The 2, 000 Tatar raiders who fought on the Polish side – before their return to Crimea – demolished most townships and caused the death of over 50 % of the population of southern Prussian region ( later Masuria ) within the years 1656 – 1657, taking 3, 400 people into slavery.

This life ( not as acceptable in those days as it would become in later years ) and her opinions on organized religion caused her some trouble, and she was imprisoned in the Madelonnettes Convent in 1656 at the behest of Anne of Austria, Queen of France and regent for her son Louis XIV.

The Edict remained in effect for the rest of the Middle Ages, and it would be over 350 years until it was formally overturned under Oliver Cromwell in 1656.

The 17th century saw an increase in shipments with enslaved people arriving in the English colony of Jamestown, Virginia in 1619, although these first kidnapped Africans were classed as indentured servants and freed after seven years ; chattel slavery entered Virginia law in 1656.

Thomas Fincke ( 6 January 1561 – 24 April 1656 ) was a Danish mathematician and physicist, and a professor at the University of Copenhagen for more than 60 years.

After Dutch interest a few years earlier, the land was sold by Chief Asharoken, head of the Matinecocks, to three Englishmen in 1656.

Every seven years, a religious procession takes place in the so-called ' septennial festivities ' in commemoration of the end of a drought in 1656.

The nebula was independently discovered by several other prominent astronomers in the following years, including, in 1656, Christiaan Huygens ( whose sketch was the first published, in 1659 ).

In the 17th century, during the Russo – Swedish War initiated by Alexis of Russia, the Russians captured Daugavpils, renamed the town Borisoglebsk and controlled the region for 11 years, between 1656 and 1667.

During his Oxford years he wrote Justitia Divina ( 1653 ), an exposition of the dogma that God cannot forgive sin without an atonement ; Communion with God ( 1657 ), Doctrine of the Saints ' Perseverance ( 1654 ), his final attack on Arminianism ; Vindiciae Evangelicae, a treatise written by order of the Council of State against Socinianism as expounded by John Biddle ; On the Mortification of Sin in Believers ( 1656 ), an introspective and analytic work ; Schism ( 1657 ), one of the most readable of all his writings ; Of Temptation ( 1658 ), an attempt to recall Puritanism to its cardinal spiritual attitude from the jarring anarchy of sectarianism and the pharisaism which had followed on popularity and threatened to destroy the early simplicity.

During the years 1656 and 1658 milled half crowns were issued of Oliver Cromwell.

Two years later he died and was buried in the churchyard of Martin Hussingtree on 9 June 1656.

Lasting for the rest of the Middle Ages, it would be over 350 years until it was formally overturned in 1656.

Inaccessible Island was first discovered in January 1656 during a voyage by't Nachtglas, a Dutch ship under the command of Jan Jacobszoon, 146 years after Tristan da Cunha was first sighted by Portuguese sailors.

He remained with the Viennese court during the next four years, producing at least one more collection of music, the Libro Quarto of 1656 ( Libro Terzo is now lost ).

Abell himself preferred the latter, but in recent years ACO 1656 has become the preferred format among professional astronomers and is the one recommended by the Centre de Données astronomiques de Strasbourg ( see SIMBAD ).

Sixty years after these events, John II, Duke of Braganza ( 1603 – 1656 ) accepted the throne offered by the Portuguese nobility, who had become frustrated under Habsburg rule, becoming John IV of Portugal.

Chesterfield himself was imprisoned and died still in captivity on 12 September 1656, some three and a half years before the Restoration in 1660.

The town included a much larger area than the present city, with various outlying parts becoming independent towns over the years: Newton ( originally Cambridge Village, then Newtown ) in 1688, Lexington ( Cambridge Farms ) in 1712, and both West Cambridge ( originally Menotomy ) and Brighton ( Little Cambridge ) in 1807.

With his experience it was logical that Marlborough took charge of the 8, 000 British troops sent to the Low Countries in the spring of 1689 ; yet throughout the Nine Years ' War ( 1688 – 97 ) he saw only three years service in the field, and then mostly in subordinate commands.

The death of Hasan Predojević the Požega Sanjak Bey in the Battle of Sisak in 1593, marked the first Ottoman defeat in Europe, and after years of steady decline, Ottoman rule grew weaker until Požega was finally liberated on 12 March 1688 by citizens led by friar Luka Ibrišimović.

Due to the focus on marine business, during the formative years of Lloyd's ( between 1688 and 1807 ), one of the sources of Lloyd's business was the insurance of ships engaged in slave trading, as Britain rapidly established itself as the chief trading power in the Atlantic.

In 1688, King William's War began and the English and Iroquois launched a major assault on New France, after many years of small skirmishes throughout the English and French territories.

There were eleven editions of the first part in John Bunyan's lifetime, published in successive years from 1678 to 1685 and in 1688, and there were two editions of the second part, published in 1684 and 1686.

It was published over the years of the Popish Plot ( 1678 – 1681 ) and ten years before the Glorious Revolution of 1688, and it shows the influence of John Foxe's Acts and Monuments.

Following the death of Queen Mary from smallpox in 1694, William continued to reign as William III, with his regnal years continuing to date from 1688.

In this reign, the coins weighed 8. 5 g with a diameter of 25 – 26 mm, and were minted in all years between 1685 and 1688, with an average gold purtiy of 0. 9094.

In 1688, five years after its founding, Germantown became the birthplace of the anti-slavery movement in America.

He became a brigadier ten years later, maréchal de camp in 1680, and lieutenant-general 1688.

The ten years of peace between 1678 and 1688 were distinguished in French history by the rise of Madame de Maintenon, the capture of Strasbourg and the revocation of the Edict of Nantes, in all of which Louvois bore a prominent part.

Louvois was able to superintend the successes of the first years of the war of the League of Augsburg and in 1688 initiated the collection of Plans-Reliefs of French strongholds that is now the Musée des Plans-Reliefs.

He was a leading Whig during the twenty-five years after 1688.

The village was first mentioned in 1688 ; two years later it was reported to have two houses.

He joined the navy aged 25 years, seeing action against Algerian pirates before leaving and joining the merchant navy where he traded until the Glorious Revolution of 1688, whereupon he returned to the Royal Navy and was commissioned.

Over the course of the next two years, war raged across Ireland between the rival armies of James II and the Dutch Protestant, William of Orange, who was invited to take the throne of England by the Parliament in 1688.

He was named maréchal de camp in 1676, lieutenant-general in 1688, and finally marshal of France in 1724, just three years before his death.

James's " vastation " initiated a spiritual crisis that lasted two years, and was finally resolved through the thorough exploration of the work of Emanuel Swedenborg ( 1688 – 1772 ), the Swedish scientist, religious visionary and teacher, and mystic.

Leverett and Brattle managed Harvard College while Harvard's President Increase Mather was in England for four years ( 1688 – 1692 )

The city remained under Ottoman occupation for 145 years, until 1688, except for a short period in 1601 when it was re-occupied by an army led by Lawrence of Brindisi.

His birth date seems to have been November 1, 1688 because Morgans Chapel at Bunker Hill, which he helped to found, recorded the following upon his death: " Colonel Morgan died November 17, 1766 aged 78 years November 1st.

By 1688, the ironworks were operated by Lawrence Wellington, but a few years after the furnace was occupied by Shadrach Fox.