This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 10th-century Emperor Horikawa and go-( 後 ), translates literally as " later "; and thus, he is sometimes called the " Later Emperor Horikawa ".

This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 8th-century Emperor Saga and go-( 後 ), translates literally as " later "; and thus, he is sometimes called the " Later Emperor Saga ".

This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Nimmyō and go-( 後 ), translates literally as " later ;" and thus, he could be called the " Later Emperor Fukakusa ".

This 13th-century sovereign was named after the 9th-century Emperor Uda and go-( 後 ), translates literally as " later "; and thus, he is sometimes called the " Later Emperor Uda ".

The iconography of the tympanum and archivolts of the late 13th-century portal of Strasbourg Cathedral was inspired by the writings of Albertus Magnus.

The 13th-century Moroccan biographer Ibn al-Zayyat al-Tadili and Qadi Ayyad before him in the 12th-century, note that Waggag's learning center was called Dar al-Murabitin ( The house of the Almoravids ), and that might have inspired Ibn Yasin's choice of name for the movement.

One of the first written references is from an anonymous 13th-century North Africa / Andalusian cookbook, Kitāb al-tabǐkh fǐ al-Maghrib ( North Africa ) wa ' l-Andalus ( Arabic ) " The cookbook of the Maghreb and Al-Andalus ", with a recipe for couscous that was ' known all over the world '.

Guillaume Tell was a political epic adapted from Schiller ’ s play ( 1804 ) about the 13th-century Swiss patriot who rallied his country against the Austrians.

Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Balkhī (), also known as Jalāl ad-Dīn Muhammad Rūmī (), and more popularly in the English-speaking world simply as Rumi ( 30 September 1207 – 17 December 1273 ), was a 13th-century after whose death in 1284 Rumi's younger and only surviving son, Sultan Walad ( died 1312 ), favorably known as author of the mystical Maṭnawī Rabābnāma, or the Book of the Rabab was installed as grand master of the order.

Most historians today, including John's recent biographers Ralph Turner and Lewis Warren, argue that John was an unsuccessful monarch, but note that his failings were exaggerated by 12th-and 13th-century chroniclers.

The most significant of these 13th-century prose romances was the Vulgate Cycle ( also known as the Lancelot-Grail Cycle ), a series of five Middle French prose works written in the first half of that century.

Another hero of the Grail quest, Sir Galahad ( a 13th-century literary invention of monks from St. Bernard's Cistercian Order ) was depicted bearing a shield with the cross of Saint George, similar to the Templars ' insignia: this version presented the " Holy " Grail as a Christian relic.

Only earthworks and fragments of masonry remain of what was an extensive 13th-century barbican structure including a stone wall and an external gatehouse guarding the main approach to the castle.

His knowledge of optics was connected to the handed-down long-standing tradition of the Kitab al-manazir ( The Optics ; De aspectibus ) of the Arab polymath Alhazen ( Ibn al-Haytham, d. c. 1041 ), which was mediated by Franciscan optical workshops of the 13th-century Perspectivae traditions of scholars such as Roger Bacon, John Peckham and Witelo ( similar influences are also traceable in the third commentary of Lorenzo Ghiberti, Commentario terzo ).

The name Madageiscar was first recorded in the memoirs of 13th-century Venetian explorer Marco Polo as a corrupted form of the name Mogadishu, the Somali port with which Polo had confused the island.

The characteristics they shared with many Merovingian female saints may be mentioned: Regenulfa of Incourt, a 7th-century virgin in French-speaking Brabant of the ancestral line of the dukes of Brabant fled from a proposal of marriage to live isolated in the forest, where a curative spring sprang forth at her touch ; Ermelindis of Meldert, a 6th-century virgin related to Pepin I, inhabited several isolated villas ; Begga of Andenne, the mother of Pepin II, founded seven churches in Andenne during her widowhood ; the purely legendary " Oda of Amay " was drawn into the Carolingian line by spurious genealogy in her 13th-century vita, which made her the mother of Arnulf, Bishop of Metz, but she has been identified with the historical Saint Chrodoara ; finally, the widely-venerated Gertrude of Nivelles, sister of Begga in the Carolingian ancestry, was abbess of a nunnery established by her mother.

The 13th-century Cistercian monk and chronicler Peter of Vaux de Cernay claimed it was part of Catharist belief that the earthly Jesus Christ had a relationship with Mary Magdalene, described as his concubine.

The story first appeared in 13th-century chronicles, and was subsequently spread and embellished throughout Europe.

The Land of Cockaigne ( also Cockaygne, Cokaygne ), was an imaginary land of idleness and luxury, famous in medieval story, and the subject of more than one poem, one of which, an early translation of a 13th-century French work, is given in Ellis's Specimens of Early English Poets.

15v ) was a 13th-century artist from Picardy in northern France.

This sentiment was further inspired by the rediscovery of a contemporary, 13th-century wall painting of Tamar in the then-ruined Betania monastery, which was uncovered and restored by Prince Grigory Gagarin in the 1840s.

He spoke of a notation made by Snorri Sturluson, a 13th-century historian-mythographer in Ynglinga Saga which relates that " Odin ( a Scandinavian god who was one of the kings ) came to the North with his people from a country called Aser.

Some hint of Cnut's childhood can be found in the Flateyjarbók, a 13th-century source, stating at one point that Cnut was taught his soldiery by the chieftain Thorkell the Tall, brother to Sigurd, Jarl of mythical Jomsborg, and the legendary Joms, at their Viking stronghold on the Island of Wollin, off the coast of Pomerania.

* Palamedes ( romance ), a 13th-century French Arthurian romance named after the knight

She named the college after one of her father's 13th-century predecessors, Hugh of Avalon, who was canonised in 1220, and in whose diocese Oxford had been.

There are records of an instrument named gusle ( гоусли ) being played at the court of the 13th-century Serbian King Stefan Nemanjić, but it is not certain whether the term was used in its present-day meaning or it denoted some other kind of string instrument.

Few manuscripts were signed, so the list might be extended almost indefinitely, but some manuscripts can be said to have transferred some of their importance to the copyist ; in the manuscript tradition of Phaedrus, for example, it is common to refer to the Anonymus Nilanti, a 13th-century copyist named after the scholar who edited him in 1709.

Merbaka is thought to have been named for William of Moerbeke, a 13th-century Roman Catholic archbishop of Corinth, scholar and Philhellene from Flanders.

Historically, Kabbalah emerged, after earlier forms of Jewish mysticism, in 12th-to 13th-century Southern France and Spain, becoming reinterpreted in the Jewish mystical renaissance of 16th-century Ottoman Palestine.

The Italian The Prophecies of Merlin contains long prophecies of Merlin ( mostly concerned with 13th-century Italian politics ), some by his ghost after his death.

The young couple originally christened their child Piero Mariano, though he took the name Peter Martyr when he entered the novitiate of the Augustinian Order after the 13th-century Dominican St. Peter Martyr.

It was possibly written some point after the 18th century but may also represent a translation of The Sworn Book of Honorius, a 13th-century text.

With only interior remodelling carried out to the castle by Hugh le Despenser in the 1320s, Caerphilly Castle remains a pure example of 13th-century military architecture and is the largest castle in Wales, and second largest in Britain ( after Windsor ).

Krak des Chevaliers can be classified both as a spur castle, due to its site, and after the 13th-century expansion a fully developed concentric castle.

In the early 13th-century, King John of England was under pressure after a quarrel with Pope Innocent III led to England being placed under an interdict, by which all forms of worship and other religious practices were banned.

These liberties changed after the introductions of Christianity, and from the late 13th-century, they are no longer mentioned

Saint Guinefort was a 13th-century French dog that received local veneration as a saint after miracles were reported at his grave.

Manfredonia is also the location of the seat of the Archbishopric of Manfredonia-Vieste-S. Giovanni Rotondo in Manfredonia Cathedral, rebuilt in about 1600 after the destruction by the Turks of its 13th-century predecessor.

The current architectural plan of Stare Miasto – the 13th-century merchants ' town – was drawn up in 1257 after the destruction of the city during the Tatar invasions of 1241 followed by raids of 1259 and repelled in 1287.

According to Óskar such details as an incorrect name for Hrafnkell's father do not constitute valid evidence for the view of the saga as a 13th-century fiction.

Although the Roman-alphabet spelling of the name of this 13th-century emperor is the same as the personal name of the 20th century Emperor Shōwa, the kanji are different:

They claimed a legendary descent from the Roman Emperor Florianus, as well as from the Arthurian knights Garel and Daniel von Blumenthal, whose stories are told in 13th-century poems by Der Pleier and Der Stricker, respectively.