In the same letter Tolkien states he was given the form of an old man in order to limit his powers on Earth.

Tolkien states ( Letters, 297 ) that the name comes from Anglo-Saxon éarendel.

Explaining the insertion of the term in one poem included there Tolkien states that Manwë will " descend from Taniquetil " in order to confront Morgoth, an event that is foreshadowed in " Myths Transformed ", one text published in Morgoth's Ring.

In a relevant passage in Morgoth's Ring, Tolkien states that Saruman did interbreed orcs and men, resulting in " Man-orcs large and cunning, and Orc-men treacherous and vile.

* J. R. R. Tolkien uses the king in the mountain in various places in his legendarium: the form of the Dead Men of Dunharrow, the armies and king of Númenor who are trapped by the Valar when Númenor is destroyed, and in the Second Prophecy of Mandos which states that the dead heroes Túrin and Beren would return to help to defeat Morgoth at the end of times.

Tolkien indirectly states that Théoden's death could have been prevented if Gandalf had helped the Rohirrim instead, as he had intended.

Their grandson Simon Tolkien states on his website that Edith loved spending time at Bournemouth's Miramar Hotel.

Gandalf states that his name in " the south " is " Incánus " ( which is obviously Latin and means " very grey-haired " and thus may be simply a translation of the original Olorin's name among the Haradrim, just like name " Gandalf " itself is an anglicized Old Norse translation of a Westron name ), thought by some to be a Haradrim name, but speculated by Tolkien to actually be a Westron or Sindarin form from Gondor.

Tolkien states in the appendix to The Silmarillion, " Elements in Quenya and Sindarin Names ", that " Eärnil " is a shortened form of " Eärendil ".

In 2004, Hostetter states that he still does not have ( and never will have ) permission to publish any of his group's work with Tolkien's papers without the review and approval of the Tolkien Estate's lawyers for copyright reasons.

" Farmer Giles of Ham " is a Medieval fable written by J. R. R. Tolkien in 1937 and published in 1949.

It was around this time that J. R. R. Tolkien was employed by the OED, researching etymologies of the Waggle to Warlock range ; he parodied the principal editors as " The Four Wise Clerks of Oxenford " in the story Farmer Giles of Ham.

Further, Tolkien calls a fire-breathing dragon in the non-Middle-earth story Farmer Giles of Ham a " hot " one.

It is sometimes published in an omnibus edition with Farmer Giles of Ham, another Tolkien novella with illustrations by Pauline Baynes.

Baynes had greatly impressed Tolkien with her illustrations for his Farmer Giles of Ham ( 1949 ).

* Farmer Giles of Ham, a 1949 Medieval fable written by J. R. R. Tolkien

The story has appeared with other works by Tolkien in omnibus editions, including The Tolkien Reader and Tales from the Perilous Realm.

George R. R. Martin set the Ice and Fire story in an alternative world of Earth or a " secondary world ", such as J. R. R. Tolkien pioneered with Middle-earth.

" Leaf by Niggle " is a short story written by J. R. R. Tolkien in 1938 – 39 and first published in the Dublin Review in January 1945.

In conclusion and as expanded upon in an epilogue, Tolkien asserts that a truly good and representative fairy story is marked by joy: " Far more powerful and poignant is the effect joy in a serious tale of Faerie.

" Tolkien sees Christianity as partaking in and fulfilling the overarching mythological nature of the cosmos: " I would venture to say that approaching the Christian story from this perspective, it has long been my feeling ( a joyous feeling ) that God redeemed the corrupt making-creatures, men, in a way fitting to this aspect, as to others, of their strange nature.

Tolkien's opinion was adopted by another Christian writer, C. S. Lewis, in their conversations: " Tolkien explained to Lewis that the story of Christ was the true myth at the very heart of history and at the very root of reality.

Tolkien, however, is not simply skimming historical sources for effect: linguistic styles, especially the relationship between the modern and ancient, has been seen to be one of the major themes explored by the story.

Tolkien wrote the later story in much less humorous tones and infused it with more complex moral and philosophical themes.

Many of the thematic and stylistic differences arose because Tolkien wrote The Hobbit as a story for children, and The Lord of the Rings for the same audience, who had subsequently grown up since its publication.

The young Tolkien attempted a retelling of the story of Kullervo from the Kalevala in the style of The House of the Wolfings ; Tolkien considered much of his literary work to have been inspired by an early reading of Morris, even suggesting that he was unable to better Morris's work ; the names of characters such as " Gandolf " and the horse Silverfax appear in The Well at the World's End.

Here is set briefly the story of the Elvish languages as conceived by Tolkien c. 1965.

Smaug is a fictional character in the novel The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien and the main antagonist within the story.

" This theft of a cup, Smaug's knowledge of every item in the hoard, and the dragon's ensuing rampage all echo the story of Beowulf, on which Tolkien was a noted expert and which he described as one of his " most valued sources " for The Hobbit.

Frodo becomes in some ways the symbolic representation of the conscience of Hobbits, a point made explicitly in the story " Leaf by Niggle " which Tolkien wrote at the same time as the first nine chapters of The Lord of the Rings.

By the time Tolkien began rewriting " The Council of Elrond " a year later, he had developed a story that Aragorn's ancestors were in past Kings in Boromir's hometown.

Further development of geography was compared by Christopher Tolkien to his father's notes on the creation process: " I wisely started with a map, and made the story fit ".

The most Dwarf-centric story from The Book of Lost Tales, " The Nauglafring ", was not redrafted to fit with the later positive portrayal of the dwarves from The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, nor other events in the Silmarillion, leading Christopher Tolkien significantly to rewrite it with input from Guy Gavriel Kay in preparation for publication.

Tolkien felt the chosen title revealed too much of the story, and indicated he preferred The War of the Ring as a title.

This was intended to be part of a preface by Tolkien to George MacDonald's famous fairy story " The Golden Key ".

Shippey also suggests that, while Tolkien discouraged reading this story as allegory, a good case can be made that Nokes represents the literary, critical approach to studying English, belittling the contributions of the philological approach represented by the previous Master Cook.

The provenance of the story is sometimes explained internally, as in The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien, which depicts the Red Book of Westmarch ( a story-internal version of the book itself ) as a history compiled by several of the characters.

The view of J. R. R. Tolkien is that the poem retains a much too genuine memory of Anglo-Saxon paganism to have been composed more than a few generations after the completion of the Christianisation of England around AD 700.

The Hobbit by J. R. R. Tolkien ( 1937 ) is seminal, predating the lecture On Fairy-Stories by the same author by a few years.

Tolkien insists, tongue in cheek, that the village of Thame originally referred to the Tame Dragon housed in it, and that " tame with an h is a folly without warrant.

In contrast to Tolkien, Martin does not intend to publish his private backstory notes after the series is finished.

J. R. R. Tolkien, in the legendarium surrounding his Elves, uses " Gnomes " as a name of the Noldor, the most gifted and technologically minded of his elvish races, in conscious exploitation of the similarity with gnomic ; Gnomes is thus Tolkien's English loan-translation of Quenya Noldor, " those with knowledge ".

Tolkien, the magical realism of Gabriel García Márquez ) and what the significance of this difference is.

is: J. R. R. Tolkien

" On Fairy-Stories " is an essay by J. R. R. Tolkien which discusses the fairy-story as a literary form.

Tolkien emphasizes that through the use of fantasy, which he equates with fancy and imagination, the author can bring the reader to experience a world which is consistent and rational, under rules other than those of the normal world.

J. R. R. Tolkien opposed the nationalist reaction against philological practices, claiming that " the philological instinct " was " universal as is the use of language ".

Probably the most famous user of proverbs in novels is J. R. R. Tolkien in his The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings series.

Tolkien: Master of Middle-earth ," which describes the impact Tolkien's writings had on him, is featured in the following titles:

The book, featuring a text in Middle English with extensive scholarly notes, is frequently confused with the translation into Modern English that Tolkien prepared, along with translations of Pearl and Sir Orfeo, late in his life.

Tolkien is credited with being the first critic to expound on Beowulf as a literary work with value beyond merely historical, and his 1936 lecture Beowulf: the Monsters and the Critics is still required reading for students of Anglo-Saxon.

The Mythopoeic Society is a literary organization devoted to the study of mythopoeic literature, particularly the works of J. R. R. Tolkien, C. S. Lewis, and Charles Williams, founded in 1967 and incorporated as a non-profit organization in 1971.

One of the most popular " trilogies " of fantasy books, The Lord of the Rings by J. R. R. Tolkien, is not a trilogy, though it is often referred to as such.

The sarati, described in Parma Eldalamberon 13, a script developed by J. R. R. Tolkien in the late 1910s, anticipates many features of the tengwar, especially the vowel representation by diacritics ( which is found in many tengwar varieties ), different tengwar shapes and a few correspondences between sound features and letter shape features ( though inconsistent ).

Even closer to the tengwar is the Valmaric script, described in Parma Eldalamberon 14, which J. R. R. Tolkien used from about 1922 to 1925.