A variant of counting-out game, known as Josephus problem, represents a famous theoretical problem in mathematics and computer science.

This inability to distinguish distributions with a comb-like shape from continuous distributions is a key problem with all statistics based on a variant of the K-S test.

As an example, consider the following variant of the halting problem.

Scotland Yard is an asymmetric board game, with the detective players cooperatively solving a variant of the pursuit-evasion problem.

A variant of this problem questions the existence of other people's skills the solipsist lacks.

However, the discrete logarithm problem can be used as the basis for a trapdoor when the related problems called the computational Diffie – Hellman problem ( CDH ) and / or its decisional variant are used.

The image shows a variant of Hoffman's packing problem.

In A Theory of Justice, Rawls attempts to solve the problem of distributive justice ( the socially just distribution of goods in a society ) by utilising a variant of the familiar device of the social contract.

It has since become a popular variant in problem composition, though it has not yet become popular as a game-playing variant.

The variant was invented by Frederik Hendrik von Meyenfeldt who published a chess problem using the rules in The Problemist ( the magazine of the British Chess Problem Society ) in 1975.

* Problem of Hell, a variant of the problem of evil

A fundamental problem in urtext editing is how to present variant readings.

In 1950, Nelson formulated a popular variant of the four color problem.

Certificateless cryptography is a variant of ID-based cryptography intended to prevent the key escrow problem.

CC theory is simply the perturbative variant of the Many Electron Theory ( MET ) of Oktay Sinanoğlu, which is the exact ( and variational ) solution of the many electron problem, so it was also called " Coupled Pair MET ( CPMET )".

To address this problem, one variant outputs " plaintext " words instead

If this technique is applied, the proof of the equivalence with the factorization problem fails, so it is uncertain as of 2004 if this variant is secure.

A common variant of this problem was to arrange the 16 cards so that, in addition to the row and column constraints, each diagonal contains all four face values and all four suits as well.

A variant of the problem is concerned with burnt pancakes, where each pancake has a burnt side and all pancakes must, in addition, end up with the burnt side on top.

A variant of the fair division problem is chore division: this is the " dual " to the cake-cutting problem in which an undesirable object is to be distributed amongst the players.

There are two classes of high-performance algorithms for solving instances of SAT in practice: the conflict-driven clause learning algorithm, which can be viewed as a modern variant of the DPLL algorithm ( well known implementation include Chaff, GRASP ) and stochastic local search algorithms, such as WalkSAT.

Two or more players can compete in this variant, but if there are more than six players, not everyone will get a fair turn.

Gateball, a sport originated in Japan under the influence of croquet, is played mainly in East and Southeast Asia and the Americas, it can also be regarded as a croquet variant.

It is derived from grand hazard, and both can be considered a variant of sic bo, a popular casino game, although chuck-a-luck is more of a carnival game than a true casino game.

Rogers, having relinquished his regular shield to Barnes, carried a variant of the energy shield which can be used with either arm, and used to either block attacks or as an improvised offensive weapon able to cut through metal with relative ease.

Third, a variant of this conjugation trick, which is sometimes preferable because it requires no modification of the data values, involves swapping real and imaginary parts ( which can be done on a computer simply by modifying pointers ).

As the likelihood of having the barbarian move closer to Catan is very high, a variant in common usage is that the robber ( and with Seafarers, the pirate ) does not move until the first barbarian attack, nor can a knight move the robber before that point.

In 1920, a variant of Type F film known as X-back was introduced to counteract the effects of static electricity on the film, which can cause sparking and create odd exposure patterns on the film.

Although eating tainted beef can lead to New Variant Creutzfeldt Jakob Disease ( the human variant of mad-cow disease, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy ), there is no known case of BSE having been transmitted through collagen products such as gelatin.

A variant of the molecule, called leghemoglobin, is used to scavenge oxygen away from anaerobic systems, such as the nitrogen-fixing nodules of leguminous plants, before the oxygen can poison the system.

Anecdotal and individual reports indicate that the 63C09 variant can be clocked at 5 MHz with no ill effects.

The most common variant of insertion sort, which operates on arrays, can be described as follows:

Just as in alternative splicing, there can be more than one polyadenylation variant of a mRNA.

David Armstrong, perhaps the most prominent contemporary realist, argues that such a trope-based variant of nominalism has promise, but holds that it is unable to account for the laws of nature in the way his theory of universals can.

Cryoelectron microscopy is used to produce lower-resolution structural information about very large protein complexes, including assembled viruses ; a variant known as electron crystallography can also produce high-resolution information in some cases, especially for two-dimensional crystals of membrane proteins.

A proposed variant of grid energy storage is called Vehicle-to-Grid energy storage system, where modern electric vehicles that are plugged into the energy grid can release the stored electrical energy in their batteries back into the grid when needed.

The later variant can easily be confused with the guisarme or bill-guisarme, since it superficially appears to have a " hook ".

Elevated ferritin levels can reveal hemochromatosis, a mimic RA, or be a sign of, a seronegative, usually juvenile, variant of rheumatoid.

According to The Chess Variant Pages &# x200A ;: Perhaps the enduring popularity of Shogi can be attributed to its ' drop rule '; it was the first chess variant wherein captured pieces could be returned to the board to be used as one's own.

Another significant example can be found in the Norman onomastics: the widespread surname Lecesne, with variant spellings: Le Cesne, Lesène, Lecène and Cesne.

Also, the expected access cost can be reduced to O ( log n ) by using a randomized variant.

* Tile Chess, a multiplayer chess variant which can be played without a chess board.

However, it can be argued that a sufficiently well-implemented system based on security through obscurity simply becomes another variant on a key-based scheme, with the obscure details of the system acting as the secret key value.

Taoism does not fall under an umbrella or a definition of a single organized religion like the Abrahamic traditions ; nor can it be studied as the originator or a variant of Chinese folk religion, as although the two share some similar concepts, much of Chinese folk religion is outside of the tenets and core teachings of Taoism.

The second variant of the Trident is more sophisticated and can carry a heavier payload.