While macroeconomics is a broad field of study, there are two areas of research that are emblematic of the discipline: the attempt to understand the causes and consequences of short-run fluctuations in national income ( the business cycle ), and the attempt to understand the determinants of long-run economic growth ( increases in national income ).

Here, the goal is simply to reduce the short-run risk of exploitation of a vulnerability in the main components of the system.

The " short-run Phillips curve " is also called the " expectations-augmented Phillips curve ", since it shifts up when inflationary expectations rise, Edmund Phelps and Milton Friedman argued.

This is nothing but a steeper version of the short-run Phillips curve above.

where b is a positive constant, U is unemployment, and U < sub > n </ sub > is the natural rate of unemployment or NAIRU, we arrive at the final form of the short-run Phillips curve:

That is, it results in more inflation at each short-run unemployment rate.

This shifts the short-run Phillips curve upward and rightward, so that more inflation is seen at any given unemployment rate.

This shifts the short-run Phillips curve downward and leftward, so that less inflation is seen at each unemployment rate.

In this model, labour mobility between industries is possible while capital is immobile between industries in the short-run.

During the summer, the program ends at 7: 30 and is followed by a half-hour program from the network's schedule of short-run summer series.

In the short-run, as the economy is adjusting to the shock but before it has reached the new equilibrium, the shock will often cause productivity to fall and unemployment, as well as the closure of any firms that are now non-viable in the new environment.

Known for his enduring economic modelling of the firm, including the long-and short-run cost curves, his work is still used today.

It airs weekdays starting at 8: 37 a. m. local time and runs until 10 a. m. for most of the year, although during the summer the program airs until 9: 30 a. m. and the remaining half hour is filled with a program from the network's schedule of short-run summer programs.

Metrosexuality is a British television drama, which aired on Channel 4 in 2001 as a short-run series of six episodes.

Sheet-fed litho is commonly used for printing of short-run magazines, brochures, letter headings, and general commercial ( jobbing ) printing.

Herzberg argues that these provide only short-run success because the motivator factors that determine whether there is satisfaction or no satisfaction are intrinsic to the job itself, and do not result from carrot and stick incentives.

Critics of the theory argue that money velocity is not stable and, in the short-run, prices are sticky, so the direct relationship between money supply and price level does not hold.

BiblioVault is also associated with a digital printing center within the Chicago Distribution Center for short-run printing ( and automated physical warehouse restocking ) of titles stored in the repository.

Average variable cost ( which is a short-run concept ) is the variable cost ( typically labor cost ) per unit of output: SRAVC

The LRAC curve is created as an envelope of an infinite number of short-run average total cost curves, each based on a particular fixed level of capital usage.

We have proved so able to solve technological problems that to contend we cannot realize a universal goal in the immediate future is to be extremely shortsighted, if nothing else.

The goal is to enlist all available economic resources in the industrialized Free World, especially private investment capital.

If Jews are identified as a religious body in a controversy that comes before a national or international tribunal, it is obviously compatible with the goal of human dignity to protect freedom of worship.

) The stated goal of the CJS is the synthesis of jazz and `` serious '' music.

Does this suggest that the Congo is fit for nationhood or that UN is making any progress whatever toward its goal of so making it??

Since the goal of our international planners is a World Government, this Atlantic Community would mark a giant step in that direction for, once American economic autonomy is absorbed, a larger grouping is a question of time.

This is our singular goal.

One of the greatest obstacles to the achievement of this goal is the lack of trained men and women with the skill to teach the young and assist in the operation of development projects -- men and women with the capacity to cope with the demands of swiftly evolving economics, and with the dedication to put that capacity to work in the villages, the mountains, the towns and the factories of dozens of struggling nations.

Peak action photography is your goal at Miami's Seaquarium and the Cypress Gardens waterskiing events.

It is, obviously, a proper goal of research to improve on this property.

Finally, whatever the techniques used, a twin goal is common to all preventive casework service: to cushion or reduce the force of the stress impact while at the same time to encourage and support family members to mobilize and use their ego capacities.

Obviously, the goal here proposed is the guiding principle in Mr. Justice Frankfurter's opinions -- to the extent that Congress leaves the problem to judicial discretion.

In so far as this goal is achieved, the society becomes more fluid, artificial barriers to social mobility are reduced, and people at the lower end of the social hierarchy share more fully in the material and cultural goods of society.

What then is the status of such questions as: is society the ground of human existence or a means to an individual goal??

The first step toward the goal is the establishment of a new atmosphere of mutual good will and friendly communication on other than the polemical level.

It follows that victory over Communism is the dominant, proximate goal of American policy.

The Kremlin's goal is the isolation and capture, not of Ghana, but of the United States -- and this purpose may be served very well by countries that masquerade under a `` neutralist '' mask, yet in fact are dependable auxiliaries of the Soviet Foreign Office.

`` Our most immediate goal is to increase public awareness of the movement '', he indicated, `` and to tell them what this will mean for the town ''.

`` As we look to the $800 billion economy that is predicted for 1970 and the increase of about 40% in consumer expenditures that will be required to reach that goal, management can well be restless about how this tremendous volume and number of new products will be created and marketed '', Peterson said.

That is the goal of two new collections being introduced in Dallas this month.

`` This is a mighty empty country '', Morgan said.

This is the Rafter Aj.

Laurel is gone, my men are gone, Ed is dead -- and you come to me, to help me.

But California is where we're goin ''.

Clayton is with him, takin him out of the valley.

His wife had said to him: `` Nellie is in love with Clayton Roy.

California is too far, he thought.

`` The main bunch is outside, but there are some over there inside the wall ''.

`` No telling how good this horse is '', Mike panted.

My God, how long is he going to wait, I thought.

`` Gray Eyes is back,, Montero said.

`` This is Mitchell Barton.

That's really all he's got, all he is.

that is, to show no curiosity whatsoever.

`` But to take him and leave his mother behind is not good ''.

`` Exterminatin' cow thieves is just a business proposition with me '', he'd blandly announce.

It is possible, although highly doubtful, that he killed none at all but merely let his reputation work for him by privately claiming every unsolved murder in the state.

It is also possible, but equally doubtful, that he actually shot down the hundreds of men with which his legend credits him.

( The best evidence is that he received a monthly wage of about $125, very good money in an era when top hands worked for $30 and found.

He started toward the stairway, then turned to add, `` Tell her to come to Adams's room, that Adams is in trouble.

Even the knowledge that she was losing another boy, as a mother always does when a marriage is made, did not prevent her from having the first carefree, dreamless sleep that she had known since they dropped down the canyon and into Bear Valley, way, way back there when they were crossing those other mountains.

Let me pass over the trip to Sante Fe with something of the same speed which made Mrs. Roebuck `` wonduh if the wahtahm speed limit '' ( 35 m.p.h. ) `` is still in ee-faket ''.

I seized the rack and made a western-style flying-mount just in time, one of my knees mercifully landing on my duffel bag -- and merely wrecking my camera, I was to discover later -- my other knee landing on the slivery truck floor boards and -- but this is no medical report.

One of my virtues or vices is a sort of three-dimensional imagination complete with sound effects and glorious living color.