The lithium battery, which does not ( and cannot ) use water in the electrolyte, provides improved performance over other types ; a rechargeable lithium ion battery is an essential part of many mobile devices.

Its lead-acid rechargeable battery was sensitive to shock, required frequent maintenance before use, and required preheating for best performance.

In contrast, handheld electroporators are cordless, rechargeable and use disposable pipectrodes, which combine elements of both cuvettes and pipettes.

The last decades of the twentieth century saw the more widespread use of technologies developed earlier, including filterless cyclonic dirt separation, central vacuum systems, and rechargeable hand-held vacuums.

Applications that require frequent replacement of the battery, such as toys or video game controllers, also benefit from use of rechargeable batteries.

For instance, Seiko's Kinetic powered quartz watches make use of the motion of the wearer's arm turning a rotating weight which causes a tiny generator to supply power to charge a rechargeable battery that runs the watch.

Hobby-grade vehicles almost always require 8 AA size batteries to power the transmitter, though some can use rechargeable transmitter pack or simply rechargeable AAs.

A few hand-held appliances use batteries, which may be disposable or rechargeable.

Traditional rechargeable batteries have to be charged before their first use ; newer low self-discharge NiMH batteries hold their charge for many months, and are typically charged at the factory to about 70 % of their rated capacity before shipping.

Grid energy storage applications use rechargeable batteries for load leveling, where they store electric energy for use during peak load periods, and for renewable energy uses, such as storing power generated from photovoltaic arrays during the day to be used at night.

The energy used to charge rechargeable batteries usually comes from a battery charger using AC mains electricity, although some are equipped to use a vehicle's 12-volt DC power outlet.

Carbonated water can be made at home by use of a readily available rechargeable soda siphon, or seltzer bottle, and disposable carbon dioxide cartridges.

Today flashlights use mostly incandescent lamps or light-emitting diodes and run on disposable or rechargeable batteries.

One of the earliest rechargeable batteries-the nickel-iron battery-was favored by Edison for use in electric cars.

* With rechargeable batteries, a mistake in use or charging may lead to Reverse charging.

While there are some rare instances that a hearing aid uses a rechargeable battery or a long-life disposable battery, the majority of modern hearing aids use one of five standard Button Cell Zinc-air batteries.

This alternate source of power is normally a lithium battery in older systems, but some newer systems use a supercapacitor, because they are rechargeable and can be soldered.

Later battery locomotives had rechargeable batteries and these did find use for shunting.

Removing power components from equipment powered by rechargeable batteries reduces the weight and size which must be carried, though use of other rechargeable batteries like sealed lead-acid batteries can questionably put more weight on the equipment.

Applications that require a small current for a long time, for example a smoke detector, also use primary batteries since the self-discharge current of a rechargeable battery would exceed the load current and limit service time to a few days or weeks.

Primary cells are also more cost-efficient in this case, as rechargeable batteries would use only a small fraction of available recharge cycles.

At a minimum, recording -- usually on tape, which is now in wide professional use -- brings the psychiatric interview alive so that the full range of emotion and meaning can be explored repeatedly by the therapist or by a battery of therapists.

Most modern laptops provide a method of screen dimming after periods of inactivity or when the battery is in use.

An uninterruptible power supply may use diodes in this way to ensure that current is only drawn from the battery when necessary.

The mercury battery using zinc and mercuric oxide provided higher levels of power and capacity than the original dry cell for early electronic devices, but has been phased out of common use due to the danger of mercury pollution from discarded cells.

Current advances in energy storage allow for energy densities as high as 2. 5 MJ / m³, which means that a battery delivering 32 MJ of energy would require a volume of 12. 8 m³ ; this is not a viable volume for use in a modern main battle tank, especially one designed to be lighter than existing models.

Besides locomotives which use only a fuelled power source ( e. g. an internal combustion engine ), and an electrical engine, there are also hybrids that additionally use a battery.

However, they warned that the recycling rates of some rare metals used in applications such as mobile phones, battery packs for hybrid cars and fuel cells are so low that unless future end-of-life recycling rates are dramatically stepped up these critical metals will become unavailable for use in modern technology.

Most large scale battery powered models use radio control.

Of the two kinds of RF power amplifier, switching amplifiers ( Class D amplifiers ) cost less and use less battery power than linear amplifiers of the same output power.

Because it requires no battery or other source of energy, the magneto is a compact and reliable self-contained ignition system, which is why it remains in use in many general aviation applications.

As the reliability of battery ignition systems improved, the magneto fell out of favor for general automotive use, but may still be found in sport or racing engines.

A Mini-mouse is a small egg-sized mouse for use with laptop computers ; usually small enough for use on a free area of the laptop body itself, it is typically optical, includes a retractable cord and uses a USB port to save battery life.

Allowed for AC adapter or battery use.

These models also use new power management features which give the device a three-hour battery life after only three minutes of charging.

Meters intended for testing in hazardous locations or for use on blasting circuits may require use of a manufacturer-specified battery to maintain their safety rating.

In double conversion mode the UPS can adjust for voltage variations without having to use battery power, can filter out line noise and control frequency.

Because of these complexities, it is common for organizations to use a real-time operating system ( RTOS ), allowing the application programmers to concentrate on device functionality rather than operating system services, at least for large systems ; smaller systems often cannot afford the overhead associated with a generic real time system, due to limitations regarding memory size, performance, or battery life.

Some customers choose to use equipment that is powered directly by 48VDC ( nominal ) battery banks.

AAC options are often divided into three levels of technology: no technology, low technology, and higher technology ( mid-tech or high-tech, consisting of systems requiring the use of a battery or powercord ).

Even use your portable electric or gas grill in the winter, inside.

A portable kerosene range designed for use aboard boats is sold with a special railing to keep it from moving with the motion of the vessel.

This type of certification is portable across locations ( for example, different corporations that use that software ), but not across other products.

); a homemade shelter-ventilating pump ( a KAP ); large containers for water ; a plastic bottle of sodium hypochlorite bleach ; one or two KFMs and the knowledge to operate them ; at least a 2-week supply of compact, nonperishable food ; an efficient portable stove ; wooden matches in a waterproof container ; essential containers and utensils for storing, transporting, and cooking food ; a hose-vented 5-gallon can, with heavy plastic bags for liners, for use as a toilet ; tampons ; insect screen and fly bait ; any special medications needed by family members ; Pure potassium iodide, a 2-oz bottle, and a medicine-dropper ; A first-aid kit and a tube of antibiotic ointment ; long-burning candles ( with small wicks ) sufficient for at least 14 nights ; an oil lamp ; a flashlight and extra batteries ; and a transistor radio with extra batteries and a metal box to protect it from EMP.

The earliest surviving documentary evidence for the use of the hand cannon, considered the oldest type of portable firearm and a forerunner of the handgun, are from several Arabic manuscripts dated to the 14th century.

The portable cheirosiphōn (" hand-siphon "), the earliest analogue to a modern flamethrower, is extensively attested in the military documents of the 10th century, and recommended for use in both sea and land.

However, its use is not strictly limited to the GNU operating system ; it is a portable debugger that runs on many Unix-like systems and works for many programming languages, including Ada, C, C ++, Objective-C, Free Pascal, Fortran, Java and partially others.

Its use as a cooking fuel is mostly restricted to some portable stoves for backpackers and to less-developed countries, where it is usually less refined and contains impurities and even debris.

A PDA has an electronic visual display, enabling it to include a web browser, all current models also have audio capabilities enabling use as a portable media player, and also enabling most of them to be used as mobile phones.

This limitation restricts clinical PET primarily to the use of tracers labelled with fluorine-18, which has a half-life of 110 minutes and can be transported a reasonable distance before use, or to rubidium-82, which can be created in a portable generator and is used for myocardial perfusion studies.

The 500 series featured DSTN ( 520 ) or active-matrix LCD displays ( 540 and 550 ), stereo speakers, and was the first computer to use a trackpad ( although a similar technology had been included on the pioneering Gavilan SC 11 years earlier ); it was also the first portable computer to offer built-in Ethernet networking.

There are also third party binary serializers that are documented, portable, use less memory footprint and CPU.

Despite its high cost, portable X-ray devices use thulium that has been bombarded in a nuclear reactor as a radiation source.

Sony continues to use the " Walkman " brand name for most of their portable audio devices, after the " Discman " name for CD players was dropped in the late 1990s.

Evolution of design, including the use of more portable resonators, has led to many variations, such as the dan bau ( Vietnam ) and gopichand ( India ), and more recently, the " electric one-string ", which amplifies the sound using a pickup.

Video output is through an RF modulator and was designed for use with contemporary portable television sets, for a simple colour graphic display.

* Boom in music downloading and the use of data compression to quickly transfer music over the Internet, with a corresponding rise of portable digital audio players.

In portable or battery-powered systems this can limit use of digital systems.

Probes are connected to portable meters typically by shrouded or recessed banana jacks, while benchtop meters may use banana jacks or BNC connectors.

The use of the term ground ( or earth ) is so common in electrical and electronics applications that circuits in portable electronic devices such as cell phones and media players as well as circuits in vehicles such as ships, aircraft, and spacecraft may be spoken of as having a " ground " connection without any actual connection to the Earth.

This distinguishes between small arms ( revolvers and self-loading pistols, rifles and carbines, submachine guns, assault rifles, and light machine guns ), which are weapons designed for personal use, and light weapons ( heavy machine guns, hand-held under-barrel and mounted grenade launchers, portable anti-aircraft guns, portable anti-tanks guns, recoilless rifles, portable launchers of anti-aircraft missile systems, and mortars of calibres less than 100 mm ), which are designed for use by several persons serving as a unit.