Nesterenko, G. Lambiase, G. Scarpetta, Calculation of the Casimir energy at zero and finite temperature: some recent results, arXiv: hep-th / 0503100 v2 13 May 2005

Because the porosity of the surface soil results in virtually zero runoff, lenses are easily polluted by fecal waste, burials, and chemical spills.

Some competitions restart the score from zero for the finals, other add the final score to the preliminary results.

Stronger is nullipotent, meaning that the results are the same if executed zero or multiple times, which is synonymous with " no side effects ".

* Penalty under, Zero Over: A variation of exact scoring that combines variants with and without penalties ; overtricking scores zero points while undertricking results in a penalty according to the specific exact scoring variant used.

It results in two polynomials, a quotient and a remainder that are characterized by the following property of the polynomials: given two polynomials a and b such that b ≠ 0, there exists a unique pair of polynomials, q, the quotient, and r, the remainder, such that a = b q + r and degree ( r ) < degree ( b ) ( here the polynomial zero is supposed to have a negative degree ).

Many of the results of quantum mechanics are not easily visualized in terms of classical mechanics — for instance, the ground state in a quantum mechanical model is a non-zero energy state that is the lowest permitted energy state of a system, as opposed to a more " traditional " system that is thought of as simply being at rest, with zero kinetic energy.

For example, for an electromagnetic wave, if the box has ideal metal walls, the condition for nodes at the walls results because the metal walls cannot support a tangential electric field, forcing the wave to have zero amplitude at the wall.

For example, on the System / 370 Model 158, the keyboard sequence 0-7-X ( zero, seven and X, in that order ) results in an IPL from the device address which was keyed into the input area.

A value of zero results in all particles passing through.

A point is eventually reached when decreasing the frequency results in a zero distance skip zone.

On a Stress roll, results of " 1 " and " 0 " have special meanings: a ONE is rerolled, and the result doubled ( additional " 1 " s lead to successive doublings: quadrupling, octupling, etc ; the final non -" 1 " being enlarged by the multiplier ); a ZERO is treated as a zero ( rather than a ten ), AND one or more additional d10 botch dice are rolled.

A short report in The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene states that, in a patient research study, the spatula test had a high specificity ( zero false-positive test results ) and a high sensitivity ( 94 % of infected patients produced a positive test result ).

In 2010, the diamond was removed from its setting in order to scientifically measure its chemical composition ; after boring a hole one nanometre ( four-billionths of an inch ) deep, preliminary results detected the presence of boron, hydrogen and possibly nitrogen ; the boron concentration varies from zero to eight parts per million.

Extrapolating backward to this hypothetical time 0 results in a universe with all spatial dimensions of size zero, infinite density, infinite temperature, and infinite space-time curvature.

If you think of composition as analogous to multiplication, then this says that multiplication by zero always results in a product of zero, which is a familiar intuition.

Define a data matrix, X < sup > T </ sup >, with zero empirical mean ( the empirical ( sample ) mean of the distribution has been subtracted from the data set ), where each of the n rows represents a different repetition of the experiment, and each of the m columns gives a particular kind of datum ( say, the results from a particular probe ).

Forcing the 21st address line ( the actual logic signal wire coming out of the chip ) to a logic low, representing a zero, results in a modulo-2 ^ 20 effect to match the earlier processors ' address arithmetic, but the 80286 has no internal capability to perform this function.

Since these have zero cross-correlation by design, this model results in uncorrelated waveforms.

The results for the expectation and variance follow immediately from the definition that increments have a normal distribution, centered at zero.

The Cayley – Hamilton theorem states that " substituting " the matrix A for λ in this polynomial results in the zero matrix:

Because of the improper algebraic results of assigning any value to division by zero, many computer programming languages ( including those used by calculators ) explicitly forbid the execution of the operation and may prematurely halt a program that attempts it, sometimes reporting a " Divide by zero " error.

A completely new insight into living cells and their structure will be possible by use of a new technique which replaces visible light with ultraviolet radiation and combines a microscope with a color-TV system to view the results.

A good example of the results obtainable with ultrasonic radiation is contained in papers presented by Dr. G. Baum who has explored the human eye.

For irradiation of food, the results obtained depend upon the dose rather than the specific type of radiation, and X-ray, gamma, and high-energy electron radiation are suitable.

More general results from the study were that precipitation and water use lead to above-ground primary production, solar radiation and temperature lead to belowground primary production ( roots ), and temperature and water lead to cool and warm season growth habit.

The radiation from an active galactic nucleus results from the gravitational energy of matter as it falls toward the black hole from the disc.

Standards that describe calibration and operation for radiation dosimetry, as well as procedures to relate the measured dose to the effects achieved and to report and document such results, are maintained by the American Society for Testing and Materials ( ASTM international ) and are also available as ISO / ASTM standards.

Maxwell once again used the experimental results of Wilhelm Eduard Weber and Rudolf Kohlrausch to show that this wave equation represented an electromagnetic wave that propagates at the speed of light, hence supporting the view that light is a form of electromagnetic radiation.

Among QCT's disadvantages: it requires a high radiation dose compared to DXA, CT scanners are large and expensive, and because its practice has been less standardized than BMD, its results are more operator-dependent.

The breakdown of ozone in the stratosphere results in the ozone molecules being unable to absorb ultraviolet radiation.

For example, an increase in frequency results in an increase in the maximum kinetic energy calculated for an electron upon liberation – ultraviolet radiation would require a higher applied stopping potential to stop current in a phototube than blue light.

The energy exchange between the electron beam and the sample results in the reflection of high-energy electrons by elastic scattering, emission of secondary electrons by inelastic scattering and the emission of electromagnetic radiation, each of which can be detected by specialized detectors.

* Primary scientific data was collected in Punta Arenas, Chile, using a Brewer spectro-photometer, and " These results indicate that during the time when ozone depletion in the Antarctica takes place, an increase in UV-B radiation reaching the Earth surface affected the American continent at latitudes about parallel 50 ° S ."

The results of that missile's explosion are the instant blinding of those who see the explosion, the resultant firestorm caused by the heat wave, and the blast front ; later, the collapse of society, because of radiation sickness, psychological damage, and destroyed infrastructure ; the British Army burns corpses, while police shoot looters during food riots.

The abrupt pulse of electromagnetic radiation usually results from certain types of high energy explosions, especially a nuclear explosion, or from a suddenly fluctuating magnetic field.

For example, the intensity of radiation from the Sun is 9126 watts per square meter at the distance of Mercury ( 0. 387 AU ); but only 1367 watts per square meter at the distance of Earth ( 1 AU )— an approximate threefold increase in distance results in an approximate ninefold decrease in intensity of radiation.

Computations based on the theory presented in the review produce radiation parameters ( intensity and duration time versus wavelength ) that match experimental results with errors no larger than expected due to some simplifications ( e. g., assuming a uniform temperature in the entire bubble ), so it seems the phenomenon of sonoluminescence is at least roughly explained, although some details of the process remain obscure.

A similar hypothesis put forth by Richard Lindzen is the iris hypothesis in which an increase in tropical sea surface temperatures results in less cirrus clouds and thus more infrared radiation emitted to space .< ref >

He concluded " The results of my observation are best explained by the assumption that a radiation of very great penetrating power enters our atmosphere from above.

Ernest Fox Nichols used a modified Crookes radiometer in an attempt to detect infrared radiation from Arcturus and Vega, but Nichols deemed the results inconclusive.

* 1990 — Preliminary results from NASA's COBE mission confirm the cosmic microwave background radiation has a blackbody spectrum to an astonishing one part in 10 < sup > 5 </ sup > precision, thus eliminating the possibility of an integrated starlight model proposed for the background by steady state enthusiasts.

These mixed-molecular ices are exposed to ultraviolet radiation and cosmic rays, which results in complex radiation-driven chemistry.