** The National Movement of the Revolution is instituted as the sole legal political party in the Republic of Congo.

During his report at the seventh party congress in 1967, Erich Honecker had called for a return to an orthodox Socialist economic system, away from the recently instituted New Economic System.

However, the Viet Minh were not in a position to do this, having instituted a party purge of ' disloyal ' Communists as well as a highly disruptive land reform program in the two years since the Geneva agreement.

The reforms instituted a free market system along neoliberal lines in addition to the centrally planned economy, with any production in excess of government quotas allowed to be traded on the free market, all under the one party rule of the Communist Party.

Indeed, Banzer's party claimed authorship of some of the most important neoliberal economic reforms instituted by Víctor Paz to curb galloping hyperinflation, repress the ever-troublesome labor unions, and reduce the size of the government.

After narrow defeat in the general election of 1964 Douglas-Home resigned the leadership of his party, having instituted a new and less secretive method of electing the party leader.

This usually leads to its party leader being instituted as formator of the cabinet.

Instead of workers ' councils, the Bolsheviks had instituted the rule of their party, which in Pannekoek's view is what led to the institution of the Bolsheviks as a new ruling class.

The following year, President Ben Ali instituted economic reforms increasing economic privatization and renamed the party the Constitutional Democratic Rally ( RCD ).

In 1974, Mujib proclaimed a State of Emergency and amended the constitution to limit the powers of the legislative and judicial branches, established a one man, single party executive presidency, and instituted a one-party system.

MacLean led the party to victory in 1979, and formed a government that emphasized rural community life, banned new shopping malls and instituted a Royal Commission to examine land use and sprawl.

After achieving independence, PAIGC was instituted as the sole legal political party of Guinea-Bissau and Cape Verde.

Erzberger was once more returned to the Reichstag at the general election of January 1920, but in accordance with the wish of his party abstained from immediate participation in politics, as proceedings had been instituted against him on a charge of evading taxation.

On March 21, 1947, concerned with Soviet subversive penetration and infiltration into the United States government by American citizens who held oaths of allegiance to a foreign power during war time, President Harry S Truman instituted a Loyalty Program, requiring loyalty oaths and background investigations on persons deemed suspect of holding party membership in organizations that advocated violent and anti-democratic programs.

Shortly after responsible government was instituted in 1854, the Methodists left the party to join the Anglicans in the Conservative Party, leaving the Liberals as a ( largely Irish ) Catholic party.

Richert instituted a formal party membership system in November 1996, and recruited a small Policy Board which would work to organize a formal party structure.

As a consequence, it becomes less likely that any ' third party ' action to be instituted by the government will be handled this year.

Under, any third party may intervene in opposition proceedings after the 9-month opposition period has expired, if the third party proves that "( a ) proceedings for infringement of the same patent have been instituted against him, or ( b ) following a request of the proprietor of the patent to cease alleged infringement, the third party has instituted proceedings for a ruling that he is not infringing the patent.

The party had its roots in a movement against the Swedish government's decision in 1963 to remove religious education from the elementary school syllabus.

On the 4th of July, an annual block party takes place along the two streets west of the elementary school.

In Fianna Fáil, the elementary units of the party are the cumann, the Comhairle Ceantair ( area council ) and the Comhairle Dáil Cheantair ( constituency council ).

Party leaders came out of the final meeting apparently satisfied and stated that complete agreement had been reached on a solution to the crisis created by the elections which left no party with enough strength to form a government on its own.

Nevertheless, in 1861, Lincoln justified the war in terms of legalisms ( the Constitution was a contract, and for one party to get out of a contract all the other parties had to agree ), and then in terms of the national duty to guarantee a republican form of government in every state.

Friends of the young Alexios II now tried to form a party against the empress mother and the prōtosebastos ; Alexios II's half-sister Maria, wife of Caesar John ( Renier of Montferrat ), stirred up riots in the streets of the capital.

Arbitration, in the context of United States law, is a form of alternative dispute resolution — specifically, a legal alternative to litigation whereby the parties to a dispute agree to submit their respective positions ( through agreement or hearing ) to a neutral third party ( the arbitrator ( s ) or arbiter ( s )) for resolution.

The Arian party, as described by Athanasius, may not have existed in the form he portrayed in his writings.

On the parliamentary elections in 2009 the newly established personalistic party of Boyko Borisov-Citizens for European Development of Bulgaria ( GERB ) won the elections, securing 116 seats out of 240, which enabled it to form a cabinet alone.

A comeback of sorts was seen during the 1960s and 1970s, but it was not until 1981, when the Liberals allied with the newly formed SDP to form the SDP-Liberal Alliance, that the party enjoyed significant electoral success.

After a ballot of members and the passing of a motion at the 1987 Portsmouth conference, the party merged with the Liberal Party in 1988 to form the Liberal Democrats, although a minority left to form a continuing SDP led by David Owen.

Although the Bolshevik leadership decided to form a separate party, convincing pro-Bolshevik workers within Russia to follow suit proved difficult.

After assurances of legality on Allende's part, the murder of the Army Commander-in-Chief, General René Schneider and Frei's refusal to form an alliance with Alessandri to oppose Allende – on the grounds that the Christian Democrats were a workers ' party and could not make common cause with the oligarchs – Allende was chosen by a vote of 153 to 35.

Following the 1998 presidential election, Klerides tried to form a government of national unity, by including six ministers from Klerides ' Democratic Rally party, two ministers from the socialist EDEK, three from the Democratic Party ( who broke ranks with party leader Spyros Kyprianou ) and one from the United Democrats.

In Germany, the coalitions rarely consist of more than two parties ( where CDU and CSU, two non-competing parties which always form a single caucus, are in this regard considered a single party ).

The 1922 election saw the main anti-Labor party, the Nationalist Party of Australia deprived of a majority, and were required to form a coalition in order to command a majority on the floor of parliament.

Coercion () is the practice of forcing another party to act in an involuntary manner ( whether through action or inaction ) by use of threats or intimidation or some other form of pressure or force.

The purely selfish kinds of coercion are a form of predatory behaviour by the coercing party, whose aim is to narrow down the scope of other people ’ s actions so as to make them instrumental to its own personal interests.

From 1942, the party was known as the Progressive Conservatives, until 2003, when the national party merged with the Canadian Alliance to form the Conservative Party of Canada.

South Korea's major conservative party, the Saenuri Party or 새누리당, changed its form throughout its history.

The Democratic Justice Party changed its form and acted to suppress the opposition party and to follow the people's demand for direct elections.

The next form of the major conservative party was the Democratic-Liberal Party.

When the conservative party was beaten by the opposition party in the general election, it changed its form again to follow the party members ' demand for reforms.