Thus, entropy is also a measure of the tendency of a process, such as a chemical reaction, to be entropically favored, or to proceed in a particular direction.

This process is thought to be subject to selection, with a tendency towards intron gain in larger species due to their smaller population sizes, and the converse in smaller ( particularly unicellular ) species.

Given the tendency for real negotiations in Japan to be conducted privately ( in the nemawashi, or root binding, process of consensus building ), the shingikai often represented a fairly advanced stage in policy formulation in which relatively minor differences could be thrashed out and the resulting decisions couched in language acceptable to all.

John S. Wilkins retained the notion of meme as a kernel of cultural imitation while emphasizing the meme's evolutionary aspect, defining the meme as " the least unit of sociocultural information relative to a selection process that has favourable or unfavourable selection bias that exceeds its endogenous tendency to change.

When it becomes possible for a people to describe as ‘ postmodern ’ the décor of a room, the design of a building, the diegesis of a film, the construction of a record, or a ‘ scratch ’ video, a television commercial, or an arts documentary, or the ‘ intertextual ’ relations between them, the layout of a page in a fashion magazine or critical journal, an anti-teleological tendency within epistemology, the attack on the ‘ metaphysics of presence ’, a general attenuation of feeling, the collective chagrin and morbid projections of a post-War generation of baby boomers confronting disillusioned middle-age, the ‘ predicament ’ of reflexivity, a group of rhetorical tropes, a proliferation of surfaces, a new phase in commodity fetishism, a fascination for images, codes and styles, a process of cultural, political or existential fragmentation and / or crisis, the ‘ de-centring ’ of the subject, an ‘ incredulity towards metanarratives ’, the replacement of unitary power axes by a plurality of power / discourse formations, the ‘ implosion of meaning ’, the collapse of cultural hierarchies, the dread engendered by the threat of nuclear self-destruction, the decline of the university, the functioning and effects of the new miniaturised technologies, broad societal and economic shifts into a ‘ media ’, ‘ consumer ’ or ‘ multinational ’ phase, a sense ( depending on who you read ) of ‘ placelessness ’ or the abandonment of placelessness (‘ critical regionalism ’) or ( even ) a generalised substitution of spatial for temporal coordinates-when it becomes possible to describe all these things as ‘ Postmodern ’ ( or more simply using a current abbreviation as ‘ post ’ or ‘ very post ’) then it ’ s clear we are in the presence of a buzzword.

Influential to thinkers associated with Postmodernism are Heidegger's critique of the subject-object or sense-knowledge division implicit in Rationalism, Empiricism and Methodological Naturalism, his repudiation of the idea that facts exist outside or separately from the process of thinking and speaking them ( however, Heidegger is not specifically a Nominalist ), his related admission that the possibilities of philosophical and scientific discourse are wrapped up in the practices and expectations of a society and that concepts and fundamental constructs are the expression of a lived, historical exercise rather than simple derivations of external, apriori conditions independent from historical mind and changing experience ( see Johann Gottlieb Fichte, Heinrich von Kleist, Weltanschauung and Social Constructionism ), and his Instrumentalist and Negativist notion that Being ( and, by extension, reality ) is an action, method, tendency, possibility and question rather than a discreet, positive, identifiable state, answer or entity ( see also Process Philosophy, Dynamism, Instrumentalism, Pragmatism and Vitalism ).

The tendency of the growth of this process and its significance require special study.

Water has a tendency to diffuse to areas that are drier, and this process is accelerated when water can be wicked along a fabric with small spaces.

The process invoked varies: a general tendency towards semantic transparency, first language learning driven by universal process, or general process of discourse organization.

Even when they are legal, and do not constitute a quid pro quo, they have a tendency to bias the process in favor of special interests, and undermine public confidence in the political institution.

Thus another distinguishing feature of honing theory is that the creative process reflects the natural tendency of a worldview to attempt to resolve dissonance and seek internal consistency amongst its components, whether they be ideas, attitudes, or bits of knowledge ; it mends itself as does a body when it has been injured.

D. H. Lawrence was a major influence on Rhys, though similarities with Caradoc Evans have been noted, and it has been suggested that he had " The tendency to process images of the Welsh valleys for consumption by English audiences ".

* An I is essentially a process, and not a state, and this process is an in-dividuation ( it is a process of psychic individuation ) as the tendency to become-one, that is, to become indivisible.

The greatest manufacturing problem of the gumming process is its tendency to make the stamps curl, due to the different reaction of paper and gum to varying moisture levels.

Further complicating the transition process is the tendency for youth with spina bifida to be delayed in the development of autonomy, with boys particularly at risk for slower development of independence.

When liberalism seemed to finally find the opportunity to implement its noblest principles, after a long process of integration as ideological tendency, as a political group and as a power option, the liberal regime was unable to achieve cohesion within the Central American society.

However, in the third volume of Capital he argued that competitive prices were obtained from his values through a transformation process, whereby capitalists redistributed among themselves the given aggregate surplus value of the system, in such a way as to bring about a tendency toward a more equal rate of profit between sectors of the economy.

In general, intrapersonal communication appears to arise from the tendency to interpret the inner mental processes that precede and accompany our communicative behaviors as if they too were yet another kind of communication process.

Hence, out of this general natural tendency, a quantitative measure as to how near or far a potential reaction is from this minimum is when the calculated energetics of the process indicate that the change in Gibbs free energy ΔG is negative.

Systemic bias is the inherent tendency of a process to favor particular outcomes.

Poirot regards Hastings as a poor private detective, not particularly intelligent, yet helpful in his way of being fooled by the criminal or seeing things the way the average man would see them, and for his tendency to unknowingly " stumble " onto the truth.

The increasing proportion of communal wealth to private property results in a tendency toward equality of mankind.

By early 1942, Raeder and Dönitz were openly feuding with each other, with Dönitz mocking Raeder's obsession with " dinosaurs ", as Dönitz called battleships, and Raeder complaining of Dönitz's massive ego and his tendency to run the U-boat arm as it were his own private navy.

A tendency exists of taking matters in own hands and start smaller private initiatives to perform specifications much faster avoiding the UN “ all agree ” slow culture.

Getty was a private, reserved person, which, combined with his tendency to delegate to ministers, sometimes gave the impression of an uncaring aloofness.

Horace Walpole gave this sketch of his character: " with the greatest dignity in his appearance, he was in private the greatest lover of buffoonery and low company .. he was never thought to have wanted a tendency to power, in whosever hands it was ".

Its principal differences are an emphasis on operant conditioning, use of idiosyncratic terminology ( jargon ), a tendency to apply notions of reinforcement to philosophy and daily life and, particularly, an emphasis on private experience.

Due to the density of Hong Kong's population and the economies of scale of mass developments, there is the tendency of new private tower block developments with 10 to over 100 towers, ranging from 30-to-70-storeys high.

Due to the oligopoly of real-estate developers in the territory, and the economies of scale of mass developments, there is the tendency of new private tower block developments with 10 to over 100 towers, ranging from 30-to-70-storeys high.

The historic tendency of NASA to compete against the private sector and the Department of Defense's preference for the traditional military industrial complex has discouraged many new space launch ventures.

Represented at its height by rhetoricians such as Dionysius of Halicarnassus, and grammarians such as Herodian and Phrynichus Arabius at Alexandria, this tendency prevailed from the 1st century BC onward, and with the force of an ecclesiastical dogma controlled all subsequent Greek culture, even so that the living form of the Greek language, even then being transformed into modern Greek much later, was quite obscured and only occasionally found expression, chiefly in private documents, though also in popular literature.

Supporters point towards what they feel are feebates ' tendency to promote personal responsibility by having those responsible for the involuntary expropriation ( by means of force and fraud ) of public goods from the public — and each and every private individual — by destruction of the environment or other negligent behavior towards private and public property, by having polluters pay for the externalities that they impose upon society.

He was described as neither well-spoken nor articulate, and had a tendency to repeat platitudes in private as well as in public.

WIth the economies of scale of large developments, and the lifting of height restrictions since the opening of the new airport at Chek Lap Kok, there is the tendency of new private tower block developments with 10 to over 100 towers, ranging from 30-to-70-storeys high.

* Precisely because natural resources were for a long time either non-reproducible or freely available goods ( i. e. not reproducible commodities ) the whole tendency in the market economy was for those resources to be plundered for private gain, rather than economized appropriately.

Potter notes, however, that as the 19th century unfurled, " The general tendency ... was for singers not to have been taught by castrati ( there were few of them left ) and for serious study to start later, often at one of the new conservatories rather than with a private teacher.

Agorism, an anarchist tendency founded by Samuel Edward Konkin III, advocates counter-economics, working in untaxed black or grey markets, and boycotting as much as possible the unfree taxed market with the intended result that private voluntary institutions emerge and outcompete statist ones.

19th and 20th-century criticism neglected Dunton because of his tendency to use the public for his private businesses.

Another of Gibbs ' quirks is his tendency to stop the building's elevator between floors if he needs to have a short, urgent, private conversation with someone.

After the 1952 Nasser ’ s revolution and the socialist tendency of this revolution, and given the fact that most of the Egyptian Armenians at that time were working in the private sector as self-employers in most cases, a reverse migration stream was observed among them where they started to migrate to the West, mainly to Europe, the United States, and Australia.

Many reviewers have also criticized the Redwall series for repetition and predictability, citing " recycled " plot lines and Jacques ’ tendency to follow a “ pattern to the dot .” Other reviewers note that such predictable “ ingredients ” may be what “ makes the Redwall recipe so consistently popular .” Although the series does not continue to break new ground, it does provide satisfying adventures with “ comforting, predictable conclusions for its fans .”

His tendency to reveal only select information to his companion Ace – as well as anyone else around them – was utilised both in her education and in their adventures, as if he were the only one who should know all the answers and others should come to their own conclusions.

They have a strong tendency to honor, and to attain it they seek wild adventures.

The four are quickly involved in chaotic adventures, complicated by the Sawhorse's tendency to race off uncontrolled, and involving a menagerie of beings that includes " Lollies " and their " Pops ," water spirits and kelpies, talking animals and a grumpy grandfather clock.