When the trial of Ettor, Giovannitti, and an unnamed co-defendant accused of firing the shot that killed the picketer, began in September 1912 in Salem, Massachusetts before Judge Joseph F. Quinn, the three defendants were kept in metal cages in the courtroom.

Ettor and Giovannitti both delivered closing statements at the end of the two-month trial.

J. J. Ettor ( center ), flanked by Joseph Caruso and Arturo Giovannitti, his co-defendants in the 1912 Lawrence trial.

Ettor is best remembered as a defendant in a controversial trial related to a killing in the seminal Lawrence textile strike of 1912, in which he was acquitted of charges of having been an accessory.

The trial of Giovannitti, Ettor, and Caruso was the cause of much agitation in the fall of 1912.

Giovannitti and Ettor both delivered closing statements at the end of the two-month trial.

Arturo Giovannitti at the time of his September 1912 trial.

In the wake of the trial, Giovannitti published his first book of poems, " Arrows in the Gale ," in 1914.

As a co-defendant in the first mass-murder trial held since the abolition of the death penalty, retribution was a common theme amongst those who sought to keep Hindley locked away.

On October 3, 2010 court proceedings for the trial of Golan and a co-defendant concluded.

" Clinton Fields, Robinson's co-defendant, testified at trial that Robinson abducted St. George at gunpoint and had planned to kill her.

In 1951 he was arrested and became a co-defendant in the Slánský trial alongside Rudolf Slánský.

The trial opened on April 24, 1997, but was postponed until May 18, when it was discovered that the lawyer for his Egyptian co-defendant, Emad Abdel-Hamid Ismail, was not present.

While engaged in this conflict, Adevărul stood out among local newspapers for supporting the PCR during a 1936 trial of its activists which took place in Craiova, and involved as a co-defendant Simion Pauker's daughter-in-law, Ana Pauker.

A defendant may also file a counterclaim against the plaintiff, or a cross-claim against a co-defendant, at any point before the trial begins, so long as the amount is within the jurisdictional limits of the GDC.

During the trial, the defence showed that Megrahi's co-defendant, Fhimah, had a watertight alibi, having been in Sweden at the time of the sabotage.

The accused did not object to the trial court's charge to the jury that discourse `` may constitute a breach of the peace if it stirs the public to anger, invites dispute, brings about a condition of unrest.

Due to his close proximity with Jacques Doriot's fascist Parti Populaire Français ( PPF ) during the 1930s and his role in implementing eugenics policies during Vichy France, he was accused after the Liberation of collaborationism, but died before the trial.

In criminal law, Antoninus introduced the important principle that accused persons are not to be treated as guilty before trial.

* 1612 – The " Samlesbury witches ", three women from the Lancashire village of Samlesbury, England, are put on trial, accused for practicing witchcraft, one of the most famous witch trials in English history.

At that meeting, Athanasius was accused of threatening to interfere with the supply of grains from Egypt, and, without any kind of formal trial, was exiled by Constantine to Trier in the Rhineland.

* R v Dudley and Stephens, an important trial of two men accused of shipwreck cannibalism

* The dock, the place where the accused in a criminal case stands in a British courtroom hence the expression " in the dock ", meaning on trial in court.

One might argue that the fear of stealing for most Tanzanians is morally positive, while others might argue that the accused deserves a fair trial under the law.

Three weeks later Echols and Baldwin went on trial where the prosecution accused the three of committing a Satanic murder.

A number of historians note that as many as 40, 000 accused prisoners may have been summarily executed without trial or died awaiting trial.

* 1987 – The trial of John Demjanjuk, accused of being a Nazi guard dubbed " Ivan the Terrible " in Treblinka extermination camp, starts in Jerusalem.

Upon his arrival in Hollywood, Lang joined the MGM studio and directed the crime drama Fury, starring Spencer Tracy as a man wrongly accused of a crime and then attacked by lynch mob who burn down the jail where he is awaiting trial and it is assumed they killed him in the flames, but did not.

The examples include the " trial of the accused adulteress ( Sotah )", the " Law of the Breaking of the Neck of the Heifer " and the application of the death penalty for the " rebellious child ".

* Habeas corpus ad deliberandum et recipiendum: a writ for bringing an accused from a different county into a court in the place where a crime had been committed for purposes of trial, or more literally to return holding the body for purposes of “ deliberation and receipt ” of a decision.

Indictable offenses are normally tried by jury, unless the accused waives the right to a jury trial.

A direct indictment is one in which the case is sent directly to trial before a preliminary inquiry is completed or when the accused has been discharged by a preliminary inquiry.

When the accused is charged with an indictable only offence, he is sent to the Crown Court for trial.

* the trial of an individual accused of heresy.

* 1973 – Watergate scandal: The trial of seven men accused of illegal entry into Democratic Party headquarters at Watergate begins.

* 1937 – In Moscow, 17 leading Communists go on trial accused of participating in a plot led by Leon Trotsky to overthrow Joseph Stalin's regime and assassinate its leaders.

A criminal accused by this jury was given a trial by ordeal.

In the judiciary of Russia, for serious crimes the accused have the option of a jury trial consisting of 12 jurors.

In the United States, every person accused of a crime punishable by incarceration for more than six months has a constitutional right to a trial by jury, which arises in federal court from Article Three of the United States Constitution, which states in part, " The Trial of all Crimes ... shall be by Jury ; and such Trial shall be held in the State where the said Crimes shall have been committed.

" The right was expanded with the Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which states in part, " In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed.

When the death sentence was passed, according to Moskalenko's later account, Beria pleaded on his knees for mercy before collapsing to the floor and wailing and crying energetically, but to no avail: the other six defendants were executed by firing squad on 23 December 1953, the same day as the trial, while Beria was fatally shot through the forehead by General Batitsky after the latter stuffed a rag into Beria's mouth to silence his bawling.

In August 1965, the Blue Streak was tested ( static firing trial ) with ( complete full-weight ) dummy upper stages at RAF Spadeadam ( the site was owned by Rolls Royce ), with first successful firing on 23 September 1965 lasting 135 seconds.

Australian soldiers Harry " Breaker " Morant and Peter Handcock were shot by a British firing squad in South Africa on February 27, 1902, for alleged war crimes during the Boer War ; questions have since been raised as to whether they received a fair trial.

After the Verona trial sentence, a Fascist firing squad, at a shooting range in Verona on 11 January 1944, executed Ciano and others ( including Emilio De Bono and Giovanni Marinelli ) who had voted for Mussolini's ousting.

Ferguson's trial was notable for a number of unusual developments, including his firing of his defense counsel and insisting on representing himself and questioning his own victims on the stand.

After the first successful firing ( the third prototype ) on March 8, 1944, three Wasserfall trial launches were completed by the end of June 1944.

After a brief, informal trial he was executed by firing squad.

In the first allied war trial after the war, Dostler was tried and found guilty of war crimes and sentenced to death by firing squad.

In 1952, as part of the persecution of Jews in the latter part of Stalin's rule ( for example, the " Doctors ' plot "), most prominent members of the JAC were arrested on trumped-up spying charges, tortured, and executed by firing squad after a secret mock trial.

Meanwhile, in a show trial orchestrated by Sponsz, Castafiore is sentenced to life in prison and the Thompsons are ordered to be executed by a firing squad.

In his trial, he claimed that he was just following orders, but was executed by firing squad on 4 May 1916, at the age of 25.

Following the declaration of martial law in 1909 during the Tragic Week, he was arrested and, having been found guilty after a lengthy trial, executed by firing squad at Montjuich Fortress in Barcelona on 13 October.

After a summary trial, Morden is executed by a firing squad.

Fry were executed by firing squad without trial, since they had already been condemned as pirates.

Sobhraj turned his trial into a show, hiring and firing lawyers at whim, bringing in his recently-paroled and still-loyal brother André to help, and eventually going on a hunger strike.

Lord Goddard directed the jury at the trial that, in law, Bentley was as guilty of firing the shot as Craig, even though there was contradictory evidence as to whether Bentley was aware that Craig was carrying a gun, and ballistics evidence doubting whether Craig could have hit PC Miles.

The Catholic Church has recognized several of those killed in the Cristero rebellion as martyrs, including the Blessed Miguel Pro ( SJ ), who was executed by firing squad on 23 November 1927 — without a trial — on trumped-up charges of involvement in an assassination attempt against former President Álvaro Obregón but in actuality for his priestly activities in defiance of the government.

M-5 detects the ships, but does not treat them as part of the trial, instead firing on them with full-strength weapons.

Only one week after the trial and despite a law question likely to cancel the sentence about to be taken by the Conseil d ' Etat ( French supreme public court ), Jean Bastien-Thiry was executed by firing squad at the Fort d ' Ivry on 11 March 1963, while clutching his rosary.

Ghotbzadeh was shot by a firing squad following a 26-day trial and after the Military Revolutionary Tribunal found him guilty and sentenced him to death.

A close examination of the trial transcript and the most reasonable interpretation of the evidence is that Davis killed Grimm while firing from the Avalon Hotel ; McElfresh was killed by a Wobbly firing from the IWW hall, and that Cassagranda was killed while running west on Second Avenue by a revolver probably fired by Davis firing from the Avalon Hotel.