The obscure and extravagant imagery has led to a wide variety of interpretations: historicist interpretations see in Revelation a broad view of history ; preterist interpretations treat Revelation as mostly referring to the events of the apostolic era ( 1st century ), or -- at the latest -- the fall of the Roman Empire ; futurists believe that Revelation describes future events ; and idealist or symbolic interpretations consider that Revelation does not refer to actual people or events, but is an allegory of the spiritual path and the ongoing struggle between good and evil.

There is also a particular view in ecclesiastical history and in the history of dogmas which has been described as historicist by Pope Pius XII in the encyclical Humani Generis.

Advent Christian theologians, such as John H. Crouse, advocated an historicist view of the Book of Revelation, regarding it as a description of events from the time of the early church up to the second coming.

" In his view, Plato's historicist ideas are driven by a fear of the change that comes with such a liberal worldview.

Hence, Lenin was philosophically positioned between historicist Marxism ( Labriola ) and determinist Marxism — a political position close to " social Darwinism " ( Kautsky ).

The historicist method is what led reformers throughout Europe to declare that the Pope was the man of sin sitting on the seven hills of Rome.

Although it is largely disputed whether Strauss himself was a historicist, he often indicated that historicism grew out of Christianity and was a threat to civic participation, a belief in human agency, religious pluralism, and, most controversially, an accurate understanding of the classical philosophers and religious prophets themselves.

Désiré Charnay, the first archaeologist to work at Tula, Hidalgo, defended the historicist views based on his impression of the Toltec capital, and was the first to note similarities in architectural styles between Tula and Chichén Itza.

Certain specific incidents in the fictional Keating's career are pointed to by Heynick as having been drawn from Hood's real-life career, such as their both suddenly gaining national fame by winning the highly-publicized skyscraper contest for a media corporation in the early 1920s with a design in the historicist style, and their both heading the committee for a " modernistic " World's Fair in the 1930s from which the hero architect ( Howard Roark in the novel, Frank Lloyd Wright in real-life ) was excluded.

While Vico was not, strictly speaking, a historicist, interest in him has often been driven by historicists ( such as Isaiah Berlin and Hayden White ).

He was the chief theoretical influence of French naturalism, a major proponent of sociological positivism, and one of the first practitioners of historicist criticism.

Vukovar was characteristic for its architecture from the 18th century with covered porticos ( arcades ) and later historicist buildings, until the war in 1991 which resulted in a systematic destruction of the entire town.

In 1894, when he became Professor of Architecture at the Academy of Fine Arts Vienna, he was well advanced on his path toward a more radical opposition to the prevailing currents of historicist architecture.

The 20th century saw more purely historical inquiries, free of sectarian bias ; an early historicist classic in this field of study was Jean Seznec's The Survival of the Pagan Gods: the mythological tradition and its place in Renaissance humanism and the arts.

* Ottendorfer House – a red-brick historicist building with a tower, it is one of the symbols of the town, built in 1892 by the locally born philanthropist, the American journalist Valentin Oswald Ottendorfer on the site of the cottage where his was born.

To judge from his sketchbooks at the Victoria and Albert Museum, one might have expected an eclectic historicist, but Godwin, by no means a tame reproducer of antiquarian Gothic designs, was among the first to extend the European design repertory to include the arts of Japan, which had been opened to the Western world in 1853.

To alleviate the problem of the facade's integration into Torres's building, Constantino Candeira designed a great staircase and vestibule, in the historicist style, that was accessed through the Baroque facade.

Another such " historicist " movement in art was the Nazarene movement in Germany, which took inspiration from the so-called Italian " primitive " school of devotional paintings ( i. e., before the age of Raphael and the discovery of oil painting ).

Post-modern architecture experiments, in both the ' historicist ' and deconstructivist modes made an appearance in the 1980s, though the style was relatively muted in its expression.

In 1864, he started designing his first buildings in the historicist style.

The 18th century witnessed the rise of a first authentically historicist imagination, one that attempted to picture the cultures of the distant past as truly different in kind, not merely in curious detail and superstitious idolatry.

The historicist position by Hegel suggests that any human society and all human activities such as science, art, or philosophy, are defined by their history, so that their essence can be sought only through understanding that.

The objection he makes is that historicist positions, by claiming that there is an inevitable and deterministic pattern to history, abrogate the democratic responsibility of each one of us to make our own free contributions to the evolution of society, and hence lead to totalitarianism.

As far as it is a reflexive practice philosophy always already incorporates its own considering e. g. by appealing to its own tradition, to its opponents or to its history ; thus historicist philosophies, such as Hegel's, are metaphilosophies without mention of the term.

This major figure in The Fountainhead epitomized the " second-hander " who – in stark opposition to the uncompromising and innovative hero of the novel, Howard Roark, and exemplified in real life by Frank Lloyd Wright, whom Rand idolized – adapts the classicist and historicist Old World architectural styles to the new American medium of the skyscraper, and then goes on to adopt modernism as soon as this becomes safely fashionable.

However, Eliade argues against those he calls " historicist or existentialist philosophers " who do not recognize " man in general " behind particular men produced by particular situations ( Eliade cites Immanuel Kant as the likely forerunner of this kind of " historicism ").

A number of historicist composers have been influenced by their intimate familiarity with the instrumental practices of earlier periods ( Hendrik Bouman, Grant Colburn, Michael Talbot, Alexandre Danilevsky, Paulo Galvão, Roman Turovsky-Savchuk ).

The Earliest Church not Pre-but Postmillennial " by Francis Nigel Lee, promoting a postmillennial, historicist eschatology

Mizner's buildings were typically dismissed by Modernist critics for their eclectic historicist aesthetic.

* Langer villa ( Present city hall ) – historicist building with rich stucco ornamentation, localed at the edge of Jan Palach Park, built in 1892 by architect Hugo Wanderley, son of Professor Germano Wanderley, designer of the building, who also designed the Ottendorfer House.

The gardens surrounding Linderhof Palace are considered one of the most beautiful creations of historicist garden design, designed by Court Garden Director Carl von Effner.

In recent decades the historicist position has fallen out of favor for a more critical and interpretive approach to the historicity of the Aztec mythical accounts based on the original approach of Brinton.

Philosopher Sidney Hook praised The Open Society and its Enemies as a " subtly argued and passionately written " critique of the " historicist ideas that threaten the love of freedom the existence of an open society ".

The historicist school of thought persisted well in to the 20th century, represented in the works of scholars such as David Carrasco, Miguel León Portilla, Nigel Davies and H. B. Nicholson which all held the Toltecs to have been an actual ethnic group.

The project has generated controversy: critics have described the new landmark buildings as signs of a reactionary historicist aesthetics.

In the nineteenth and early twentieth century heyday of historicist architecture, however, most historicist synagogues, even the most magnificent ones, did not attempt a pure style, or even any particular style, and are best described as eclectic.

In Scandinavia and the Slavic parts of Europe especially, " national romanticism " provided a series of answers to the 19th-century search for styles that would be culturally meaningful and evocative, yet not merely historicist.

In 1927, a designated committee produced a historicist version that undid several of Esnaola's changes, albeit introducing new problems in the sung line.

" The backward look transforms its object ," Siegfried Giedion wrote of historicist architectural styles ; " every spectator at every period — at every moment, indeed — inevitably transforms the past according to his own nature.

His brief career encompassed works on a variety of subjects common in the art of the period, including the Romantic fascination with Orientalist themes, historicist genre painting, military painting of Spanish colonial expansion, as well as a prescient loosening of brush-stroke and color.

Training at the École as an architect-designer, even as late as the early 20th century, meant an immersion in what is today known as Beaux-Arts Neoclassicism, a historicist architectural style that sought to train architects — and artists — to stay within the grand traditions that began with the Greeks, passed through Rome and then the Renaissance, and emerged as the dominant style of French culture.