In the Theories of Surplus Value (" Volume IV " of Das Kapital, 1863 ), Marx refines this theory to distinguish between scenarios where the destruction of ( commodity ) values affects either use values or exchange values or both together.

Theories of spiritual evolution are important in many Occult and Esoteric teachings, which emphasise the progression and development of the individual either after death ( spiritualism ) or through successive reincarnations ( Theosophy, Hermeticism ).

Theories contend that during complex learning activities the amount of information and interactions that must be processed simultaneously can either under-load, or overload the finite amount of working memory one possesses.

:" Theories of evolution which, because of the philosophies which inspire them, regard the spirit either as emerging from the forces of living matter, or as a simple epiphenomenon of that matter, are incompatible with the truth about man.

Theories have tried either to set further conditions to the kind of resemblance necessary, or sought ways in which a notational system might allow such resemblance.

Theories for this warming include a change of frost patterns on Triton's surface and a change in ice albedo, which would allow more heat to be absorbed.

Thus, unlike standard versions of functionalism ( often called Functional State Identity Theories ), FSTs do not allow for the multiple realizability of mental states, because the fact that mental states are realized by brain states is essential.

Theories include: the Tu-144 tried to avoid a French Mirage chase plane which was attempting to photograph it, that changes had been made by the ground engineering team to the auto-stabilisation circuits to allow the Tu-144 to outperform Concorde in the display circuit, and that the crew were attempting a manoeuvre — to outshine Concorde — that the aircraft was not capable of.

Theories are that he feared the Rump was trying to perpetuate itself as the government, or that the Rump was preparing for an election which could return an anti-Commonwealth majority.

Yngwie Malmsteen released his Concerto Suite for Electric Guitar and Orchestra in 1998, and Steve Vai released a double-live CD entitled Sound Theories, of his work with the Netherlands Metropole Orchestra in June 2007.

A slightly larger count ( but still better than split radix for N ≥ 256 ) was shown to be provably optimal for N ≤ 512 under additional restrictions on the possible algorithms ( split-radix-like flowgraphs with unit-modulus multiplicative factors ), by reduction to a Satisfiability Modulo Theories problem solvable by brute force ( Haynal & Haynal, 2011 ).

Theories of hyperinflation generally look for a relationship between seigniorage and the inflation tax.

Theories disagree on the basis for deserving.

Theories as buildings: we establish a foundation for them, a framework, support them with strong arguments, buttressing them with facts, hoping they will stand.

Two of the major institutions dealing with political science-the Institute of Contemporary Social Theories and the Institute of International Affairs-were disbanded, and most of their members were actually left without jobs and had to look for new professional careers.

Theories of Everything: The Quest for Ultimate Explanation.

Theories are analytical tools for understanding, explaining, and making predictions about a given subject matter.

( See Theories as models for further discussion.

Theories have been proposed that Víðarr's silence may derive from a ritual silence or other abstentions which often accompany acts of vengeance, as for example in Völuspá and Baldrs draumar when Váli, conceived for the sole purpose of avenging Baldr's death, abstains from washing his hands and combing his hair " until he brought Baldr's adversary to the funeral pyre ".

Theories of wormhole metrics describe the spacetime geometry of a wormhole and serve as theoretical models for time travel.

* John Barrow ( 1991 ) Theories of Everything: The Quest for Ultimate Explanations.

The Demand for Money: Theories, Evidence, and Problems, 4th ed.

Theories include that it was named for Louisa County, Virginia, or a corruption of the name of the river (" Levisa ") or that it was named after Louisa Swetnam, one of the first children born in the area to Europeans.

" Psychologists and Their Theories for Students.

* Troelstra, A. S. ( no date but later than 1990 ), " A History of Constructivism in the 20th Century ", http :// staff. science. uva. nl /~ anne / hhhist. pdf, A detailed survey for specialists: § 1 Introduction, § 2 Finitism & § 2. 2 Actualism, § 3 Predicativism and Semi-Intuitionism, § 4 Brouwerian Intuitionism, § 5 Intuitionistic Logic and Arithmetic, § 6 Intuitionistic Analysis and Stronger Theories, § 7 Constructive Recursive Mathematics, § 8 Bishop's Constructivism, § 9 Concluding Remarks.

Theories for this include smaller bodies ( and thus less stress on the heart ), a stronger immune system ( since testosterone acts as an immunosuppressant ), and less tendency to engage in physically dangerous activities.

Theories vary as to when the jewel was made and for what occasion.

Theories which assert that the universe has an infinite age, including many of the theories described above, fail to account for the abundance of deuterium in the cosmos, because deuterium easily undergoes nuclear fusion in stars and there are no known astrophysical processes other than the Big Bang itself that can produce it in large quantities.

In 1828, Green published An Essay on the Application of Mathematical Analysis to the Theories of Electricity and Magnetism, which is the essay he is most famous for today.

In his researching he found that " when all individuals pursue their own preferences, the outcome is segregation rather than integration ," as stated in " Theories of Social Order ," edited by Michael Hechter and Christine Horne.

Theories included a Saxon celebration of a victory over the Danes, a phallic symbol later Christianised, a direction sign for a ( non-existent ) medieval monastery, soldiers in the Civil War amusing themselves when they had nothing better to do, and a seventeenth century alternative to a village cross.

In one of their more serious experiments during the " Conspiracy Theories " episode, Teller fires a rifle at a melon wrapped in one-inch fiberglass tape to demonstrate that when a human head is shot, it is likely to be forced in the direction opposite to the bullet's trajectory.

Theories developed in wargaming Red-Orange were useful during World War II, when the United States engaged the Axis in both the Atlantic and Pacific simultaneously.

* Systems-The authors introduce four elements all systems share, as defined by Stephen Littlejohn in his textbook Theories of Human Communication, and go on to identify each of these elements in the game of chess, when framed as a formal ( mathematical ), experiential ( social ), or cultural ( representational ) system.

Theories about the Australian arm of the IACF have abounded since 1975, when then Australian Governor-General John Kerr, an IACF member and, according to William Blum, as cited by John Pilger, a member of the executive board of the Australian branch, dismissed the government of then Prime Minister Gough Whitlam.

Mary K. Rodgers and Diana Pien analysed the subject in an essay entitled " Elephants and Marshmallows " ( subtitled " A Theoretical Synthesis of Incongruity-Resolution and Arousal Theories of Humour "), and wrote that " jokes are nonsensical when they fail to completely resolve incongruities ," and cited one of the many permutations of the elephant joke: " Why did the elephant sit on the marshmallow?

Theories of physical and mental science are non-theistic, even when in no degree, directly or indirectly, antagonistic to theism.

Theories adding philosophic backing to its own conceptualizations from such ideas as diplomatic recognition and the sovereign state's right to exist as it were extending beyond territorial nation-state in an international structure, to an intranational structure of the voluntary association of those with similar social world views being codified legal frameworks to themselves, within their own sphere of interaction, under a federal government of a particular nation state & relying on infrastructural power for implementation.

Theories of city form were available, sector and concentric circle concepts, in particular.

A similar view is adopted in Quantum Information Theories.

* The Delani / Sonnabend Halls-recalling the intertwining story of an ill-fated opera singer, Madalena Delani, with a theoretician of memory, Geoffrey Sonnabend, whose 3-part work Obliscence: Theories of Forgetting and the Problem of Matter suggests that memory is an elaborate construction that humankind has created, " to buffer ourselves against the intolerable knowledge of the irreversible passage of time and the irretrievability of its moments and events.

Theories in various fields of study are expressed in natural language, but are always constructed in such a way that their general form is identical to a theory as it is expressed in the formal language of mathematical logic.

Theories are improved ( or replaced by better theories ) as more evidence is gathered, so that accuracy in prediction improves over time ; this increased accuracy corresponds to an increase in scientific knowledge.

Theories which claim that morality is derived from reasoning about implied imperatives ( universal prescriptivism ), the edicts of a god ( divine command theory ), or the hypothetical decrees of a perfectly rational being ( ideal observer theory ), are considered anti-realist in the robust sense used here, but are considered realist in the sense synonymous with moral universalism.

# Theories also help place events in a causal context that is greater than common sense alone can provide, because commonsense causation is inherently limited by what we see and experience.

He is coauthor ( with Andrei Suslin and Eric M. Friedlander ) of Cycles, Transfers and Motivic Homology Theories, which develops the theory of motivic cohomology in some detail.

Theories that the painting is about duality ( city and country, male and female ) have been dismissed since radiography has shown that in the earlier stages of the painting the soldier to the left was a seated female nude.

Theories have been proposed suggesting that the Pied Piper is a symbol of the children's death by plague or catastrophe.

Theories are improved as more evidence is gathered, so that accuracy in prediction improves over time.

The first volume of Capital and Interest, titled History and Critique of Interest Theories ( 1884 ), is an exhaustive survey of the alternative treatments of the phenomenon of interest: use theories, productivity theories, abstinence theories, and many more.

The Value of All Values Across Time, Place and Theories ”, is an encompassing in-depth critical study of known world philosophies and fields to explain the inner logic of each canon and school in relationship to world problems across languages and eras including the method of life-value onto-axiology which is deployed to excavate, explain and resolve life-blind presuppositions of the world ’ s major thought-systems from the ancients East and West to modern and contemporary philosophy.

The idea that Skinner's position is anti-theoretical is probably inspired by the arguments he put forth in his article Are Theories of Learning Necessary?

The School is perhaps best known for the Subculture Theories of Thrasher, Frazier, and Sutherland, and for applying the principles of ecology to develop the Social Disorganization Theory which refers to consequences of the failure of:

They have observed the weakening of primary social relationships and relate this to a process of social disorganization ( comparison with the concept of anomie and the Strain Theories is instructive ).

Role confusion, however, is, according to Barbara Engler in her book Personality Theories ( 2006 ), " the inability to conceive of oneself as a productive member of one's own society " ( 158 ).

Content Theories deal with “ what ” motivates people and it is concerned with individual needs and goals.