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This host response has been termed systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( SIRS ) and is characterized by an elevated heart rate ( above 90 beats per minute ), high respiratory rate ( above 20 breaths per minute or a partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood of less than 32 ), abnormal white blood cell count ( above 12, 000, lower than 4, 000, or greater than 10 % band forms ) and elevated or lowered body temperature, i. e. under or over.
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host and response
They can be exported in the apoptotic bodies that pinch off from the surface of the dying cell and the fact that they are engulfed by phagocytes prevents the initiation of a host response.
If an organism ( such as bacteria ) attaches to a valve surface and forms a vegetation, the host immune response is blunted.
Interferons ( IFNs ) are proteins made and released by host cells in response to the presence of pathogens such as viruses, bacteria, parasites or tumor cells.
In response to stress, the activated prophage is excised from the DNA of the host cell by one of the newly expressed gene products and enters its lytic pathway.
Any situation where a lysogen undergoes DNA damage or the SOS response of the host is otherwise stimulated leads to induction.
# The host cell, containing a dormant phage genome, experiences DNA damage due to a high stress environment, and starts to undergo the SOS response.
While this state is highly stable, it can switch to the lytic pathway in the process of prophage induction, which occurs when the host SOS response is triggered by DNA damage.
In an interview on NBC's Meet the Press, Louis Farrakhan said the following in response to host Tim Russert's question on the Nation of Islam's teachings on race:
Toxins produced by microorganisms are important virulence determinants responsible for microbial pathogenicity and / or evasion of the host immune response.
Ping operates by sending Internet Control Message Protocol ( ICMP ) echo request packets to the target host and waiting for an ICMP response.
The specific glycoproteins coating sperm cells are also utilized by some cancerous and bacterial cells, some parasitic worms, and HIV-infected white blood cells, thereby avoiding an immune response from the host organism.
This disruption of host cell protein kinase activity causes apoptosis of macrophages, and it has been proposed that this is important for the establishment of infection and for evasion of the host immune response.
The mechanism for mosquito saliva-induced alteration of the host immune response is unclear, but the data have become increasingly convincing that such an effect occurs.
Lipophosphoglycan is used by the parasite to promote its survival in the host and the mechanisms by which the parasite does this center around modulating the immune response of the host.
S. pyogenes has several virulence factors that enable it to attach to host tissues, evade the immune response, and spread by penetrating host tissue layers.
The putative mechanism is that the parasite attenuates the host immune response in order to protect itself.
* Molecular Mimicry-An exogenous antigen may share structural similarities with certain host antigens ; thus, any antibody produced against this antigen ( which mimics the self-antigens ) can also, in theory, bind to the host antigens, and amplify the immune response.
The host immune response involves cytotoxic ( CD8-positive ) T cells against infected B lymphocytes, resulting in enlarged, atypical lymphocytes ( Downey cells ).
Coevolution between pairs of entities ( often referred to as pairwise coevolution ) exists, such as that between predator and prey, host and symbiont or host and parasite, but many cases are less clearcut: a species may evolve in response to a number of other species, each of which is also evolving in response to a set of species.
host and has
In fact it has caused us to give serious thought to moving our residence south, because it is not easy for the most objective Southerner to sit calmly by when his host is telling a roomful of people that the only way to deal with Southerners who oppose integration is to send in troops and shoot the bastards down.
For some coccidiomorphs, the original host has become the intermediate host while in others it has become the definitive host.
Clustered around the Sobu Main line, what began as a host of electrical stores selling vacuum tubes, radio goods and electrical items to the students, has today come to be known as Electric Town.
A recent study has showed that these nylon-3 polymers can either mimic host defense peptides or act as signals to stimulate 3T3 stem cell function.
He has been prime-time host of a record 9 Olympic games.
He has been an in-studio host for NBC's National Football League coverage and a play-by-play man for National Basketball Association and Major League Baseball coverage.
Since 2011 the town has also been host to the annual Charlie Chaplin Comedy Film Festival, which was founded to celebrate Chaplin's legacy and to showcase new comic talent.
Once the virus has infected the cell, it will start replicating itself, using the mechanisms of the infected host cell.
Since then, the cane toad has become a pest in many host countries, and poses a serious threat to native animals.
Copacabana Beach plays host to millions of revellers during the annual New Year's Eve celebrations and, in most years, has been the official venue of the FIFA Beach Soccer World Cup.
When an infected host cell is starved for various nutrients such as amino acids ( for example, tryptophan ), iron, or vitamins, this has a negative consequence for Chlamydiae since the organism is dependent on the host cell for these nutrients.
More recently, beginning at the 1997 CHOGM, the meeting has had an official ' theme ', set by the host nation, on which the primary discussions have been focused.
However, because eukaryotic DNA has introns, and prokaryotes lack the machinery for removing introns from transcribed RNA, to make this approach work, all intron sequences must be removed from eukaryotic DNA prior to transferring it into the host.
Djibouti has been the host country for French military units since independence.
Today, influx of Standard Swedish and Standard Danish vocabulary has generally meant that Scanian and Bornholmian are closer to the modern national standards of their respective host nations than to each other.
The O < sub > 2 </ sub > venue in the Dublin Docklands has played host to many world renowned performers.
The United States has had a tendency to be generous when granting diplomatic immunity to visiting diplomats, because a large number of U. S. diplomats work in host countries less protective of individual rights.
Sitch has claimed that none of the characters were directly based on a single person, and indeed the character of Moore was a combination of well-known characteristics of several high-profile television figures, including A Current Affair host Ray Martin, Martin's predecessor Mike Willesee, and Real Life host Stan Grant.
host and been
Viola had been urged to attend, by telephone, and not knowing the host or the character of the party, she had gone.
Attila's host, according to Jordanes, included contingents from the " innumerable tribes that had been brought under his sway.
Historically, these claims — alongside those of well poisoning and host desecration — have been a major theme in European persecution of Jews.
The loss of these seas greatly altered habitats, removing coastal plains that ten million years before had been host to diverse communities such as are found in rocks of the Dinosaur Park Formation.
Of particular interest have been the genetic mechanisms by which cholera bacteria turn on the protein production of the toxins that interact with host cell mechanisms to pump chloride ions into the small intestine, creating an ionic pressure which prevents sodium ions from entering the cell.
Families in this group have been assigned on the basis of the nature of the genome ( circular or linear ) and the host range.
Various methods have been used for this, including a pre-existing address list of possibly working nodes shipped with the software, using updated web caches of known nodes ( called Gnutella Web Caches ), UDP host caches and, rarely, even IRC.
Beck and his crew were able to obtain library music from a host of older films ( music tracks that had been composed by Henry Mancini, Hans J. Salter, and even a track from Heinz Roemheld ).
While some genetically modified plants are developed by the introduction of a gene originating from distant, sexually incompatible species into the host genome, cisgenic plants contain genes that have been isolated either directly from the host species or from sexually compatible species.
Since 1983, Shearer has been the host of the public radio comedy / music program Le Show on Santa Monica's NPR-affiliated radio station, KCRW.
The Hoosier Dome, which was later renamed the RCA Dome, had been built specifically for and was ready to host an NFL expansion team.
The IPv6 subnet size has been standardized by fixing the size of the host identifier portion of an address to 64 bits to facilitate an automatic mechanism for forming the host identifier from link-layer media addressing information ( MAC address ).
The main ground at the Salt Lake campus has been leased out to the Cricket Association of Bengal and it often plays host to inter-and intrastate cricket matches.
The city has been host to a number of successful domestic cricket teams including Karachi, Karachi Blues, Karachi Greens, and Karachi Whites.
It was an almost ritualized friendship formed between a host and his guest, who could previously have been strangers.
It has been host to the famous 24 Hours of Le Mans sports car race since 1923.
The longer and more famous Circuit de la Sarthe is composed partly of public roads, which are closed to the public when the track is in use for racing, and has been host to the famous 24 Hours of Le Mans sports car race since 1923.
1.411 seconds.