After this, he was especially known for acting as a mediator between conflicting parties ( In Cologne he is not only known for being the founder of Germany's oldest university there, but also for " the big verdict " ( der Große Schied ) of 1258, which brought an end to the conflict between the citizens of Cologne and the archbishop.

The 2001 verdict of the Amsterdam district court is an important precedent.

The clause prevents the newspapers and media from publishing material that is too extreme or sensationalist about a criminal case until the trial is over and the jury has given its verdict.

For instance, Martin L Friedland, in his book My Life in Crime and Other Academic Adventures, contends that the rule should be changed so that a retrial is granted only when the error is shown to be responsible for the verdict, not just one of many factors.

The government is not permitted to appeal or try again after the entry of an acquittal, whether a directed verdict before the case is submitted to the jury, a directed verdict after a deadlocked jury, an appellate reversal for sufficiency ( except by direct appeal to a higher appellate court ), or an " implied acquittal " via conviction of a lesser included offence.

Few would dispute the verdict of James D. Forbes, an editor of the eighth edition of the Encyclopædia Britannica: " His scientific glory is different in kind from that of Young and Fresnel ; but the discoverer of the law of polarization of biaxial crystals, of optical mineralogy, and of double refraction by compression, will always occupy a foremost rank in the intellectual history of the age.

The verdict of the court is binding, not advisory ; however, both parties have the right to appeal the judgment to a higher court.

This resulted in a case at the International Court of Justice against Greece for violation of the Interim Accord, and a verdict is to be made public in the following months.

The protection offered by a liability insurance policy is twofold: a legal defense in the event of a lawsuit commenced against the policyholder and indemnification ( payment on behalf of the insured ) with respect to a settlement or court verdict.

If an open verdict is returned, the inquest can be reopened if new evidence is found and presented to the coroner.

At the end of the hearing the lords vote on the verdict, which is decided by a simple majority, one charge at a time.

If the person has a mental illness and it is determined that the mental illness interfered with the person's ability to determine right from wrong ( and other associated criteria a jurisdiction may have ) and if the person is willing to plead guilty or is proven guilty in a court of law, some jurisdictions have an alternative option known as either a Guilty but Mentally Ill ( GBMI ) or a Guilty but Insane verdict.

The GBMI verdict is available as an alternative to, rather than in lieu of, a " not guilty by reason of insanity " verdict.

* 1905 – The verdict in the six-month long Smarthavicharam trial of Kuriyedath Thathri is pronounced, leading to the excommunication of 65 men of various castes.

In the event the jury is split six to six, and Athena dicates that in such a case the verdict should henceforth be for acquittal.

And as the practice was anciently common of fining, imprisoning, or otherwise punishing the jurors, merely at the discretion of the court, for finding a verdict contrary to the direction of these dependent judges ; it is obvious, that juries were then no manner of security to the liberty of the subject.

While acknowledging that his conduct had been lax, he countered that he had never allowed gifts to influence his judgement and, indeed, he had on occasion given a verdict against those who had paid him.

This has been changed so that, if the jury fails to agree after a given period, at the discretion of the judge they may reach a verdict by a 10-2 majority.

In civil cases a special verdict can be given, but in criminal cases a general verdict is rendered, because requiring a special verdict could apply pressure to the jury, and because of the jury's historic function of tempering rules of law by common sense brought to bear upon the facts of a specific case.

Ms. Thomas-Rasset appealed the verdict and was given a new trial.

The inquest lasted for six months, and the jury verdict, declared given on 7 April 2008, was that Diana and Dodi had been unlawfully killed through the negligent driving of Henri Paul and those in control of the pursuing vehicles.

" This leaves the APA's position on brainwashing as equivalent to: more research is needed until a definitive scientific verdict can be given.

Gardner-Medwin argues that the criterion on which a verdict in a criminal trial should be based is not the probability of guilt, but rather the probability of the evidence, given that the defendant is innocent ( akin to a frequentist p-value ).

An open verdict is given where the cause of death cannot be identified on the evidence available to the inquest.

An inquest jury found by a majority verdict of 3-2 that an overdose of fentanyl was responsible for the death by misadventure of Anita Chan Lai-ling, 69, who died on October 17, 2007, after she was given an overdose of fentanyl.

A JNOV is appropriate only if the judge determines that no reasonable jury could have reached the given verdict.

" She was fined $ 10, 000 and given a 10-year prison sentence, with Toguri's attorney Collins lambasting the verdict as " Guilty without evidence ".

Here is presentation and translation of complete verdict given by scholar called Ibn Hajr al-Haythami in his magnificent Fatawa work called Fatawa al-Hadithiyyah:

They were banished to Palestine, and Philoponus wrote a book against John Scholasticus, who had given his verdict in favour of his adversaries.

It was not the honourable thing to deny guilt once a guilty verdict had been given in a court of law, and therefore he followed the conventions of the day by admitting he was a sinner deserving of death.

They were accompanied by Lord Chief Justice Goddard, who had already selected Patrick Devlin as judge for Adams ' trial and then later phoned Devlin while the jury was considering its verdict, to recommend that Adams be given bail before a second trial for another count of murder.

In its third verdict ( Feb. 1952 ), the court blamed the villagers for depending on promises from the military ruler of Galilee, instead of benefiting from the legal remedy which was given to them by the court in its first relevant verdict.

As, assuredly, what must be mainly taken care of and complied with in handling these trials is that they be managed with maximum confidentiality and after the verdict is declared and put into effect never be mentioned again ( 20 February 1867 Instruction of the Holy Office, 14 ), each and every person, who in any way belongs to the tribunal or is given knowledge of the matter because of their office, is obliged to keep inviolate the strictest secrecy ( what is commonly called " the secrecy of the Holy Office ") in all things and with all persons, under pain of automatic ( latae sententiae ) excommunication, incurred ipso facto without need of any declaration other than the present one, and reserved to the Supreme Pontiff in person alone, excluding even the Apostolic Penitentiary.

Campbell was released when the warrant for his arrest was declared to be illegal, and ultimately a verdict was given in his favor.

Clark was convicted by a 10-2 majority verdict on 9 November 1999, and given the mandatory sentence of life imprisonment.

The President has the prerogative of mercy by Article 49 of the Constitution, which allows him to grant pardon to anybody, overriding any verdict given by any Court in Bangladesh.

Typically, the jury only judges guilt or a verdict of not guilty, but the actual penalty is set by the judge.

Common law precluded the judge from himself entering a verdict ; a new trial, with a new jury, was the only course permissible.

" A verdict without specific findings of fact that includes only findings of guilt, civil liability and an overall amount of civil damages, if awarded, is called a " general verdict.

In the Barrister's dream ( Fit 6 ), for example, the Snark not only serves as jury ( like Fury in regard to the Mouse in Alice ) but acts as the counsel for the defence as well, besides finding the verdict and passing the sentence.

So that a hasty verdict was brought in against him, and the question being asked, if he had anything to say, why judgement should not pass, he only said, that since the Court had refused to hear what was fit for him to speak in his defense, he had no more to say ; upon which Bridgeman pronounced the sentence.

Many others were outraged not at Calley's guilty verdict, but that he was the only one within the chain of command who was convicted.

According to Cornelius Nepos, in his defense Epaminondas merely requested that, if he be executed, the inscription regarding the verdict read: Epaminondas was punished by the Thebans with death, because he obliged them to overthrow the Lacedaemonians at Leuctra, whom, before he was general, none of the Boeotians durst look upon in the field, and because he not only, by one battle, rescued Thebes from destruction, but also secured liberty for all Greece, and brought the power of both people to such a condition, that the Thebans attacked Sparta, and the Lacedaemonians were content if they could save their lives ; nor did he cease to prosecute the war, till, after settling Messene, he shut up Sparta with a close siege.

After the verdict, they were led to their deaths at the Tullianum, the nearby dungeon which was the only known state prison of the ancient Romans.

Szpiner and Gibault appealed the verdict for a retrial on the grounds that the Central African Republic's constitution allowed a former head of state to be charged only with treason.

The jury handed down a verdict on August 1, 2012, finding that Dupont not only infringed, but willfully infringed, and awarded a verdict of $ 1 billion, the fourth-largest patent verdict in the history of the United States.

A judge may order a directed verdict as to an entire case or only to certain issues.

In a criminal case in the United States, a judge may order a directed verdict only for acquittal, for the ability to convict is reserved to the jury.

In general, the full panel of 71 judges was only convened on matters of national significance ( e. g., a declaration of war ) or in the event that the 23-member panel could not reach a conclusive verdict.

A jury verdict contrary to the letter of the law pertains only to the particular case before it.

In most modern Western legal systems, however, juries are often instructed to serve only as " finders of facts ", whose role it is to determine the veracity of the evidence presented, and the weight accorded to the evidence, to apply that evidence to the law and reach a verdict, but not to decide what the law is.

His contention that the constitution of the Court was contrary to the fundamental laws of the country was unheeded, and his claim that the jury was legally entitled to judge not only as to matters of fact but also as to the application of the law itself, as the Judges represented only ' Norman intruders ', whom the jury might here ignore in reaching a verdict, was described by an enraged judge as ' damnable, blasphemous heresy.

Now the " not guilty " verdict has become the normal verdict when a jury is convinced of innocence and the " not proven " verdict is only used when the jury is not certain of innocence or guilt.