El appears in Ugaritic, Phoenician and other 2nd and 1st millennium BCE texts both as generic " god " and as the head of the divine pantheon.

Ugaritic texts from Ras Shamra and Enkomi mention Ya, the Assyrian name of Cyprus, that thus seems to have been in use already in the late Bronze Age.

El and Baʿal are often associated with the bull in Ugaritic texts, as a symbol both of strength and fertility.

Certainly some of the Ugaritic texts and Sanchuniathon report hostility between El and Hadad, perhaps representing a cultic and religious differences reflected in Hebrew tradition also, in which Yahweh in the Tanach is firmly identified with El and might be expected to be somewhat hostile to Baʿal / Hadad and the deities of his circle.

Resheph is mentioned in Ugaritic mythological texts such as the epic of Kirta and The Mare and Horon.

In the Ugaritic texts El, the supreme god of the pantheon, resides on Mount Lel ( perhaps meaning " Night ") and it is there that the assembly of the gods meet.

But even before the discovery of the Ugaritic texts some suspected that Hadad-rimmon might be a dying god like Adonis or Tammuz, perhaps even the same as Tammuz, and the allusion could then be to mournings for Hadad such as those which usually accompanied the Adonis festivals.

In the Ugaritic texts Lotan, or possibly another of Yam's helpers, is given the epithets " wriggling serpent " and " mighty one with the seven heads.

To complete the picture we should also mention the eunuch priests of Artemis at Ephesus ; the western Semitic qedeshim, the male “ temple prostitutes ” known from the Hebrew Bible and Ugaritic texts of the late second millennium ; and the keleb, priests of Astarte at Kition and elsewhere.

The Ugaritic language is attested in texts from the 14th through the 12th century BCE.

According to one hypothesis, Ugaritic texts might solve the biblical puzzle of the anachronism of Ezekiel mentioning Daniel at ; it is because in both Ugaritic and the Ancient Hebrew texts, it is correctly Danel.

In the Ugaritic texts ( before 1200 BCE ) Athirat is almost always given her full title rbt ym, rabat yammi, ' Lady Athirat of the Sea ' or as more fully translated ' She who treads on the sea ', ( Ugaritic: )

The phrase bene elohim, usually translated " sons of God ", has an exact parallel in Ugaritic and Phoenician texts, referring to the council of the gods.

( Rahab is an exclusively Hebrew sea-monster ; others, including Leviathan and the tannin, or dragons, are found in Ugaritic texts ; it is not entirely clear whether they are identical with Sea or are Sea's helpers ).

The mountain or summit is referred to as Saphon in Ugaritic texts where the palace of Baal is located in a myth about Attar.

Astarte appears in Ugaritic texts under the name ʻAthtart ', but is little mentioned in those texts.

It is still discussed among scholars of the Ancient Near East whether or not there is clear evidence for a seven-year cycle in Ugaritic texts.

Another important distinction is that in ancient Near East legal codes, or in more recently unearthed Ugaritic texts, an important, and ultimate, role was assigned to the king, whereas in the Law of Ancient Israel, Israel was intended to be a theocracy, not a monarchy.

The Kotharat, or Kotharot, or Kathirat ( various suggested pronunciations of Ugaritic k < u > t </ u > rt ), ' the skilful ones ' were a group of northwest Semitic goddesses appearing in the Ugartic texts as divine midwives.

The earliest Ugaritic contact with Egypt ( and the first exact dating of Ugaritic civilization ) comes from a carnelian bead identified with the Middle Kingdom pharaoh Senusret I, 1971 BC – 1926 BC.

However, a dozen Ugaritic tablets from the fourteenth century BC preserve the alphabet in two sequences.

" Esther " may have been a different Hebrew interpretation from the Proto-Semitic root "*? aθtar-' morning / evening star '", which descended with the / th / into the Ugaritic Athtiratu and Arabian Athtar.

Here alone is preserved a summary of the writings of the Phoenician priest Sanchuniathon of which the accuracy has been shown by the mythological accounts found on the Ugaritic tables, here alone is the account from Diodorus Siculus's sixth book of Euhemerus ' wondrous voyage to the island of Panchaea where Euhemerus purports to have found his true history of the gods, and here almost alone is preserved writings of the neo-Platonist philosopher Atticus along with so much else.

Frank Moore Cross argued for a connection to, the Ugaritic and Akkadian name for Mount Amanus, the great mountain separating Syria from Cilicia based on the occurrence of an Ugaritic description of El as the one of the Mountain Haman.

Ugaritic has been called " the greatest literary discovery from antiquity since the deciphering of the Egyptian hieroglyphs and Mesopotamian cuneiform ".

The Ugaritic alphabet is a cuneiform abjad ( alphabet without vowels ), used from around 15th century BCE.

The Ugaritic script is a cuneiform ( wedge-shaped ) abjad used from around either the fifteenth century BCE or 1300 BCE for Ugaritic, an extinct Northwest Semitic language, and discovered in Ugarit ( modern Ras Shamra ), Syria, in 1928.

The name understood by various translators and commentators to be from the Ugaritic root ' stride ' cognate with the Hebrew root of the same meaning.

The Northwest Semitic languages, including Hebrew, differentiated noticeably during the Iron Age ( 1200 – 540 BC ), although in its earliest stages Biblical Hebrew was not highly differentiated from Ugaritic and Amarna Canaanite.

The two goddesses were invariably linked in Ugaritic scripture and are also known to have formed a triad ( known from sculpture ) with a third goddess whose was given the name / title of Qadesh ( meaning " the holy one ").

Frank Moore Cross argued for a connection to, the Ugaritic and Akkadian name for Mount Amanus, the great mountain separating Syria from Cilicia based on the occurrence of an Ugaritic description of El as the one of the Mountain Haman.

Obermann suggests a close association with between the concept of " name " and " fate or purpose " from the West Semitic root " šm " and cites several examples in the Ugaritic text in which the naming of a person or object determines future function which is a familiar theme in many mythologies.

The divine name or epithet Ashima-Yaho ( haShema YHWH ) which is attested in the papyri from the Yahweh temple of Elephantine in Egypt has been connected in both theme and structure with a title of Astarte which appears in the Ugaritic texts as Astarte Name-of-Baal ( e. g., KTU (“ Keilalphabetische Texte aus Ugarit ”) 1. 16. vi. 56 ).

of an article in the American Journal of Archaeology detailing the petrographic and chemical analysis of a number of the Amarna and Ugaritic letters sent from Alashiya.

Ugaritic texts from Ras Shamra and Enkomi mention Ya, the Assyrian name of Cyprus, that thus seems to have been in use already in the late Bronze Age.

The name is derived from the Northwest Semitic root zbl, common in 2nd millennium BC Ugaritic texts as an epithet ( title ) of the god Baal, as well as in Phoenician and ( frequently ) in biblical Hebrew in personal names.

Gordon is well known for his books on Ugaritic, the ancient language of 14th century ( BC / BCE ) coastal Syria, publishing the first in 1940.

Ugaritic inscriptions refer to Egypt as Msrm, in the Amarna tablets it is called Misri, and Assyrian and Babylonian records called Egypt Musur and Musri.

The Proto-Sinatic or Proto Canaanite script and the Ugaritic script were the first scripts with limited number of signs, in contrast to the other widely used writing systems at the time, Cuneiform, Egyptian hieroglyphs, and Linear B.

The association of the serpent with a monstrous opponent overcome by a heroic deity has its roots in the mythology of the Ancient Near East, including Canaanite ( Hebrew, Ugaritic ), Hittite and Mesopotamian.

Other languages in the Northwest Semitic Canaanite group include ; Phoenecian, Ugaritic, Amorite, Ammonite, Moabite and Edomite.

The Late Bronze Age state of Ugarit ( modern Ras Shamra in Syria ) is considered quintessentially Canaanite archaeologically, even though its Ugaritic language does not belong to the Canaanite group proper.

In the Canaanite pantheon as attested in Ugaritic sources, Hadad was the son of El, who had once been the primary god of the Canaanite pantheon.

The Phoenician text has long been known to be in a Semitic, more specifically Canaanite language ( very closely related to Hebrew, and also relatively close to Aramaic and Ugaritic ); hence there was no need for it to be " deciphered.

The word is identical to the usual plural of el meaning gods or magistrates, and is cognate to the l-h-m found in Ugaritic, where it is used for the pantheon of Canaanite Gods, the children of El and conventionally vocalized as " Elohim " even though this is a speculation as Ugaritic as a consonantal written language only recorded consonants.

An exact cognate outside of Hebrew is found in Ugaritic ʾlhm, the family of El, the creator god and chief deity of the Canaanite pantheon, in Biblical Aramaic and later Syriac Alaha " God ", and in Arabic ʾilāh " god, deity " ( or Allah as " The God ").

His first direction was as a Semiticist, with publications on Ugaritic, Phoenician, and Canaanite, and on the origins of the alphabet ; and later on Hebrew, both classical and modern.

The area where Levantine Arabic is spoken used to speak Canaanite languages ( Eblaite, Ugaritic, and then Hebrew-Phoenician, characterized by shift of semitic / ā / to / ō / and / θ / to / š /).

The Canaanite languages, together with the Aramaic languages and Ugaritic, form the Northwest Semitic subgroup.

Ben-Sasson's A History of the Jewish People, 1976, page 11-12: " From the Ugaritic evidence ... Other central deities the Canaanite pantheon were ... Moth, the deity of death and the nether world " (; and ).

Yam, from the Canaanite word Yam, ( Hebrew ים ) meaning " Sea ", also written " Yaw ", is one name of the Ugaritic god of Rivers and Sea.

An Asherah pole is a sacred tree or pole that stood near Canaanite religious locations to honor the Ugaritic mother-goddess Asherah, consort of El.

* Canaanite / Ugaritic Mythology FAQ, ver.

More recently detailed study of the Ugaritic material, other inscriptions from the Levant and also of the Ebla archive from Tel Mardikh, excavated in 1960 by a joint Italo-Syrian team, have cast more light on the early Canaanite religion.

More recently, detailed study of the Ugaritic material, other inscriptions from the Levant and also of the Ebla archive from Tel Mardikh, excavated in 1960 by a joint Italo-Syrian team, have cast more light on the early Canaanite religion.