While the treaty was practically obsolete before the end of the year, it did provide some relief to the Bolsheviks, who were tied up in fighting the Russian Civil War, and it affirmed the independence of Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Belarus, Ukraine, and Lithuania.

He approved of the Reichenau Order and must have known what it portended for the Jews of Ukraine, yet " sat silent and acquiescent " while the Einsatzgruppen did their work.

In Europe, after the loss of the Roman system, the common use of family names started quite early in some areas ( France in the 13th century, and Germany in the 16th century ), but it often did not happen until much later in areas that used a patronymic naming custom, such as the Scandinavian countries, Wales, and some areas of Germany as well as Eastern European countries such as Russia and Ukraine.

The State Administration of Railway transport of Ukraine announced its intent to buy 7 Pendolinos for the UEFA Euro 2012 in 2008, but did not have the financing yet.

This is an indication that the major-minor system developed in Western European music did not become as entrenched or as sophisticated in Ukraine.

While World War II ( called the Great Patriotic War by the Soviet government ) did not end before May 1945, the Germans were driven out of Ukraine between February 1943 and October 1944.

Kalm did field research in Sweden, Russia, and Ukraine from 1742 to 1746, when he was appointed Docent of Natural History and Economics at the Academy of Turku.

One of Ukrainian-Jewish leaders in independent Ukraine wrote that " Petliura did not want or was not able to defend Ukrainian Jews from his own army ".

Herriot declared to the press that there was no famine in Ukraine, that he did not see any trace of it, and that this showed adversaries of the Soviet Union were spreading the rumour.

After the 2007 parliamentary election the parties associated with the Our Ukraine Bloc ( named Our Ukraine – People's Self-Defense Bloc in 2007 ) lost popular support greatly while Front of Changes ( the party of former Our Ukraine politician Arseniy Yatsenyuk ) and Strong Ukraine achieved good results in polls for the next Ukrainian parliamentary election and in the 2010 local elections ; so did All-Ukrainian Union " Svoboda ", a party who can not be placed in the above mentioned two major movements.

Lebed did not consider Ukraine and Belarus nations separate from Russia, nor did he consider Ukrainian and Belarusian languages separate from Russian, ( in 1995 ) he believed both states, with the Russian Federation, would become part of a new state on a confederate basis at the end of the 20th century.

Nevertheless, various states had been engaged in, or facilitated, arms sales to the warring factions: Bulgaria, Poland, Ukraine, Romania and Russia were all export countries for weapons to the conflict ; the headquarters for a huge logistics operation was in Vienna ; financial transactions were executed by a Hungarian bank ; arms smugglers used companies registered in the off-shore haven of Panama ; and the United Kingdom sent military equipment and provided loans for arms purchases, as did Germany.

In 1872 and 1874 Chełmoński visited the Polish Territories ( Poland, as an independent country, did not exist during this time ), Tatra Mountains and Ukraine.

Rusyny ), as did the rest of the inhabitants of present-day Western Ukraine in the 19th century and first part of the 20th century.

Because western Ukraine experienced different legal, social and political norms than did the rest of Ukraine it was to enjoy autonomy within the united Ukraine.

It was the SiPo that did most of the work in rounding up Jews, Romani People and other people deemed to be enemies of the Reich and deporting them to the concentration and extermination camps in German Occupied Poland and Ukraine.

The original copies of the treaty did not survive, and the exact nature of the relationship stipulated by this treaty between Ukraine and Russia is a matter of scholarly controversy.

In May 1655 he was called from Ukraine to Warsaw, as the king John Casimir Vasa, respected his experience and requested his presence at a new war council, convened to discuss the looming thread of the war with Sweden.

* Community Initiatives Partnership – program, co-funded by the Robert Bosch Foundation, is aimed at supporting tripartite partnership projects designed by Polish and German organizations with organizations from Ukraine, Belarus or the Kaliningrad District aimed to foster experience sharing in solving specific community problems and enhance transboundary cooperation and solidarity between Poland, Germany, and the eastern neighbours of the European Union.

As the club gained more experience and played on a regular basis, it started to fill the stadium with spectators with both the club and football in general gaining popularity in Soviet Ukraine.

A combination of factors, including the equipment available at their father's blacksmith shop and the experience of their relatives back in Ukraine who were involved in the whale oil business, led to the brothers experimenting, designing, and finally building the first oil heaters designed for residential buildings, which eventually earned the family several patents on the design.

Black Pora, functions mainly as a pro-democracy watchdog trying to clean Ukraine of ' Kuchmizm ' ( i. e. the legacy of the former authoritarian President Leonid Kuchma ) and does not see the possibility of exporting its experience to other countries.

The older generation has the experience of growing up in a stable society and of having fought for Ukraine in regular armies ; the younger generation had only known Polish repression and an underground struggle.

* Gained varied professional experience abroad in fields such as agriculture, banking, human resources management in: USA, the Netherlands, Turkey, Austria, Denmark, Hungary, Ukraine, Bulgaria, United Kingdom.

Unlike the rest of the cities in the country Sevastopol officially does not have a typical mayor due to its status, functions of which conducts the head of Sevastopol Municipality State Administration or a city governor appointed by the President of Ukraine.

Small wooden Greek-Catholic church and belfry in the village of Sielec, Drohobych Raion ( Ukraine ) from the 17th century, in the typical architectural style of that region

In Canada, varieties typical of Poland, Ukraine, and elsewhere are available in supermarkets, and more specific varieties can be found in specialty shops.

Mykolaiv ’ s environmental issues are typical for many cities in Ukraine: pollution of water, the air, and groundwater ; drinking water quality, noise, waste management, and conservation of biological diversity in the city.

It aims as well at providing conservation and restoration of unique, rare and typical natural complexes and objects of recreational and other importance situated in the heart of Europe, preventing them from negative anthropogenic influences through the promotion of joint policies for sustainable development among the seven countries of the region ( Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia and Montenegro, Slovakia and Ukraine ).

In Russia, Ukraine and some other countries of the former Soviet Union, electrical multiple unit passenger suburban trains called Elektrichka are widespread.

In some places ( like Poland, Ukraine, and western Canada ), unprocessed wheat grain for kutia is easily available in stores.

includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 1, Greece 1, Ukraine 1 ( 2002 est.

includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Argentina 9, Australia 2, Austria 15, Belgium 9, Brazil 5, Canada 4, Cayman Islands 1, Chile 7, China 39, Croatia 11, Denmark 4, Ecuador 1, Estonia 1, Germany 437, Greece 154, Hong Kong 69, India 5, Indonesia 1, Israel 1, Italy 5, Japan 90, Latvia 20, Man, Isle of 5, Monaco 56, Netherlands 12, New Zealand 1, Nigeria 1, Norway 103, Pakistan 1, Portugal 5, Russia 66, Saudi Arabia 21, Singapore 20, Slovenia 1, South Africa 1, South Korea 10, Spain 2, Sweden 9, Switzerland 17, Taiwan 29, Turkey 3, Ukraine 4, United Arab Emirates 12, United Kingdom 39, United States 113, Uruguay 3, Vietnam 1 ( 2002 est.

Some sorts of lute were still used for some time in Germany, Sweden, Ukraine.

This includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Australia 4, Austria 6, Bangladesh 1, Belgium 3, Bulgaria 19, Canada 2, China 16, Croatia 14, Cuba 1, Cyprus 7, Denmark 3, Estonia 5, Finland 1, Germany 54, Greece 627, Hong Kong 12, Iceland 3, India 10, Iran 2, Israel 26, Italy 36, Japan 2, Latvia 24, Lebanon 6, Monaco 29, Netherlands 10, Nigeria 2, Norway 43, Poland 29, Portugal 2, Romania 15, Russia 85, Saudi Arabia 1, Slovenia 2, South Korea 5, Spain 1, Switzerland 54, Syria 4, Turkey 84, Ukraine 25, United Arab Emirates 3, United Kingdom 4, United States 10 ( 2002 est.

In some of these states militia was renamed back to police ( Bulgaria, Poland, Georgia ) while in the other states it remains ( Ukraine, Belarus ).

Tactically, the Germans won resounding victories and occupied some of the most important economic areas of the Soviet Union, mainly in Ukraine.

In the late 1990s the government renegotiated its export and price arrangements with Gazprom and renewed deliveries to Georgia, Ukraine, and some other countries.

Ukraine does have some environmental concerns.

However, in Crimea and some parts of eastern Ukraine — areas with substantial ethnic Russian minorities — use of Russian is widespread in official business.

* June 28 – 30 – Battle of Berestechko in the Ukraine: The army of the Polish – Lithuanian Commonwealth defeats the Zaporozhian Cossacks in one of the biggest land battles of the century, with some 205, 000 troops in the field.

Bessarabia's northern and southern districts ( nowadays Budjak and parts of the Chernivtsi oblast ) were alloted to Ukraine, while some territories ( 4, 000 km < sup > 2 </ sup >) on the left ( eastern ) bank of the Dniester ( present Transnistria ), previously part of Ukraine, were allotted to Moldavia.

The assassination of a British citizen by alleged operatives of the Russian government using Polonium-210, a radioactive poison, as well as the alleged dioxin poisoning of the President of the Ukraine, has raised tensions between Russia and the West, with some commentators in Western nations regarding the poisonings as an indicator of the character and true intentions of the Kremlin.

Their meat, milk, and hides are all of excellent quality, and experimental eland husbandry has been going on for some years in both the Ukraine and Zimbabwe.

In addition to cutting off supplies to Ukraine, Russian gas flowing through Ukraine — which included nearly all supplies to Southeastern Europe and some supplies to Central and Western Europe — was cut off, creating a major crisis in several countries heavily dependent on Russian gas as fuel.

In September, Eduard Baltin accused Ukraine of converting some of his fleet and conducting an armed assault on his personnel, and threatened to take countermeasures of placing the fleet on alert.

Like in the rest of the Crimea, Russian remains the predominant language in the city, although following the independence of Ukraine there have been some attempts at Ukrainization with very little success.

Apart from navy-related civil facilities, Sevastopol hosts some other notable industries, such as Stroitel one of the leading plastics manufacturers in Ukraine.

However some turkologists argue that cossacks are descendants of native Cumans of Ukraine, who lived there long ago before Mongol invasion.

It was portrayed more critically in the Soviet Union ( which saw the Underground State as an enemy ) and some post-Soviet states ( primarily Lithuania and Ukraine, where military groups who cooperated with Germans against the Soviets and / or were trying to separate from Polish control also clashed with the Polish resistance ).