In 1947 and 1948 the necessity of massive coordinated efforts to achieve economic recovery led to the formation of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation to supervise and coordinate the uses of American aid under the Marshall Plan.

Ambrose was the only Father of the Church to leave behind so many writings on the subject and his attentions naturally enough led to the formation of communities which later became formal monasteries of women.

Longshore drift has deposited sediment along the shoreline which has led to the formation of a spit ( landform ) | spit, Sinemorets, Bulgaria

Later reactivation of faults at the base of the formation led to its disintegration from about.

Olson's support in 1991 of Supreme Court nominee Clarence Thomas led to the formation of the Independent Women's Forum.

The Barcelonnette region was populated by Ligures from the first millenium BC onwards, and the arrival of the Celts several centuries later led to the formation of a mixed Celto-Ligurian people, the Vesubians.

Miltiades ordered the two tribes that were forming the center of the Greek formation, the Leontis tribe led by Themistocles and the Antiochis tribe led by Aristides, to be arranged in the depth of four ranks while the rest of the tribes at their flanks were in ranks of eight.

The growth of the population of ancient civilizations, the formation of ancient empires concentrating political power, and the growth in commerce and manufacturing led to ever greater capital cities and centres of commerce and industry, with Alexandria, Antioch and Seleucia of the Hellenistic civilization, Pataliputra ( now Patna ) in India, Chang ' an ( now Xi ' an ) in China, Carthage, ancient Rome, its eastern successor Constantinople ( later Istanbul ).

Calcium isotope fractionation during mineral formation has led to several applications of calcium isotopes.

With what can crudely be summed up as a clash of ideologies between an expansion of ITV's commercial ethos and a public service approach more akin to the BBC, it was ultimately something of a compromise that eventually led to the formation of Channel 4 as launched in 1982.

Until the formation of a national council in 1961, supporters and local groups had no formal voice in the national organisation, which until then had been led by the self-appointed executive committee.

For example, the formation of the modern states of Germany and Italy in the 19th century is closely associated with the wars of expansion and consolidation led by Prussia and Sardinia, respectively.

This has led to the formation of detailed " dosing schemes " in most hospitals, which give guidance on the correct dose and adjustment in case of toxicity.

Tamari claims that wars, such as the Sosso-Malinke war described in the Sunjata epic, led to the formation of blacksmith and bard castes among the people that ultimately became the Mali empire.

The elimination of central control over production decisions, especially in the consumer goods sector, led to the breakdown in traditional supplier − producer relationships without contributing to the formation of new ones.

Following World War I, an upsurge of political consciousness throughout the Caribbean led to the formation of the representative government association.

Independence did little to solve problems stemming from centuries of economic underdevelopment, and in mid-1979, political discontent led to the formation of an interim government, led by Oliver Seraphin.

Removal of the forests led to decreased transpiration, resulting in the formation of upland peat bogs.

A resulting schism over the legitimacy of these changes led to the formation of the Restoration Branches movement, the Restoration Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints and the Remnant Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints.

The formation of the Latin League led by Laevius ( or Baebius ) Egerius happened under the influence of an alliance with the tyrant of Cuma Aristodemos and is probably connected to the political events at end of the 6th century narrated by Livy and Dionysius, such as the siege of Aricia by Porsenna's son Arruns.

Political developments, including the formation and growth of the Tanganyika African National Union ( TANU ), led to Tanganyika attaining independence from colonial rule in December 1961.

European integration led to the formation of the Council of Europe and the European Union in Western Europe, both of which have been expanding eastward since the fall of the Soviet Union in 1991.

Legal setbacks led to the formation of the Green Mountain Boys, whom Allen led in a campaign of intimidation and property destruction to drive New York settlers from the Grants.

Berwick's status as a Scottish club, led to the anomaly of them being the only team in the Scottish leagues who were subject to the implementation of the Taylor report following the Hillsborough disaster in 1989.

There he led the BBC's coverage of the Clapham rail crash, the Kegworth M1 air crash, the Lockerbie bombing, Hillsborough and the Marchioness riverboat disaster.

A month earlier, he played in the FA Cup semi-final win over Nottingham Forest which was played at Old Trafford after the original match at Hillsborough was cancelled due to the tragedy that led to 96 fans dying on terracing just behind Grobbelaar's goal.

In response to the Hillsborough disaster of April 1989, an inquiry led by Lord Taylor of Gosforth was launched into crowd safety at sports grounds.

However, the periodic occurrence of tragedies related to standing room only areas at football matches such as at Hillsborough and Guatemala City have led to calls to eliminate such arrangements.

The Axis occupation of Yugoslavia in 1941 allowed the Croatian radical right Ustaše to come into power, forming the " Independent State of Croatia ", led by Ante Pavelić, who assumed the role of Poglavnik (" Head-man ") Nezavisne Drzave Hrvatske (" Leader of the Independent State of Croatia ").

In 2002, the government adopted the Prevention of Corruption Act, which led to the setting up of an Independent Commission Against Corruption ( ICAC ) a few months later.

Meanwhile, nationalist agitation led by the National Independent League ( Liga Nacional Independiente ) increased.

On 25 September 1991 BAe directors led by CEO Richard Evans ousted the Chairman Professor Sir Roland Smith in a move described by The Independent as " one of the most spectacular and brutal boardroom coups witnessed in many years.

In 1933, workers, led by itinerant butcher Frank Ellis, formed the Independent Union of All Workers and conducted one of the nation's first successful sit-down strikes ; the union would later join the Congress of Industrial Organizations ( CIO, later AFL-CIO ).

Independent groups were formed and led by John G. Bennett and Mrs. Staveley.

Feng Baiju led the Hainan Independent Column of fighters throughout the 1930s and 1940s.

coalition that was led by the National Federation of Independent Business and included the U. S. Chamber of Commerce, the Health

This led to a situation where a successful company could be closed down through no fault of its own ; to prevent this the governing body of ITV, the Independent Television Authority, ordered a merger with the existing London weekday company Rediffusion, with ABC having majority control of the new operation.

He is known for his involvement the Independent News & Media Group, which he led from 1973 to 2009, and as former CEO and Chairman of the H. J.

A libel lawsuit brought by San Francisco lawyer and Jewish farm cooperative organizer Aaron Sapiro in response to anti-Semitic remarks led Ford to close the Independent in December 1927.

The most famous Independent Counsel was Kenneth Starr, whose report led to the impeachment of President Bill Clinton.

Independent secret development by the German group of Cranz, Schardin, and Thomanek led to the first documented use of shaped charges in warfare, in a successful assault on the fortress of Eben Emael on 10 May 1940.

Harris, but soon led by his widow Mary Lee Cagle, and a group ( also called the Holiness Church of Christ ), that resulted in November 1904 at Rising Star, Texas from the prior merger of The Holiness Church ( founded in 1888 in Texas ) and the Independent Holiness Church ( formed at Van Alstyne, Texas in 1901, and led by Charles B. Jernigan and J. B. Chapman ).

Left-wing members of the party, led by Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg, strongly opposed the war, and the SPD soon suffered a split, with the leftists forming the Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany ( USPD ) and the more radical Spartacist League.

The songs eventually attracted the interest of the Los Angeles, California A & R company Taxi ( Independent A & R ), and HitPredictor co-founder and FG Records / Earshot head Doug Ford which ultimately led to the signing of a record deal with the FG Records / Earshot division of Columbia Records.

In the early 1980s, Bill Shearer led the American Independent Party into the Populist Party.

Independent investigations carried on by him into the condition of lunatic asylums led again to business difficulties and failure, but he took a small lodging in the Old Bailey, keeping himself and his now large family by contributions to magazines and reviews.

This proposal, however, led to severe opposition from the Independent TDs who supported the government at the time and had to be deferred.

In 1928, the Union of Regular Baptist Churches of Ontario and Quebec ( led by Thomas Todhunter Shields ) broke away from the Baptist Convention of Ontario and Quebec as a result of the fundamentalist / modernist controversy, while the Fellowship of Independent Baptist Churches was formed in 1933.

The WBF was again divided in 1984, when a group led by Raymond W. Barber established the Independent Baptist Fellowship International and the Norris Bible Baptist Institute.