The city of Ujjain arose as a major center in the region, during the second wave of Indian urbanization in the sixth century BCE.

Bhāskara is said to have been the head of an astronomical observatory at Ujjain, the leading mathematical center of ancient India.

From 388 to 409 he subjugated Gujarat, the region north of Mumbai, Saurashtra, in western India, and Malwa, with its capital at Ujjain .< ref >< http :// www. britannica. com / EBchecked / topic / 92493 / Chandra-Gupta-II >.</ ref > Culturally, the reign of Chandragupta II marked a Golden Age.

Mandsaur District forms the northern projection of Madhya Pradesh from its western Division, i. e., Ujjain Commissioner's Division.

In some of the sources the division is recorded as having been between Samprati and Dasaratha, the latter holding the eastern parts with the capital at Pataliputra and the former the western imperium with the capital at Ujjain.

* Base year of the Vikrama Era, founded by Vikrama, king of Ujjain in India.

Samprati built thousands of Jain Temples in India, many of which are still in use, such as the Jain temples at Viramgam and Palitana ( Gujarat ), Agar Malwa ( Ujjain ).

* 5th century-Observatory at Ujjain, India

The Kumbh Mela, held every twelve years, at Allahabad, Haridwar, Nashik and Ujjain is one of the largest fairs in India, where over 60 million people gathered in January 2001, making it the largest gathering anywhere in the world.

In the 6th century CE, Paramārtha, a Buddhist monk from Ujjain in central India, wrote about a special affiliation of the school with the Mahāyāna tradition.

Three monastic orders were instrumental in Shaiva Siddhanta ’ s diffusion through India ; the Amardaka order, identified with one of Shaivism ’ s holiest cities, Ujjain, the Mattamayura order, in the capital of the Chalukya dynasty near the Karnataka, and the Madhumateya order of Central India.

His temples or shrines are present within or near most Jyotirlinga temples, the sacred twelve shrines dedicated to Shiva across India, including Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Varanasi and the Mahakaleshwar Temple at Ujjain, where at the Kal Bhairav Temple, he is worshipped by the Kapalika and Aghori sects of Shaivism, here one can also find the Patal Bhairav and Vikrant Bahirav shrines.

Moreover, Ujjain is one of seven most holy places for Hindus in India where Varanasi is considered as the holiest of the seven holy cities.

Since Ujjain is one of the oldest cities in India, it has been known by many names:

Ujjain is situated on the Malwa Plateau in Central India.

India census, Ujjain had a population of 515, 215.

In Ujjain, 13 % of the population is under 7 years. Ujjain city is spread on the area of 93 km < sup > 2 </ sup > and is 72nd largest city in India and 5th in M. P.

Ujjain experiences a warm sub-tropical climate, typical of the North Central India.

* Mahakaleshwar Temple, Ujjain On India Tours

It is said that Samprati built thousands of Jain Temples in India, many of which are still in use, such as the Jain temples at Viramgam and Palitana ( Gujarat ), Agar Malwa ( Ujjain ).

A Puja ( Hinduism ) | puja performed on the banks of the overflowing Shipra River in Ujjain during the Climate of India # Monsoon | summer monsoon.

The Kumbh Mela, held every twelve years, at Allahabad, Haridwar, Nashik and Ujjain is one of the largest fairs in India, where over 60 million people gathered in January 2001, making it the largest gathering anywhere in the world.

They lived in Ujjain, Avantika, Sambal, Indraprastha, Rajasthan and other Northern India parts up to 7th Century A. D.

In all, between 1727 and 1734, Jai Singh II, built five similar observatories, Yantra Mantras, in west central India, all known by the same name, thus includes ones at Jaipur-Yantra Mantra ( Jaipur ), Ujjain, Mathura and Varanasi.

This extended his control from coast-to-coast, estabilshed a second capital at Ujjain and was the high point of the empire.

Goods were also brought down in quantity from Ujjain, the capital of the Western Satraps:

In the east, the Indian king Vikrama retook Ujjain from the Indo-Scythians, celebrating his victory by the creation of the Vikrama Era ( starting 58 BCE ).

SAIL has plans to operate a Special Processing Unit from Ujjain to cater to regional supply.

Ujjain also generates huge revenue from the boost given to the economy by the holy fair of Kumbh Mela locally known as Simhastha.

* Distance from Ujjain: 37 km

Paramārtha, a 6th century CE Indian monk from Ujjain, unequivocally associates the Dharmaguptaka school with the Mahāyāna, and portrays the Dharmaguptakas as being perhaps the closest to a straightforward Mahāyāna sect.

He graduated in civil engineering from Vikram University in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh ), and served for 20 years as an engineer in the Bombay Municipal Corporation before taking voluntary retirement in 1972, to devote himself to the Bohra reform movement.

He extended Satavahana rule over Madhya Pradesh and pushed back the Sakas from Pataliputra ( he is thought to be the Yuga Purana's " Shata ", an abbreviation of the full name “ Shri Sata ” that occurs on coins from Ujjain ), where he subsequently ruled for 10 years.

It traces its descent from one Ujjain Singh and his son, Gaj Singh, who received the title of Raja from the Emperor Shah Jahan ( 1628 – 58 ).

Two learned Brahmin brothers from the school of Ujjain, who were pre-eminent surgeons of the era, performed a surgery on his brain and relieved him of his tumor.

Someshvara, the Chalukya king subsequently invaded the Paramara kingdom and stormed the fort of Mandu after a long siege, then took Ujjain, and finally captured Dhara the capital of Bhoja from him.

Bhoja unfazed retreated north and with the help of Rajendra Chola who kept the pressure from the south, took back Dhara and Ujjain.

The Jaina text, mentions that he ruled both from Pataliputra and Ujjain.

Not much is known about him aside from his wars against Vijayanagar ( 1423 ), Warangal ( 1424 – 1425 ), Malwa ( an ancient kingdom whose capital was situated in Ujjain ) ( 1425 – 1435 ), and against Gujarat ( 1425 – 1435 ).

There are regular bus services from Ujjain ( 133 km ), Indore ( 77 km ), Khandwa ( 61 km.

Sharad Joshi was born on May 21, 1931 in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh to Sriniwas and Santi Joshi, a second child in the family of two sons, and four daughters, Sharad was interested in writing right from his childhood.

Daulatrao Scindia shifted the capital from Ujjain to the new city of Lashkar, near the historic fortress-city of Gwalior.