant genes has yet been identified ," and that " 10 to 15 genes might be predicted to be involved " in the anxiety trait.

Thus, heritable factors appear to predispose an individual to develop sleepwalking, but expression of the trait may be also influenced by environmental factors.

This is a stable trait in this disease – one experiment found that over a two year period, an individual ’ s rate of source attributing errors was maintained, despite fluctuations in medication status and the individual ’ s symptoms.

However, some people tan more easily than others, due to differences in their genotype: a striking example is people with the inherited trait of albinism, who do not tan at all and are very sensitive to sunburn.

This is not the same as asking how much genetics influences height in any one person. The heritability of a trait within a population is the proportion of observable differences in a trait between individuals within a population that is due to genetic differences.

In populations with varying values of a trait ( e. g. see the image on the left ), variance could be due to environment ( hair dye for instance ) or genetic differences, and heritability could vary from 0-100 %.

According to Wagstaff ( 1991 ), attempts to isolate a global trait of " suggestibility " have not been successful, due to an inability of the available testing procedures to distinguish measurable differences between the following distinct types of " suggestibility ":

Other significant trait differences in Drosophyllum include pollen structure, trichome anatomy, and a woody stem with a deep taproot.

In a 1999 study by Gabriel and Gardner, five separate experiments were conducted to demonstrate gender differences in self-concept: a 20 Statement Test evaluating self-construal (" I am ..." statements ), a series of surveys evaluating trait identification, an exercise evaluating selective memory for emotional events, a diary reading paradigm evaluating selective memory, and a survey concerning a situational dilemma evaluating behavioral intention and desire to behave.

Temporal differences in trait self-ascription: When the self is seen as an other.

The study of gratitude within psychology has focused on the understanding of the short term experience of the emotion of gratitude ( state gratitude ), individual differences in how frequently people feel gratitude ( trait gratitude ), and the relationship between these two aspects.

It is a system by which society ranks categories of people in a hierarchy Social stratification is based on four basic principles: ( 1 ) Social stratification is a trait of society, not simply a reflection of individual differences ; ( 2 ) Social stratification carries over from generation to generation ; ( 3 ) Social stratification is universal but variable ; ( 4 ) Social stratification involves not just inequality but beliefs as well.

Studying quantitative traits in heritability studies may be complicated by sex differences observed for the trait.

A personality trait directly linked to emotion and empathy where gender differences exist ( see below ) is Machiavellianism.

The AFLP technology has been used in criminal and paternity tests, also to determine slight differences within populations, and in linkage studies to generate maps for quantitative trait locus ( QTL ) analysis.

# Pre-existing ( background ) genetic variation in other genes results in phenotypic differences in expression of the new trait.

# These phenotypic differences undergo selection ; as genotypic differences narrow, the trait becomes:

Jensen claimed, on the basis of his research, that general cognitive ability is essentially an inherited trait, determined predominantly by genetic factors rather than by environmental conditions.

Regardless of the job, three determinants stand out as predictors of performance: ( 1 ) general mental ability ( especially for jobs higher in complexity ); ( 2 ) job experience ( although there is a law of diminishing returns ); and ( 3 ) the personality trait of conscientiousness ( people who are dependable and achievement-oriented, who plan well ).

Conditions like sickle-cell anemia may have low fitness in the general human population, but because the sickle-cell trait confers immunity from malaria, it has high fitness value in populations that have high malaria infection rates.

Nomothetic psychology seeks general laws that can be applied to many different people, such as the principle of self-actualization, or the trait of extraversion.

For example, to establish the validity of the proposition that IQ is supported by a general intelligence factor ( g factor ), the answers to several tests of cognitive ability must positively correlate ; thus, for the g factor to be a heritable trait, the IQ-test scores of close-relation respondents must correlate more than the IQ-test scores of distant-relation respondents.

Kensington is, in general, an extremely affluent area, a trait that it now shares with its neighbour to the south, Chelsea.

The trait EI model is general and subsumes the Goleman and Bar-On models discussed above.

Several researchers and beekeepers describe a general trait of the African subspecies Apis mellifera scutellata, classified by Lepeletier, 1836-( African honey bee ) Central and West Africa, which is absconding, where the Africanized honeybee colonies abscond the hive in times when food-stores are low, unlike the European colonies which tend to die in the hive.

Evidence from one study supports 5 independent genetic mechanisms underlying the Ryff facets of this trait, leading to a genetic construct of eudaimonia in terms of general self-control, and four subsidiary biological mechanisms enabling the psychological capabilities of purpose, agency, growth, and positive social relations

Presumably, she was able to pass the precursor gene on via Leto's breeding program, leading eventually to Siona's complete invisibility to prescient vision and her ability to pass that genetic trait on to her offspring and spread it into the general population.

In general, researchers have until now been keen to pin down a singular definition of empathy which would allow them to design a measure to assess its presence in an exchange, in someone's repertoire of behaviours or within them as a latent trait.

The demolition of historic buildings, especially churches, to make place for the new communist structures is thus a general trait communist urbanism.

Some distinctive features of Catalan among Romance languages include the general lack of masculine markers ( like Italian-o ), a trait shared with French and Occitan ); and the fact that the preterite tense of verbs is usually formed with a periphrasis consisting of the verb " to go " plus infinitive.

Sometimes humorous, anecdotes are not jokes, because their primary purpose is not simply to evoke laughter, but to reveal a truth more general than the brief tale itself, or to delineate a character trait in such a light that it strikes in a flash of insight to its very essence.

It is used to describe both the character trait of modesty and humility, as well as a group of Jewish religious laws pertaining to conduct in general and especially between the sexes.

For example, for the trait of dominance the student was first asked “ In general, how dominant are you ?” and then “ How much do you vary from one situation to another in how dominant you are ?” Kammer's results strongly supported his hypothesis.

In a more general sense, the term hallmark can also be used to refer to any distinguishing characteristic or trait.

In general, conscientiousness has a positive relationship with subjective well-being, particularly satisfaction with life, so highly conscientious people tend to be happier with their lives than those who are low in this trait.

Claridge named his concept schizotypy and by examining unusual experiences in the general population and the clustering of symptoms in diagnosed schizophrenia, Claridge's work suggested that this personality trait was much more complex, and could break down into four factors.

Skin color was a general physical trait that was typically used in " ethnic " identification.

The characteristic trait of the caterpillars is a sclerotised area encircling the base of seta SD1 on the mesothorax, while the adult females have – like the males of Pyralidae in general do – a frenulum consisting of a single bristle which in turn is composed of multiple acanthae.

In scientific disciplines, a toy problem is a problem that is not of immediate scientific interest, yet is used as an expository device to illustrate a trait that may be shared by other, more complicated, instances of the problem, or as a way to explain a particular, more general, problem solving technique.

If and only if a trait fulfills the following criteria will evolutionary biologists in general declare the trait an adaptation: