These texts, as opposed to Aristotle's lost works, are technical philosophical treatises from within Aristotle's school.

These dynamic relationships, between what can be observed on the ground, as opposed to what can be observed by compiling many local observations remain fundamental in any kind of anthropology, whether cultural, biological, linguistic or archaeological.

These developments gave rise to the Islamist and Islamic movement opposed to the increasing communist and Soviet influence over Afghanistan.

These groups, along with other Christians opposed to capital punishment, have cited Christ's Sermon on the Mount ( transcribed in Matthew Chapter 5 – 7 ) and Sermon on the Plain ( transcribed in Luke 6: 17 – 49 ).

These Marxists in the Kuomintang opposed the Chinese communist party ideology.

These parties belong to all sides of the political spectrum so the reasons for their Euroscepticism may differ, but they all opposed the ratification of the Treaty of Lisbon.

These types of fossil are called trace fossils ( or ichnofossils ), as opposed to body fossils.

These structures are somewhat analogous to high-and low-pressure cells in Earth's atmosphere, but they have a very different structure — latitudinal bands that circle the entire planet, as opposed to small confined cells of pressure.

These books, together with Nevi ' im and Ketuvim are known as Torah Shebikhtav as opposed to the Oral Torah, which refers to the Mishna and the Talmud.

These marxists in the Kuomintang opposed the Chinese communist party ideology.

These theories, championed by the likes of Noam Chomsky and others, include innatism and Psychological nativism, in which a child is born prepared in some manner with these capacities, as opposed to other theories in which language is simply learned as other cognitive skills, including such mundane motor skills as learning to ride a bike.

These meanings can either oppose or complement each other, although they share the common trait that they rely on inherence as opposed to design in finding just laws.

These developments — re-evaluation of the entire Western value system ( love, marriage, popular culture, shift from industrial to service economy ) that took place since the 1950s and 1960s, with a peak in the Social Revolution of 1968 — are described with the term Postmodernity, Influences on postmodern thought, Paul Lützeler ( St. Louis ) as opposed to Postmodernism, a term referring to an opinion or movement.

These texts do refer to a number of states having Gaṇa sangha, or council-based, as opposed to monarchical governments.

These motions absorb shock and are opposed by the coordinated action of several muscles.

These three together make up the intellectual ( as opposed to the physical ) system of the universe ; and they are opposed respectively by three false principles, atheism, religious fatalism which refers all moral distinctions to the will of God, and thirdly the fatalism of the ancient Stoics, who recognized God and yet identified Him with nature.

These studies reveal that the result of extraterrestrial contact will be strongly governed by the benevolence or malevolence of an extraterrestrial civilization, how advanced it is technologically, and whether or not such a species sends robotic probes to contact humanity, as opposed to radio signals from a centralized source, as well as biological similarities and differences between humanity and the extraterrestrial species.

According to Benetton “ These are symbolic images of reconciliation — with a touch of ironic hope and constructive provocation — to stimulate reflection on how politics, faith and ideas, even when they are divergent and mutually opposed, must still lead to dialogue and mediation ”.

These toys featured red reflective holograms on the nose to represent the scanner ( however, they were located on the point of the nose, rather like the early mock-up of KITT seen in the Pilot ) as opposed to altering the basic model design to incorporate the scanner as commonly seen in the series.

These laws are resented among certain segments of the motorcycle-riding public, in particular those that regard riding a motorcycle as an expression of personal freedom, as opposed to riding in a car.

These events eroded hope of reform through democratic means and persuaded those opposed to the government that armed insurrection was the only way to achieve change.

These tribes had previously opposed but later made peace with Julius Caesar.

These include rights to tenure ( although the Constitution has since been amended to introduce mandatory retirement at age 75 ) and the right to a salary determined by the Parliament of Canada ( as opposed to the executive ).

* These first two groups ( hereditary and life peers ) are termed collectively and officially Lords Temporal as opposed to the third type of deemed baron sitting in the House known as Lords Spiritual.

These countries must formulate a comprehensive, long-term program covering the objectives of both the private and the public sectors of the economy.

These loans are targeted at reducing the budget deficit, stabilizing the local currency ; developing private businesses ; energy ; the agriculture, food processing, transportation, and health and education sectors ; and ongoing rehabilitation work in the earthquake zone.

These cabs cost 10 pesos per person to ride, but they are not private.

These were mainly concerned with private property, civil justice, and minting.

These rhyolite formations can be seen in several city parks and in the yards of a number of private residences.

These early canals were constructed, owned, and operated by private joint-stock companies.

These anti-heroes —" criminals, outcasts, visionaries, dissenters and misfits " call to mind the private eye of detective fiction.

These means of restraining private feuds did not always work, and sometimes prevented the fulfillment of justice.

These included the state itself ( the populus Romanus ), municipalities, and such private associations as sponsors of a religious cult, burial clubs, political groups, and guilds of craftsmen or traders.

These opponents of central planning argue that the only way to determine what society actually wants is by allowing private enterprise to use their resources in competing to meet the needs of consumers, rather those taking resources away and allowing government to direct investment without responding to market signals.

These products moved as a result of private trade and also through payments and contracts established by the Roman state to support its military forces and officials on the island, as well as through state taxation and extraction of resources.

These schools are made up of a mix of public, catholic, private and independent run, with the heaviest distribution lying in the more densely populated West around the Hobart city core.

These cities were well planned with wide streets, public and private wells, drains, bathing platforms and reservoirs.

These third parties may include businesses, who may want access to employees ' private communications, or governments, who may wish to be able to view the contents of encrypted communications.

These mews now provide very attractive private accommodation which can fetch similar prices to flats in the grand houses they once served.

These reforms included guarantees to ensure the Ottoman subjects perfect security for their lives, honour, and property ; the introduction of the first Ottoman paper banknotes ( 1840 ) and opening of the first post offices ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the finance system according to the French model ( 1840 ); the reorganization of the Civil and Criminal Code according to the French model ( 1840 ); the establishment of the Meclis-i Maarif-i Umumiye ( 1841 ) which was the prototype of the First Ottoman Parliament ( 1876 ); the reorganization of the army and a regular method of recruiting, levying the army, and fixing the duration of military service ( 1843 – 44 ); the adoption of an Ottoman national anthem and Ottoman national flag ( 1844 ); the first nationwide Ottoman census in 1844 ( only male citizens were counted ); the first national identity cards ( officially named the Mecidiye identity papers, or informally kafa kağıdı ( head paper ) documents, 1844 ); the institution of a Council of Public Instruction ( 1845 ) and the Ministry of Education ( Mekatib-i Umumiye Nezareti, 1847, which later became the Maarif Nezareti, 1857 ); the abolition of slavery and slave trade ( 1847 ); the establishment of the first modern universities ( darülfünun, 1848 ), academies ( 1848 ) and teacher schools ( darülmuallimin, 1848 ); establishment of the Ministry of Healthcare ( Tıbbiye Nezareti, 1850 ); the Commerce and Trade Code ( 1850 ); establishment of the Academy of Sciences ( Encümen-i Daniş, 1851 ); establishment of the Şirket-i Hayriye which operated the first steam-powered commuter ferries ( 1851 ); the first European style courts ( Meclis-i Ahkam-ı Adliye, 1853 ) and supreme judiciary council ( Meclis-i Ali-yi Tanzimat, 1853 ); establishment of the modern Municipality of Istanbul ( Şehremaneti, 1854 ) and the City Planning Council ( İntizam-ı Şehir Komisyonu, 1855 ); the abolition of the capitation ( Jizya ) tax on non-Muslims, with a regular method of establishing and collecting taxes ( 1856 ); non-Muslims were allowed to become soldiers ( 1856 ); various provisions for the better administration of the public service and advancement of commerce ; the establishment of the first telegraph networks ( 1847 – 1855 ) and railroads ( 1856 ); the replacement of guilds with factories ; the establishment of the Ottoman Central Bank ( originally established as the Bank-ı Osmanî in 1856, and later reorganized as the Bank-ı Osmanî-i Şahane in 1863 ) and the Ottoman Stock Exchange ( Dersaadet Tahvilat Borsası, established in 1866 ); the Land Code ( Arazi Kanunnamesi, 1857 ); permission for private sector publishers and printing firms with the Serbesti-i Kürşad Nizamnamesi ( 1857 ); establishment of the School of Economical and Political Sciences ( Mekteb-i Mülkiye, 1859 ); the Press and Journalism Regulation Code ( Matbuat Nizamnamesi, 1864 ); among others.

And the " Program Evaluation and Review Technique " or PERT, was developed by Booz Allen Hamilton as part of the United States Navy's ( in conjunction with the Lockheed Corporation ) Polaris missile submarine program ; These mathematical techniques quickly spread into many private enterprises.

These became worse with age, and were manifested by a withdrawal from the world and its affairs into his private interests.

These lands span five counties ( Dare, Hyde, Tyrrell, Washington and Beaufort ) and include three national wildlife refuges, a U. S. Air Force bombing range, and private land.

These three sources of revenue — tourism, private transfers, and official transfers — allow Samoa to cover its persistently large trade deficit.

These three bodies are all private organizations.

** sponsored top-level domains ( sTLD ): These domains are proposed and sponsored by private agencies or organizations that establish and enforce rules restricting the eligibility to use the TLD.

These tendencies however were never supported by the First Vatican Council's dogma of papal infallibility and primacy of 1870, but are rather inspired by erroneous private opinions of some Roman Catholic laymen, who tend to identify themselves completely with the Holy See.

These were complemented by a comprehensive package of structural reforms including privatization, enterprise, and financial sector reform, and creation of the legal framework for a market economy and private sector activity.

* The Maintenance Security Law ( 1979 ), which introduced public advance payments for single parents “ not in receipt of maintenance payments from the liable parent .” These benefits were made payable up to 36 months, and private claims against a parent not meeting a maintenance liability were taken over by the state.