It was not until the early 1880s that Ann Arbor again saw robust growth, with new immigrants coming from Greece, Italy, Russia, and Poland.

After robust growth rates in the 1980s ( average annual growth was 6. 1 %), economic performance in the 1990s was mixed: real GDP growth was 9. 7 % in 1992, 1. 7 % in 1993, 6. 0 % in 1994, 6. 0 % in 1995, 1. 9 % in 1996 and 2. 3 % in 1997.

Paracoccus denitrificans was one of the bacteria which displayed not only survival but also robust cellular growth under these conditions of hyperacceleration which are usually found only in cosmic environments, such as on very massive stars or in the shock waves of supernovas.

Despite the severe damage the economy of Georgia suffered due to civil strife in the 1990s, Georgia, with the help of the IMF and World Bank, has made substantial economic gains since 2000, achieving robust GDP growth and curtailing inflation.

U. S. policy toward The Co-operative Republic of Guyana seeks to develop robust, sustainable democratic institutions, laws, and political practices ; support economic growth and development ; and promote stability and security.

Tough government reforms and steady yearly growth in the region of 4 – 5 % from 2000 to 2007, including 4. 9 % year-on-year growth in 2003 – 2007 the Moroccan economy is much more robust than just a few years ago.

While the Moroccan telecoms market remains under-saturated, its three mobile operators have experienced robust growth in recent years, both at home and abroad.

GDP growth in 2008 was 9. 2 %, reflecting a slowing of the robust growth of 11. 5 % seen in 2007.

From 1994 through 1998, under the government of Alberto Fujimori, the economy recorded robust growth driven by foreign direct investment, almost 46 % of which was related to the privatization program. The government invested heavily on the country ´ s infrastructure, which became a solid foundation for the future of the Peruvian economy.

The resulting taming of inflation did, however, set the stage for a robust growth period during Reagan's administration.

The population of South Korea showed robust growth since the republic's establishment in 1948, and then dramatically slowed down with the effects of its economic growth.

Spain continued on the path of economic growth when the ruling party changed in 2004, maintaining robust GDP growth during the first term of prime minister José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero, even though some fundamental problems in the Spanish economy were now becoming clearly evident.

The UNU World Institute for Development Economics Research ( Helsinki, Finland ) undertakes multidisciplinary research and policy analysis on structural changes affecting the living conditions of the world ’ s poorest people ; provides a forum for professional interaction and the advocacy of policies leading to robust, equitable and environmentally sustainable growth ; and promotes capacity strengthening and training in the field of economic and social policy-making.

This simple method requires sound planning and servicing of the water damming and channeling, but reduces the growth of less robust weed and pest plants that have no submerged growth state, and deters vermin.

Drought in 1998 further damaged the sugar industry, but its recovery in 1999 contributed to robust GDP growth.

Although sensitive to global business cycles, the economy of Norway has shown robust growth since the start of the industrial era.

Their robust Calvinism was publicized in such confessions as the London Baptist Confession of 1644 and the Second London Confession of 1689.

Though he was destined to be a strongly counter-reforming emperor, Alexander had little prospect of succeeding to the throne during the first two decades of his life, as he had an elder brother, Nicolas, who seemed of robust constitution.

In Ireland, Shane Butler said that AA “ looks like it couldn ’ t survive as there ’ s no leadership or top-level telling local cumanns what to do, but it has worked and proved itself extremely robust .” Butler attributed this to " AA ’ s ' inverted pyramid ' style of governance has helped it to avoid many of the pitfalls that political and religious institutions have encountered since it was established here in 1946.

But in 1952, when General Motors president Charles E. Wilson, nominated for a cabinet post, told Congress "... what was good for the country was good for General Motors and vice versa ," he inspired one of Capp's greatest satires — the introduction of General Bullmoose, the robust, ruthless, and ageless business tycoon.

It was unlikely, however, that it would return to the robust form of the mid-1980s.

Eisenhower was of Pennsylvania Dutch ancestry, and was reared in a large family in Kansas, by parents with a robust work ethic and religious background.

Debian was one of the earlier Linux distributions to compose itself from packages, and robust package management is perhaps Debian's most prominent feature.

She met Thomas at Idlewild Airport and was shocked at his appearance, as he " looked pale, delicate and shaky, not his usual robust self.

" His figure was that of a robust, large-framed man, worn down by confinement and hard fare ; but he was now recovering his flesh and spirits ; and a suit of blue clothes, with a gold laced hat that had been presented to him by the gentlement of Cork, enabled him to make a very passable appearance for a rebel colonel ...

The robust X-bracing typical of the steel-string was developed in the 1840s by German-American luthiers of whom C. F.

The original operating principle was discovered in 1908 and Geiger counters remain popular instruments for use in radiation dosimetry, health physics, experimental physics, the nuclear industry, geological exploration and other fields, due to their robust sensing element and their relatively low cost.

The calming effect was so robust that Cade speculated that mania was caused by a deficiency in lithium.

Strong revenue performance was driven by robust VAT on imports, while expenditure was kept in line with the budget.

She inspected the newborn for congenital deformities and testing its cry to hear whether or not it was robust and hearty.

These units are still mainly used in some industrial settings ( oil and gas, petrochemical, chemical, utility, and heavy industry markets ) due to the robust nature of the UPS.

Commonly in plants such as Tulipa, that have tepals, the sepals are hardly more robust than the petals, and such plants either come from warm temperate zones, or flower mainly in mild seasons, such as late spring.

Mostly nocturnal, they are alike in habits and robust appearance, their differences being mainly in their size and the arrangement of their spiny armour.

Don Cornell ( April 21, 1919 – February 23, 2004 ) was an American singer prominent mainly in the 1940s and 1950s noted for his smooth but robust baritone voice.

" In 2005, J. Hoberman of the Village Voice stated that the film "... has long been a cult item -- in part because its talented 25-year-old director, Michael Reeves, died of a drug overdose before the film's release, but mainly because it is an extraordinarily bleak story of political evil ... Reeves shot on location and the movie has a robust autumnal quality perfectly matched by Price's overripe performance ... it remains contemporary, and even frightening, in its evocation of cynical Puritanism and mass deception.

For the past thirty years there has been a decline in the population, this is mainly due to emigration, although the tide of emigration has subsided in recent years due to the robust nature of the Irish economy.

Traditionally this transition was believed to have been driven by the more crude nature of wooden fortifications, the limited life of timber in wooden castles and its vulnerability to fire ; recent archaeological studies have however shown that many wooden castles were as robust and as complex as their stone equivalents.

In newer transmissions, there may be two countershafts, so each main shaft gear can be driven from one or the other countershaft ; this allows construction with short and robust countershafts, while still allowing many gear combinations inside a single gear case.

An engine cooled only by thermosiphon is also very sensitive to low coolant level i. e. missing only a small amount of coolant stops the circulation, a pump driven system is much more robust and can handle low coolant level.

While the arithmetic mean is often used to report central tendencies, it is not a robust statistic, meaning that it is greatly influenced by outliers.

The original wooden Bennet seats as specified by Leitch in 1905 now number 3, 571, remain as robust as ever.

These techniques include developments in optimal control in the 1950s and 1960s, followed by progress in stochastic, robust, adaptive and optimal control methods in the 1970s and 1980s.

In this way, a weak input from a distal synapse can be amplified by sodium and calcium currents en route to the soma so that the effects of distal synapse are no less robust than those of a proximal synapse.

The invention of a new machine by pen manufacturers, Joseph Gillott, William Mitchell and Josiah Mason, allowed mass manufacture of robust, cheap steel pen nibs.

They are characterised by robust craniodental anatomy, including gorilla-like cranial crests, which suggest strong muscles of mastication, without the transverse cranial crest also present on modern gorillas.

Paranthropus is associated with stone tools both in southern and eastern Africa, although there is considerable debate whether they were made and utilized by these robust australopithecines or contemporaneous Homo.

Pocock distinguished A. f. styani from A. f. fulgens by its longer winter coat and more abundant blackness in the pelage, bigger skull, more strongly curved forehead, and more robust teeth.

Therefore, referential transparency allows us to reason about our code which will lead to more robust programs, the possibility of finding bugs that we couldn't hope to find by testing, and the possibility of seeing opportunities for optimization.

Usually, speech coding and channel coding methods have to be chosen in pairs, with the more important bits in the speech data stream protected by more robust channel coding, in order to get the best overall coding results.

A robust mechanical structure is usually required to contain the very large Lorentz forces generated by and on the magnet coils.

For instance, the portrayal of wine drinking in French society as a robust and healthy habit would be a bourgeois ideal perception contradicted by certain realities ( i. e. that wine can be unhealthy and inebriating ).

One very early experiment in electrical telegraphy was an electrochemical telegraph created by the German physician, anatomist and inventor Samuel Thomas von Sömmering in 1809, based on an earlier, less robust design of 1804 by Spanish-Catalan polymath and scientist Francisco Salva Campillo.

The thin clients usually have a very low total cost of ownership, but some of that is offset by requiring a robust server infrastructure with backups and so forth.

The BER may be improved by choosing a strong signal strength ( unless this causes cross-talk and more bit errors ), by choosing a slow and robust modulation scheme or line coding scheme, and by applying channel coding schemes such as redundant forward error correction codes.