" Thus in the example above, Hecuba presents herself as a sophisticated intellectual describing a rationalized cosmos yet the speech is ill-matched to her audience, Menelaus ( a type of the unsophisticated listener ), and soon it is found not to suit the cosmos either ( her infant grandson is brutally murdered by the victorious Greeks ).

" The tension between reason and passion is symbolized by his character's relationship with the gods, as in Hecuba's prayer, answered not by Zeus, nor by the Law of Reason, but by brutal Menelaus as if speaking on behalf of the old gods, and most famously in Bacchae, where the god Dionysus savages his own converts.

The Trojan Women for example is a powerfully disturbing play on the theme of war's horrors, apparently critical of Athenian imperialism ( it was composed in the aftermath of the Melian massacre and during the preparations for the Sicilian Expedition ) yet it features the comic exchange between Menelaus and Hecuba quoted above and the chorus considers Athens, the " blessed land of Theus ", to be a desirable refugesuch complexity and ambiguity are typical both of his ' patriotic ' and ' anti-war ' plays.

John Barth's novelette " Menelaiad " in Lost in the Funhouse is built around a battle between Proteus and Menelaus.

Other archaeologists consider that Pellana is too far away from other Mycenaean centres to have been the " capital of Menelaus.

Homer's Iliad is the most expansive source for Menelaus ' exploits during the Trojan War.

Menelaus is wounded in the abdomen, and the fighting resumes.

After their homecoming, Menelaus and Helen's marriage is strained ; Menelaus continually revisits the human cost of the Trojan War, particularly in light of the fact that Helen could not provide him a male heir.

According to Euripides ' Helen, after Menelaus dies, he is reunited with Helen on the Isle of the Blessed.

* Menelaus is portrayed by Niall MacGinnis in the 1956 film Helen of Troy.

* In the Coen Brothers ' O Brother, Where Art Thou ?, which is loosely based on Homer's Odyssey, Academy Award nominated actor Charles Durning plays Governor Menelaus ' Pappy ' O ' Daniel.

* In James Callis's revisionist 2003 miniseries Helen of Troy, Menelaus is encouraged to fight the Trojan War by his brother Agamemnon instead of by Helen's infidelity or the resulting slight to his honor.

Like the 1957 film that influenced it, Menelaus is portrayed as a brutish king out for revenge.

* Menelaus is a character in John Barth's short story, " Menelaiad " which is part of Lost in the Funhouse.

He was called Menelaus of Alexandria by both Pappus of Alexandria and Proclus, and a conversation of his with Lucius, held in Rome, is recorded by Plutarch.

The lunar crater Menelaus is named after him.

I have said elsewhere, that in sight of the pyramids, on the other side in Arabia, and near the stone quarries from which they are built, is a very rocky mountain, called the Trojan mountain ; beneath it there are caves, and near the caves and the river a village called Troy, an ancient settlement of the captive Trojans who had accompanied Menelaus and settled there.

* The Jewish High Priest Menelaus, who is supported by the Hellenist party, is removed from office and is executed.

While Antiochus IV is waging war against Egypt, he succeeds in making himself master of Jerusalem once more and forces Menelaus to seek refuge in the citadel.

* Hermione ( mythology ), only daughter of Menelaus and Helen in Greek mythology and original bearer of the name

Andromache has been taken prisoner in Epirus by Neoptolemus ( Pyrrhus ) who is due to be married to Hermione, the only daughter of the Spartan king Menelaus and Helen of Troy.

The theorem is very similar to Menelaus ' theorem in that their equations differ only in sign.

Proteus among the gods was particularly noted for his shape-shifting ; both Menelaus and Aristaeus seized him to win information from him, and succeeded only because they held on during his manifold shape changes.

It involved setting up two intersecting right triangles ; by applying Menelaus ' theorem it was possible to solve one of the six sides, but only if the other five sides were known.

In Greek mythology, Hermione ( Greek: ) was the eldest child and only daughter of Menelaus and Helen.

The Iliad says Helen had only one child, but other sources state that Helen had a daughter, Iphigenia, by Theseus before her marriage to Menelaus, and other myths say Helen and Menalaus had three sons: Aethiolas, Maraphius, and Pleisthenes.

It was only by hiding under a seal skin that he was able to ambush and capture Proteus, the only one who can direct Menelaus how to reach home.

Orestes ’ only hope to save his life lies in his uncle Menelaus, who has returned with Helen after spending ten years in Troy and several more years amassing wealth in Egypt.

When Menelaus wants to strike the finishing blow, Hector kills him to protect his brother.

The dialogue often contrasts so strongly with the mythical and heroic setting, it looks as if Euripides aimed at parody, as for example in The Trojan Women, where the heroine's rationalized prayer provokes comment from Menelaus:

This woman was Helen, who was, unfortunately for Paris, already married to King Menelaus of Sparta.

Agamemnon, king of Mycenae and the brother of Helen's husband Menelaus, led an expedition of Achaean troops to Troy and besieged the city for ten years because of Paris ' insult.

From Tenedos, Agamemnon sent an embassy to Priam, composed of Menelaus, Odysseus, and Palamedes, asking for Helen's return.

Antenor, who had given hospitality to Menelaus and Odysseus when they asked for the return of Helen, and who had advocated so, was spared, along with his family.

Proteus also told Menelaus that he was destined for Elysium ( Heaven ) after his death.

Menelaus and Helen had a daughter, Hermione as supported, for example, by Sappho and some variations of the myth suggest they had two sons as well.

Invoking the oath of Tyndareus, Menelaus and Agamemnon raised a fleet of one thousand ships according to legend and went to Troy to secure Helen's return ; the Trojans were recalcitrant, providing a casus belli for the Trojan War.

In Book 3, Menelaus challenges Paris to a duel for Helen's return.

The book introduces the concept of spherical triangle ( figures formed of three great circle arcs, which he named " trilaterals ") and proves Menelaus ' theorem on collinearity of points on the edges of a triangle ( which may have been previously known ) and its analog for spherical triangles.

Menelaus takes this opportunity to " outbid " Jason for the priesthood, resulting in Antiochus IV confirming Menelaus as the High Priest.

Dio Chrysostom gives a completely different account of the story, questioning Homer's credibility: after Agamemnon had married Helen's sister, Klytaemnestra, Tyndareus sought Helen's hand for Menelaus on account of political reasons.

Helen returned to Sparta and lived for a time with Menelaus, where she was encountered by Telemachus in The Odyssey.

Below her, the two armies are preparing for the duel between Menelaus and Paris.

But Nauplius kept Clymene for himself and Aerope married Pleisthenes, by whom she became the mother of Agamemnon and Menelaus.

When Thyestes seized control in Mycenae, two exiled princes, Agamemnon and Menelaus came to Sparta, where they were received as guests and lived for a number of years.

Book X – Agamemnon and Menelaus rounded up their principal commanders to get ready for battle the next day.

Philoctetes hated Odysseus, Agamemnon and Menelaus, because they were responsible for leaving him behind.

As such, he was required to participate in the conflict to reclaim her for Menelaus in the Trojan War.

Menelaus was arrested for Onias ' murder, and was arraigned before Antiochus, but he bribed his way out of trouble.