In linguistics, an alternation is the phenomenon of a phoneme or morpheme exhibiting variation in its phonological realization.

( In Finnish linguistics this phenomenon is often referred to as švaa ; the same word can also mean schwa, but it is not a phoneme in Finnish, so usually there is no danger of confusion.

The phenomenon is that by which a phoneme is modified in a subset of the lexicon, and spreads gradually to other lexical items.

Akanye or akanje (, ) is a phonological phenomenon in Slavic languages in which a phoneme releases the sound more or less close to

Now, with virtually every writer, not only was the European origin of public law acknowledged as a historical phenomenon, but the rules thus established by the advanced civilizations of Europe were to be imposed on others.

According to music writer Piero Scaruffi, the disco phenomenon spread quickly because the " collective ecstasy " of disco was cathartic and regenerative and led to freedom of expression.

Benjamin Radford, science writer and deputy editor of the science magazine Skeptical Inquirer, casts doubt on the plausibility of spontaneous human combustion, " If SHC is a real phenomenon ( and not the result of an elderly or infirm person being too close to a flame source ), why doesn't it happen more often?

In reference to a photograph ( left ) taken during an Immortal gig, showing that what appeared to the audience to be a wide formation of equipment was actually only the fronts of amplifiers mounted on a large frame, Gizmodo writer Rosa Golijan investigated the phenomenon and found that it was " not too uncommon ".

As a young girl she was educated privately by her father, Mulla Muhammad Salih Baraghani, – a phenomenon of a girl at the time – and showed herself a proficient writer.

This theme is explored in the story Tupik by French writer Michel Tournier in his collection of stories entitled Le Coq de Bruyère ( 1978 ) and is a phenomenon Freud documents several times.

This was the same phenomenon articulated by the writer Frigyes Karinthy in the 1920s while documenting a widely circulated belief in Budapest that individuals were separated by six degrees of social contact.

A leading writer on Criminology and Sociology, Cohen is credited with coining the term moral panic in his 1972 study ( Folk Devils and Moral Panics ) of the popular UK media and social reaction to the Mods and Rockers phenomenon of the 1960s.

In a part of the book " About Aristotle's meteors " relating to the meteorology which discuss the phenomenon of wind, the writer mentions two caves noted to generate very strong winds at their entrances:

The phenomenon is very similar to the form of wordplay known as the pun, except that, by definition, the speaker ( or writer ) intends the pun to have some effect on the recipient, whereas one who speaks or writes an eggcorn is unaware of the mistake.

In 1997, the writer, Jeff Kent, discovered that a double sunset could be seen against Thorpe Cloud from the top of nearby Lin Dale and, two years later, the phenomenon was first captured on film by the photographer, Chris Doherty.

The scholars travel to Albania with a tape recorder to study the phenomenon and record samples of the singing and the changes over time in multiple recordings of the same song, the study of which would give them an answer whether Homer was an editor or a writer.

Other studies of the James Bond phenomenon include: Double O Seven, James Bond, A Report ( 1964 ), by O. F. Snelling ( revised, re-titled, and re-published on-line, in 2007, as Double-O Seven: James Bond Under the Microscope ), an analysis of Bond ’ s literary predecessors, his image, women, adversaries, and future ; Ian Fleming: The Spy Who Came In with the Gold ( 1965 ), by Henry A. Zeiger, a biography of Fleming as a commercial writer ; The Politics of James Bond: From Fleming ’ s Novels to the Big Screen ( 2001 ), by historian Jeremy Black, an analysis of the cultural politics of the Bond books and films ; James Bond and Philosophy: Questions Are Forever ( 2006 ), edited by James B.

At the time, he had begun enjoying considerable success — a phenomenon which the writer Tudor Arghezi attributed to the momentary rise of Take Ionescu as a politician ( Ionescu had become the center of a fashion and subject of imitation, and he was among the first to buy more than one of Luchian's paintings ).

Autosuggestibility, the reaction of the subject in such a way as to conform to his own expectations of the outcome ( i.e., that the arm-rise is a reaction to the pressure exerted in the voluntary contraction, because of his knowledge that `` to every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction '' ) also seems inadequate as an explanation for the following reasons: ( 1 ) the subjects' apparently genuine experience of surprise when their arms rose, and ( 2 ) manifestations of the phenomenon despite anticipations of something else happening ( e.g., of becoming dizzy and maybe falling, an expectation spontaneously volunteered by one of the subjects ).

In physics, emergence is used to describe a property, law, or phenomenon which occurs at macroscopic scales ( in space or time ) but not at microscopic scales, despite the fact that a macroscopic system can be viewed as a very large ensemble of microscopic systems.

( As a postscript to the " booing the Members " phenomenon, even when the Members stand was closed due to the reconstruction work, the crowd would still boo, despite the Members ' stand being completely empty.

The " modern girl " phenomenon of the 1920s and early 1930s had been characterized by greater sexual freedom, but despite this, sex was usually not perceived as a source of pleasure in Japan.

In realistic situations, chemists can describe diffusion as a deterministic macroscopic phenomenon ( see Fick's law s ), despite its underlying random nature.

Recent studies have shown that despite declining crime rates, this phenomenon continues to occur in various cultures.

The Aharonov – Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg – Siday – Aharonov – Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic field ( E, B ), despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero.

The book was a " publishing phenomenon ", achieving fame in both the United States and Germany, despite its " mostly scathing " reception among historians, who were unusually vocal in condemning it as ahistorical and, in the words of Holocaust historian Raul Hilberg, " totally wrong about everything " and " worthless ".

This natural phenomenon has still not been explained despite 25 years of research .< ref name =" Telegraph ">' Fairy circles ' of Africa baffle scientists-Telegraph

The Thatcher effect or Thatcher illusion is a phenomenon where it becomes difficult to detect local feature changes in an upside down face, despite identical changes being obvious in an upright face.

The researchers in the lab study bat echolocation and were aware of the Wiederorientierung phenomenon described by Griffin ( 1959 ), where bats, despite continuing to emit echolocation calls, use dead reckoning in familiar acoustic space.

Both works were in the field of optics, in particular, the master thesis was titled " On Fresnel interference phenomenon – theoretical and experimental work " – according to Struve himself, despite the family traditions, he did not intend then to become an astronomer.

This is not actually on Brocken, but was taken in the Tanzawa Mountains in Japan ; despite the name, the phenomenon is not unique to Brocken and can occur in any misty mountain region.

The term Afro-Cuban is rarely taken into the economic sphere, despite the fact that, as in most of the Americas, black Cubans are generally poorer than whites, which translates into class phenomenon along racial lines.

This growth is despite the mysterious phenomenon known as the Geduld, a sea of plasma that suddenly erupted from the sun along the Earth's orbital plane in AD 2137.

Although Max himself became something of a pop-culture phenomenon of the 1980s, the series itself was not a great success — despite being lauded for its portrayal of a world " 20 minutes into the future ", a Blade Runner-like cyberpunk world, where TV channels and ratings wars were everything, and people ( particularly those at the margins of society ) were nothing.

One important reality was that it is more sensibly seen as a movement of the 1970s and 1980s, not the 1960s, despite often being described as a 1960s phenomenon.

While they were a hit phenomenon in the UK, they found limited success in other parts of the world, despite securing distribution.

" Top Strip Club " lists in some media have demonstrated that U. S .- style striptease is a global phenomenon and a culturally accepted form of entertainment, despite its scrutiny in legal circles and popular media.

The phenomenon of the adoration of Goldstein's tomb persisted for years, despite Israeli government efforts to crack down on those making pilgrimage to Goldstein's grave site.

* These were a long term Japanese phenomenon, despite and because of their high rates of private saving before deflation.

More recently the term " sunk cost fallacy " has been used to describe the phenomenon where people justify increased investment in a decision, based on the cumulative prior investment, despite new evidence suggesting that the cost, starting today, of continuing the decision outweighs the expected benefit.

The confusion is increased by the fact that there is no known report suggesting that the station went silent for any noticeable period of time after getting on the air, despite this phenomenon being relatively common among 1950s FM stations.

He showed how effective the phenomenon is by taking two photographs of the Moon at different times, and therefore with different shadows, making the Moon to appear in 3D stereoscopically, despite the absence of any other stereoscopic cue.