Shot noise is a type of electronic noise that occurs when the finite number of particles ( such as electrons in an electronic circuit or photons in an optical device ) is small enough to give rise to statistical fluctuations in a signal.

* Flash evaporation ( or partial evaporation ) is the partial vaporization that occurs when a saturated liquid stream undergoes a reduction in pressure by passing through a throttling valve or other throttling device.

Then, after the pump energy stored in the laser medium has approached the maximum possible level, the introduced loss mechanism ( often an electro-or acousto-optical element ) is rapidly removed ( or that occurs by itself in a passive device ), allowing lasing to begin which rapidly obtains the stored energy in the gain medium.

In signal processing, phase distortion or phase-frequency distortion is distortion that occurs when ( a ) a filter's phase response is not linear over the frequency range of interest, that is, the phase shift introduced by a circuit or device is not directly proportional to frequency, or ( b ) the zero-frequency intercept of the phase-frequency characteristic is not 0 or an integral multiple of 2π radians.

** Coupling loss, the loss that occurs when energy is transferred from one circuit, optical device, or medium to another

An example of deliberate elision occurs in Latin poetry as a stylistic device.

" The patent claimed " no thyristor action occurs under any device operating conditions.

For example, the musicologist Rudolf Steglich has suggested that Handel used the device of the " ascending fourth " as a unifying motif ; this device most noticeably occurs in the first two notes of " I know that my Redeemer liveth " and on numerous other occasions.

The term " boiler " should not be used for a supercritical pressure steam generator, as no " boiling " actually occurs in this device.

While both critics and proponents often agree that much of the highly detailed simulation effort in the field may never result in a physical device, the dichotomy between the two groups is exemplified by the situation in which proponents of molecular nanotechnology contend that many complicated molecular machinery designs will be realizable after an unspecified " assembler breakthrough " envisioned by K. Eric Drexler, while critics contend that this attitude embodies wishful thinking equivalent to that in the famous Sidney Harris cartoon ( ISBN 0-913232-39-4 ) " And then a miracle occurs " published in the American Scientist magazine.

A momentary exception to this rule occurs during the initial phase of the addition to the network of a previously unconfigured device.

A network collision occurs when more than one device attempts to send a packet on a network segment at the same time.

This is why it's easy to replace the usual bootstrap code found in an MBR with more complex loaders, even large multi-functional boot managers ( programs stored elsewhere on the device which can run without an operating system ), allowing users a number of choices in what occurs next.

This occurs in 2 % of cases and the device must be removed.

Flash ( or partial ) evaporation is the partial vapor that occurs when a saturated liquid stream undergoes a reduction in pressure by passing through a throttling valve or other throttling device.

If the throttling valve or device is located at the entry into a pressure vessel so that the flash evaporation occurs within the vessel, then the vessel is often referred to as a flash drum.

The action of detection occurs when the radio frequency signal somehow breaks down the insulating film of oil, allowing the device to conduct, operating the receiving sounder wired in series.

The actual clamping occurs in roughly one picosecond, but in a practical circuit the inductance of the wires leading to the device imposes a higher limit.

This occurs when the load resistance ( of the device in question ) is equal to the internal Thevenin equivalent resistance of the power source.

False bypass ( or simply ' bypass ') occurs when the signal is routed through the device circuitry with buffering and no other intentional change to the signal.

Mandella marries Marygay and they move to the planet " Middle Finger ", one of a handful of worlds where traditional procreation occurs as a " eugenic safety device ", to raise children.

The typical failure mode occurs when the triggering voltage rises so high that the device becomes ineffective, although lightning surges can occasionally cause a dead short.

This occurs up to a point known as the “ reverse breakdown voltage ” when conduction begins ( often accompanied by destruction of the device ).

One manufacturer who held an allegedly basic patent said: `` I would readily put over $50,000 into the manufacture of the device, but it is so easy to make that we would enter immediately into a prolonged ordeal of patent litigation which would eat up all our profits ''.

One ansible-like device which predates Le Guin's is the Dirac communicator in James Blish's 1954 short story " Beep ".

One can view criminalization as a procedure deployed by society as a pre-emptive, harm-reduction device, using the threat of punishment as a deterrent to anyone proposing to engage in the behavior causing harm.

Cervantes's meta-fictional device was to make even the characters in the story familiar with the publication of Part One, as well as with an actually published fraudulent Part Two.

One such example is the centuries-old debate about Hamlet's hesitation to kill his uncle, which some see as a mere plot device to prolong the action, but which others argue is a dramatization of the complex philosophical and ethical issues that surround cold-blooded murder, calculated revenge, and thwarted desire.

: One century ago, in November 1904, John Ambrose Fleming FRS, Pender Professor at UCL, filed in Great Britain, for a device called the Thermionic Valve.

* In the episodes " Day One " and " End of Days ", Captain Jack Harkness uses a green device somewhat similar to a sonic screwdriver.

One problem with multistage reusable rockets is the difficulty of reusing even the first stage, and the development cost of such a large device.

One proposed current application for the device is a waste pump, in factories and mills where normal vane-type turbine pumps typically get blocked.

One example of the exercise of this device was to condition allocation of federal funding where certain state laws do not conform to federal guidelines.

* One year later in 1983, the Natalie Wood / Christopher Walken film Brainstorm revolved around the production, use, and misuse of a VR device.

One popular program for converting Spectrum files from tape is Taper ; it allows connecting a cassette tape player to the line in port of a sound card, or — through a simple home-built device — to the parallel port of a PC.

One use of this is wireless push technology, by pushing data across wireless networks, this coordinates the link transfers and pushes data between the backend and wireless device only when an established connection is found.

An early example of the frame story, or framing device, is employed in the One Thousand and One Nights, in which the character Scheherazade narrates a set of tales ( most often fairy tales ) to the Sultan Shahriyar over many nights.

Several tales in the One Thousand and One Nights use this device to foreshadow what is going to happen, as a special form of literary prolepsis.

The literary device of the unreliable narrator was used in several fictional medieval Arabic tales of the One Thousand and One Nights.

One method uses friction to apply the needed torque: the gyroscope in a gyrocompass is not completely free to reorient itself ; if for instance a device connected to the axis is immersed in a viscous fluid, then that fluid will resist reorientation of the axis.

One variation on the tape punch was a device called a Chadless Printing Reperforator.

One or more paper clips can make a loopback device for a RS232 interface ( or indeed many interfaces ).

; Radiated emissions: One or more antennas are used to measure the amplitude of the electromagnetic waves that a device emits.