Ideologically, Maoists, left communists, and anarchists all consider Trotskyism, and thus also the Fourth International, to be ideologically bankrupt and impotent.

In post – Revolutionary Russia, Stalinism ( Socialism in one country ) and Trotskyism ( Permanent world revolution ) were the principal philosophies of Communism that claimed legitimate ideological descent from Leninism ' thus, within the Communist Party, each ideological faction denied the political legitimacy of the opposing faction.

As a result, since 1917, Trotskyism as a political theory is fully committed to a Leninist style of democratic centralist party organisation, which Trotskyists argue must not be confused with the party organisation as it later developed under Stalin.

At the time of the founding of the Fourth International in 1938 Trotskyism was a mass political current in Vietnam, Sri Lanka and slightly later Bolivia.

However, the ICFI presents itself as the political continuity of the Fourth International and Trotskyism, not as the FI itself.

The International Socialist Organization ( ISO ) is a revolutionary socialist organization in the United States that identifies with Trotskyism, and the Marxist political tradition of " socialism from below .".

The Congress did not attempt to present the ICFI as ' the Fourth International ', rather it positioned the IC as a force that defended what it saw as the political continuity of Trotskyism and called for the ' rebuilding and reconstruction of the Fourth International '.

* Trotskyism vs. Revisionism Volume 7: The Fourth International and the Renegade Wohlforth ( 1984 ), this volume contains documents from the political struggle waged within the Workers League against Tim Wohlforth, who deserted his post as national secretary in 1973.

In the 1980s the Socialist Workers Party and its international supporters within the Fourth International ( FI ) broke from many of the traditional positions of Trotskyism, including the theory of Permanent Revolution, and embraced positions that marked a political convergence with the Cuban Communist Party and the Frente Sandinista de Liberación Nacional.

After the end of World War II, Ta Thu Thau reconstituted the ' La Lutte ' (' The Struggle ') group and became the foremost leader of Vietnamese Trotskyism, but in the events of the August Revolution of 1945, and under the impact of the re-establishment of French colonial rule and repression from the Communist-led Viet Minh, his political current lost any significant influence.

Trotskyism is the theory of communism as advocated by Leon Trotsky, or is more loosely used to denote various political currents claiming a tradition of Marxist and / or socialist opposition to both Stalinism and capitalism.

On the political spectrum of Marxism, Trotskyism is considered to be on the left.

RCL -( I ) viewed the Workers World Party as having abandoned Trotskyism to its political detriment ..

As the border changes sparked a political crisis leading to an Iron Guard takeover — the National Legionary State — the interior wing's confusion intensified: the upper echelon faced investigation from Georgi Dimitrov ( as well as other Comintern officials ) on charges of " Trotskyism ", and, since the FRN had crumbled, several low-ranking party officials actually began collaborating with the new regime.

Like the British New Left, they recognized problems in the communism of the Soviet Union, but unlike the British New Left, they did not turn to Trotskyism or social democracy.

The Left Opposition in the Soviet Union gave rise to Trotskyism which was to remain isolated and insignificant for another fifty years, except in Sri Lanka, where Trotskyism gained the majority and the pro-Moscow wing was expelled from the Communist Party.

A more current term for Left Shachtmanism is Third-Camp Trotskyism, the Third Camp being differentiated from capitalism and Stalinism.

The Left Opposition in the Soviet Union gave rise to Trotskyism which was to remain isolated and insignificant for another fifty years, except in Sri Lanka where Trotskyism gained the majority and the pro-Moscow wing was expelled from the Communist Party.

* Also of interest is volume 5 number 4 of Spring 1995 of the journal Revolutionary History: " Through Fascism, War and Revolution: Trotskyism and Left Communism in Italy ".

From the beginning, Solidarity was an avowedly pluralist organization that included several currents of Trotskyism, socialist-feminists, and veterans of New Left groups.

At its core was the ' T-group ', a groupuscule of Trotskyists motivated by Philip Gunawardena, who had been active in Comintern politics, being expelled for Trotskyism and who had built up links with the Left Opposition on the continent.

* Left in Form, Right in Essence A Critique of Contemporary Trotskyism by Carl Davidson.

Opposition to Stalin by Trotsky led to a dissident Bolshevik ideology called Trotskyism that was repressed under Stalin's rule.

The Communist League of America ( Opposition ) was founded by James P. Cannon, Max Shachtman and Martin Abern late in 1928 after their expulsion from the Communist Party USA for Trotskyism.

The International Right Opposition and Trotskyism are examples of dissidents who still claim communism today, but they are not the only ones.

The theory of Permanent Revolution considers that in many countries, which are thought under Trotskyism to have not yet completed a bourgeois-democratic revolution, the capitalist class oppose the creation of any revolutionary situation.

up to the outbreak of the February revolution and for a time after Trotskyism did not mean the idea that it was impossible to build a socialist society within the national boundaries of Russia ( which " possibility " was never expressed by anybody up to 1924 and hardly came into anybody ’ s head ).

In 1935, a Marxist-Leninist named Moissaye J. Olgin published a book entitled Trotskyism: Counter-Revolution in Disguise in which he put forward the idea that Trotskyism was " the enemy of the working class " and that it " should be shunned by anybody who has sympathy for the revolutionary movement of the exploited and oppressed the world over.

He was one of the pioneers of Trotskyism in Merseyside, helping form the Militant Workers ' Federation after the war, which was involved in a large apprentices movement mainly amongst engineering and electrical apprentices in the AEU and the ETU.

This tendency had moved further away from the " orthodox Trotskyism " of the SWP, which made for an uncomfortable presence.

The Socialist Workers Party broke formally with the Fourth International in 1990 though it had been increasingly inactive in the Trotskyist movement since National Secretary Jack Barnes ' 1982 speech, " Their Trotsky and Ours ", which some view as signaling a break with Trotskyism.

Moreover, these divisions, which included accusations of Trotskyism ( and even Fascism ) by the Communists, resulted in actual fighting between their supporters ; most notably, in 1937, a primarily-Communist coalition of government forces attacked the POUM during the Barcelona May Days.

As they regard both sides of the 1953 split in the Fourth International to have affirmed this stance, which they regard as a fundamental breach with Leninism and Trotskyism, and as they believe all the major forces having emerged from the Fourth International to be implementing this false ' processist ' methodology today, they call for a new Fifth International to be built by the working class forces fighting neoliberalism worldwide, including from the workers ' trade unions, parties and other forces participating in the World Social Forum and analogous continental formations like the Asian and European Social Forums.

As they regard both sides of the 1953 split in the Fourth International to have affirmed this stance, which they regard as a fundamental breach with Leninism and Trotskyism, and as they believe all the major forces having emerged from the Fourth International to be implementing this false ' processist ' methodology today, they call for a new Fifth International to be built by the working class forces fighting neoliberalism worldwide, including from the workers ' trade unions, parties and other forces participating in the World Social Forum and analogous continental formations like the Asian and European Social Forums.

The SWP ( US ) and its co-thinkers formally left the International in 1990, following the Socialist Workers Party ( Australia ) which had developed similar criticisms of Trotskyism to the SWP, but had reached different conclusions by the time of its departure in 1986.

Typically these discussions came to nothing, but they were able to recruit from the disintegrating Ligue des Communistes Internationalistes ( LCI ) in Belgium, a group which had broken from Trotskyism.

At this point they adopted a revolutionary defeatist position on the war and condemned Trotskyism for its critical defence of Russia ( which was seen by Trotskyists as a degenerated workers ' state ).

It has been argued by some on the left that Matgamna's embrace of the politics of Shachtman and Draper, which he has described as " the other Trotskyism ", merely reverses his embrace of the ideas of James P. Cannon in the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s.

It did so in July 1978 with The Poisoned Well, a critical analysis of the development of USec which was republished in Trotskyism Today.

In Liverpool, the militant tradition to which Taaffe refers was can be traced to a founder member of the Communist Party ( Albert Houghton ) who had " long battled with the Stalinists " forming a basis for Trotskyism in Liverpool before the Second World War.

While not a member of the International Socialist Tendency, SA remains committed to the ideas and positions associated with the International Socialist tradition of Trotskyism advanced by Tony Cliff, which sees the states of the former USSR, Eastern Europe, China, Vietnam, North Korea and Cuba as being in no sense socialist, rather forms of " state capitalism ", where workers are exploited by a bureaucratic ruling class.

He was accused of Trotskyism and espionage for Nazi Germany, and sentenced to death after a trial, which unlike the well-known Moscow Trials, received very little publicity.

Within days, Spain was divided in two: a " Republican " or " Loyalist " Spain consisting of the Second Spanish Republic ( within which were pockets of revolutionary anarchism and Trotskyism ) and a " Nationalist " Spain under the insurgent generals, and, eventually, under the leadership of General Francisco Franco.