An example of a significant and sustainable carbonate aquifer is the Edwards Aquifer in central Texas.

The carbonate carbon and oxygen isotope ratios imply deposition of the carbonates from a gradually evaporating subsurface water body, probably a shallow aquifer meters or tens of meters below the surface.

The formation of caves ( speleogenesis ) within this coastal carbonate aquifer is principally associated with carbonate dissolution at the fresh-saline water contact within the aquifer.

The Floridan Aquifer is a portion of the principal artesian aquifer that extends into Florida and is composed of carbonate rock and located beneath the coastal regions of the Southeastern United States and is one of the world's most productive aquifers.

" In 1944, M. A. Warren of the Georgia Geological Survey described an extension of this system in south Georgia and applied the term " principal artesian aquifer " to the carbonate units involved.

In 1955, Garald G. Parker noted the hydrologic and lithologic similarities of the Tertiary carbonate formations in southeast Florida, concluded that they represented a single hydrologic unit, and named that unit the " Floridan aquifer.

Treatment with lithium carbonate has been strongly linked to a reduced risk of suicide, self-harm, and death in people with bipolar disorder.

# Lithium carbonate, the mainstay in the management of bipolar disorder, but it has a narrow therapeutic range and typically requires monitoring

The Lewis structure of the carbonate ion has two ( long ) single bonds to negative oxygen atoms, and one short double bond to a neutral oxygen

For example, Lake Magadi has high concentrations of soda ( sodium carbonate ) and Lake Elmenteita, Lake Bogoria, and Lake Nakuru are all strongly alkaline, while the freshwater springs supplying Lake Naivasha are essential to support its current biological variety.

Karst topography is a geological formation shaped by the dissolution of a layer or layers of soluble bedrock, usually carbonate rock such as limestone or dolomite, but has also been documented for weathering resistant rocks, such as quartzite, given the right conditions.

Just like the shell of a mollusk, a pearl is made up of calcium carbonate in minute crystalline form, which has been deposited in concentric layers.

Freshly exposed, sodium has a bright, silvery luster that rapidly tarnishes, forming a white coating of sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.

Though metallic sodium has some important uses, the major applications of sodium use it in its many compounds ; millions of tons of the chloride, hydroxide, and carbonate are produced annually.

Soil is said to be formed when organic matter has accumulated, and colloids washed downward, leaving deposits of clay, humus, iron oxide, carbonate, and gypsum.

The simplest borate anion, BO < sub > 3 </ sub >< sup > 3 -</ sup >, has a trigonal planar structure and is analogous to the carbonate anion CO < sub > 3 </ sub >< sup > 2 -</ sup >, with which it is isoelectronic.

In modern mineralogy the term natron has come to mean only the sodium carbonate decahydrate ( hydrated soda ash ) which makes up most of the historical salt.

Sodium carbonate decahydrate has a specific gravity of 1. 42 to 1. 47 and a Mohs hardness of 1.

In certain species, such as Helix pomatia, this barrier is reinforced with calcium carbonate, and thus it superficially resembles an operculum, except that it has a tiny hole to allow some oxygen exchange.

According to a research paper from the University of Akron, The center has been eroded, exposing carbonate rocks in the valley.

According to a research paper from the University of Akron, The center has been eroded, exposing carbonate rocks in the valley.

Calcium carbonate has two forms, the stable calcite, and the metastable aragonite, which is stable within a reasonable range of chemical environments but rapidly becomes unstable outside this range.

Geophysicist Don L. Anderson has hypothesized that plate tectonics could not happen without the calcium carbonate laid down by living beings at the edges of subduction zones.

This name initially has been given to the deep underwater sinkholes of Bahamas but often is used for any deep water-filled pits formed in carbonate rocks.

Lithium carbonate has been widely used as an antidepressant during the first half of the nineteenth century.

* Entobia is a boring produced by endolithic clionaid sponges consisting of galleries excavated in a carbonate substrate ; often has swollen chambers with connecting canals.

For example, chalk is made up partly of the microscopic calcium carbonate skeletons of marine plankton, the deposition of which has induced chemical processes ( diagenesis ) to deposit further calcium carbonate.

Though the park is famous for white domes of the Navajo Sandstone, this dome's color is a result of a lingering section of yellow Carmel Formation carbonate, which has stained the underlying rock.

The province has great mineral wealth, and is North Korea's main source of lead, zinc, gold, copper, molybdenum, tungsten, antimony, graphite, apatite, alunite, limestone, calcium carbonate, anthracite and iron ores.

Other historically successful combined cycles have used hot cycles with mercury vapor turbines, magnetohydrodynamic generators or molten carbonate fuel cells, with steam plants for the low temperature " bottoming " cycle.

Sodium carbonate (" soda " or " natron ") and potassium carbonate (" potash ") have been used since antiquity for cleaning and preservation, as well as for the manufacture of glass.

Significant carbonate deposits have not been found on Mars via remote sensing or in situ missions, even though Martian meteorites contain small amounts.

Cement is made by heating limestone ( calcium carbonate ) with small quantities of other materials ( such as clay ) to 1450 ° C in a kiln, in a process known as calcination, whereby a molecule of carbon dioxide is liberated from the calcium carbonate to form calcium oxide, or quicklime, which is then blended with the other materials that have been included in the mix.

Applying this age to the base of the Ediacaran assumes that individual cap carbonates are synchronous around the world and that the correct cap carbonate layers have been correlated between Australian and Namibia.

Primary sedimentary textures and structures of the original carbonate rock ( protolith ) have typically been modified or destroyed.

These plastic casings are usually a composite material made up of a thermoplastic matrix such as acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene ( ABS ) in which calcium carbonate chalk, talc, glass fibers or carbon fibers have been added for added strength, bulk, or electrostatic dispersion.

Limonite pseudomorphs have also been formed from other iron oxides, hematite and magnetite ; from the carbonate siderite and from iron rich silicates such as almandine garnets.

Some researchers have hypothesized a relationship to mood disorders and clinical trials have been conducted with tricyclic antidepressants ,< ref > MAO inhibitors, mianserin, fluoxetine, lithium carbonate, nomifensine, trazodone, and bupropion.

In the past, the term " Clastic Sedimentary Rocks " were used to describe silica-rich clastic sedimentary rocks, however there have been cases of clastic carbonate rocks.

After the above processes have been completed, the resulting paper is coated with a minuscule amount of china clay or calcium carbonate to modify the surface, and the paper is then re-sized depending on its intended purpose.

In addition to replacing carbonate sediments, soft tissues of metazoan embryos, larvae, adults, and algae also appear to have been mineralized.

Limited leaching in Aridisols often results in one or more subsurface soil horizons in which suspended or dissolved minerals have been deposited: silicate clays, sodium, calcium carbonate, gypsum or soluble salts.

In 1941, Phayer suggests that Nogara may have been planning a substantial investment in Iberian tungsten carbonate mining operations ( the " high tech metal of the conflict "), the same year that Germany's invasion of Russia cut off their previous supply of Russian metals.

Sodium carbonate can be mined from this source less expensively than it can be produced by the Solvay process, and with the closing of the original Solvay, New York plant in 1986, there have been no Solvay-based plants operating in North America.

The salt of hartshorn actually refers to two distinct substances, sal ammoniac ( ammonium chloride ), and ammonium carbonate, which have been obtained from oil of hartshorn by dry distillation.