However, most authorities consider Sagittarius to be the civilized Chiron, while Centaurus represents a more uncouth member of the species.

The stoichiometric coefficient ν < sub > i </ sub > represents the degree to which a chemical species participates in a reaction.

East Africa displays Cape buffalo, Southern white rhinoceros, Ugandan giraffe, several other savanna species, and a lagoon with East African Crowned Crane The North Africa exhibit represents the Sahel and Sahara and houses scimitar-horned oryx, Barbary stag, red-fronted gazelle, and Ankole cattle.

This probably represents the velvet worm's original mode of reproduction, i. e., both oviviparous and viviparous species developed from ovoviviparous species.

The mutualistic interaction term represents the increase in population growth of species one as a result of the presence of greater numbers of species two, and vice versa.

Due to the location of Padre Island National Seashore on the Central Flyway, a major migratory route for birds, about 380 species of birds have been documented within the park, which represents approximately 45 % of all bird species documented within North America.

The intertidal existence to which these trees are adapted represents the major limitation to the number of species able to thrive in their habitat.

The DNA sequence of mtDNA has been determined from a large number of organisms and individuals ( including some organisms that are extinct ), and the comparison of those DNA sequences represents a mainstay of phylogenetics, in that it allows biologists to elucidate the evolutionary relationships among species.

With limited exotic species, no buildings or sports fields, and many walking and biking trails, the park represents the way Radford looked before the coming of the railroad.

This also represents the A genome component of the amphidiploid crop species B. napus and B. juncea.

" Connectance ( C ) is the fraction of all possible links that are realized ( L / S < sup > 2 </ sup >) and represents a standard measure of food web complexity ..." The distance ( d ) between every species pair in a web is averaged to compute the mean distance between all nodes in a web ( D ) and multiplied by the total number of links ( L ) to obtain link-density ( LD ), which is influenced by scale dependent variables such as species richness.

) has an electrochemical potential ( a quantity with units of energy ) at any given location, which represents how easy or difficult it is to add more of that species to that location.

Lucy herself was not at once recognized as a disparate species, but was considered an older member of Australopithecus africanus, and only the later discovery of skulls of A. afarensis convinced the general palaeontological world that Lucy represents a species called afarensis.

The ISU quad is also host to the Fell Arboretum, which is part of a 490-acre site that represents over 154 species of tree.

It is a primitive, relict, non-gliding petaurid and, as the only species in the Gymnobelideus genus, represents an ancestral species.

While vicariance would suggest this represents an ancient distribution limited to the Mesozoic supercontinent Gondwana, the fossil record suggests advanced lungfish had a widespread freshwater distribution and the current distribution of modern lungfish species reflects extinction of many lineages following the breakup of Pangaea, Gondwana and Laurasia.

Each species is said to kabbalistically represent an aspect of the user's body ; the lulav represents the spine, the myrtle the eyes, the willow the lips, and the etrog represents the heart.

Flowers across the Apiaceae are fairly uniform and are usually perfect ( hermaphroditic ) and actinomorphic, but some are andromonoecious, polygamomonoecious, or even dioecious ( as in Acronema ), with a distinct calyx and corolla, but the calyx if often highly reduced, to the point of being undetectable in many species, while the corolla can be white, yellow, pink or purple.

The blind cave tetra is a fairly hardy species.

By comparing the parts of the genome that are not under natural selection and which therefore accumulate mutations at a fairly steady rate, it is possible to reconstruct a genetic tree incorporating the entire human species since the last shared ancestor.

The Polygalaceae is fairly well researched among plant families, in part due to the large diversity of the genus Polygala, and also due to members of the family, like the Fabaceae, being food plants for various Lepidoptera ( butterfly and moth ) species.

Some of the earlier representatives of this species were still fairly small-brained and used primitive stone tools, much like H. habilis.

Unlike most citrus species, the oval kumquat has a shorter growth period, and goes into dormancy fairly earlier in autumn.

Roving bands of hunter-gatherers and even fairly sizable and complex tribal societies based on herding or agriculture have existed without any full-time specialized state organization, and these " stateless " forms of political organization have in fact prevailed for all of the prehistory and much of the history of the human species and civilization.

All Western Australian species are vulnerable, although most eastern species are fairly resistant.

The large majority of plant species are " glycophytes ", and are damaged fairly easily by salinity.

These are typically fairly simple structures, capable of distinguishing only light and dark, although some species have large eyes with lenses that may be capable of more sophisticated vision.

Hedgehogs are fairly vocal and communicate through a combination of grunts, snuffles and / or squeals, depending on species.

Different species vary in their social structure, with some being largely solitary, while others live in groups – in a few species these groups may be fairly large.

" This is fairly accurate, as European cattle and zebu are members of the same species.

The boundaries of the genus Plantago have been fairly stable, with the main question being whether to include Bougueria ( one species from the Andes ) and Littorella ( 2 – 3 species of aquatic plants ).

The bagworm family is fairly small, with about 600 species described.

This species is fairly quiet on the wintering grounds.

Grass cover is fairly continuous across the region, dominated by annual grass species such as Cenchrus biflorus, Schoenefeldia gracilis, and Aristida stipoides.

Despite being extirpated from or uncommon in some its former range, the species is still fairly ubiquitous, being present in Eurasia, North America, and parts of Africa.

New Guinea, which was until fairly recent geological times part of mainland Australia, has at least five species of wallaby.

They are fairly large ( all over 32 cm or 13 inches long ), slightly bigger than other trogon species.

Although still fairly rocky, a large number of eucalyptus and other tree species are prevalent.

Hemlock is another inexpensive and fairly rot-resistant wood species that may be used to build worm bins.

Although most extant species of Asteraceae are herbaceous, the examination of the basal members in the family suggests that the common ancestor of the family was an arborescent plant, a tree or shrub, perhaps adapted to dry conditions, radiating from South America.

The two species of the basal Caninae are more primitive and do not fit into either tribe.

The simplified linear feeding pathways that move from a basal trophic species to a top consumer is called the food chain.

Extant species in the Cryptobranchidae family are the modern-day members of a lineage that extends back millions of years — the earliest fossil records of a basal species date back to the Middle Jurassic and were found in volcanic deposits in northern China.

Ascending the Luquillo Mountains through these forest types, the average tree height and diameter, number of tree species, and basal area ( cross sectional area of tree stems ) tend to decrease, while stem density increases.

Like that of the related apple, the pear fruit is a pome, in most wild species 1 – 4 cm diameter, but in some cultivated forms up to 18 cm long and 8 cm broad ; the shape varies in most species from oblate or globose, to the classic pyriform ' pear-shape ' of the European pear with an elongated basal portion and a bulbous end.

In most species they are long, pinnate, with ( 3 –) 5 – 9 (– 13 ) leaflets and basal stipules ; the leaflets usually have a serrated margin, and often a few small prickles on the underside of the stem.

**** Crocodylus cataphractus, slender-snouted crocodile ( studies in DNA and morphology suggest this species may be more basal than Crocodylus, so belongs in its own genus, Mecistops ).

In some species in this category, for example E. youngiana and E. viminalis, the rough basal bark is very ribbony at the top, where it gives way to the smooth upper stems.

Cornales is an order of flowering plants, basal among the asterids, containing about 600 species.

In its traditional circumscription this subfamily consisted exclusively of shrubs and small trees characterised by a pome, a type of accessory fruit that does not occur in other Rosaceae, and by a basal haploid chromosome count of 17 ( instead of 7, 8, or 9 as in the other Rosaceae ), involving approximately 28 genera with approximately 1100 species worldwide, with most species occurring in the temperate Northern Hemisphere.

Among the extant members of Apis, the more basal species make single, exposed combs, while the more recently evolved species nest in cavities and have multiple combs, which has greatly facilitated their domestication.

Section Crocus: species with a basal prophyll

Section Nudiscapus: species without a basal prophyll

Saotherium and Choeropsis are significantly more basal than Hippopotamus and Hexaprotodon, and thus more closely resemble the ancestral species of hippos.

Phylogenetic studies by Korall & Kenrick determined that the Euselaginella group, comprising solely the type species, Selaginella selaginoides and a closely related Hawai ' ian species, Selaginella deflexa, is a basal and anciently diverging sister to all other Selaginella species.

Most species are deciduous, but a few species ( Lilium candidum, Lilium catesbaei ) bear a basal rosette of leaves during dormancy.

The basal subclass Penicillata contains 160 species whose exoskeleton is not calcified, and which are covered in setae or bristles.