Under modern conditions, this is especially true of the ready reserve.

Under the old Soviet central planning system, Armenia had developed a modern industrial sector, supplying machine tools, textiles, and other manufactured goods to sister republics in exchange for raw materials and energy.

Under modern canon law, a man who is appointed a cardinal must accept ordination as a bishop, unless he already is one, or seek special permission from the pope to decline such ordination.

Under his command, a modern update of the doctrinal system called Bewegungskrieg (" maneuver warfare ") and its associated leadership system called Auftragstaktik (" mission tactics "; i. e., units are assigned missions ; local commanders decide how to achieve those missions ) was developed, which was a critical advantage and a major reason for the success of blitzkrieg.

Under its modern boundaries it is bordered by Aquila, Sagittarius, Microscopium, Piscis Austrinus and Aquarius.

Under most modern constitutional monarchies there is also a prime minister who is the head of government and exercises effective political power.

Under the influence of the Enlightenment, many mainstream denominations had relegated spiritual healing to the realm of a one-time dispensation rather than a modern practice.

Following the original roots of modern graffiti as a political force came another game title, Marc Eckō's Getting Up: Contents Under Pressure ( 2006 ), featuring a story line involving fighting against a corrupt city and its oppression of free speech, as in the Jet Set Radio series.

Under the MPC standard, which represents the modern trend, a defendant is not responsible for criminal conduct " if at the time of such conduct as a result of mental disease or defect he lacks substantial capacity either to appreciate the criminality of his conduct or to conform his conduct to the requirements of the law.

Under the guidance of two village priests, Millet acquired a knowledge of Latin and modern authors, before being sent to Cherbourg in 1833 to study with a portrait painter named Paul Dumouchel.

Under the Maravi Empire, the Chewa had access to the coast of modern day Mozambique.

Under this perspective, organised crime is not a modern phenomenon-the construction of 17th and 18th century crime gangs fulfil all the present day criteria of criminal organisations ( in clear opposition to the Alien Conspiracy Theory ).

Under the direction of Star Trek producer David Rossi and long-time Star Trek technical consultant Mike Okuda, the visual and special effects were recreated to give Star Trek: The Original Series a more authentic feel and modern look.

* Under the ice layer, in chemolithotrophic ( mineral-metabolizing ) ecosystems theoretically resembling those in existence in modern glacier beds, high-alpine and Arctic talus permafrost, and basal glacial ice.

Under modern rules of tennis, the rackets must adhere to the following guidelines ;

Under the influence of the American Office of War Information, the film attempted to undermine Hollywood's prewar depiction of England as a glamorous bastion of social privilege, anachronistic habits and snobbery in favour of more democratic, modern images.

Under John II ( 1481 – 1495 ) the fortress of São Jorge da Mina, the modern Elmina, was founded for the protection of the Guinea trade.

Under the more modern understanding of the concept of genre as " social action " à la Miller ( Miller 152 ), a more situational approach to genre is enabled.

Under Price, the Press began to take on its modern shape.

Under Carrarese rule the early humanist circles in the university were effectively disbanded: Albertino Mussato, the first modern poet laureate, died in exile at Chiogga in 1329, and the eventual heir of the Paduan tradition was the Tuscan Petrarch.

Under Roman domination, Latin became the speech of the majority of the inahbitants, ultimately developing into the modern Sardinian language.

Under the older Cronquist system of classifying flowering plants, this was placed in an order Linales ; more modern systems place it in the order Malpighiales.

Under the aegis of the Lend-Lease Act of 1941, a modern air base ( now Timehri Airport ) was constructed by United States troops.

Under King Sobhuza I they established themselves in the heartland of modern Swaziland, conquering and incorporating many long-established independent chiefdoms, whose descendants also make up much of the modern Swazi nation.

Under the Constitution of 1791, France would function as a constitutional monarchy.

Under the Constitution of 1791, France would function as a constitutional monarchy with Louis XVI as little more than a figurehead.

Under the Constitution of 1791, the solution of a constitutional monarchy was adopted, and the king supported a war against Austria in order to increase his popularity, starting the long French Revolutionary Wars.

Under constitutional changes in 2004, the MPR became a bicameral legislature, with the creation of the Dewan Perwakilan Daerah ( DPD ), in which each province is represented by four members, although its legislative powers are more limited than those of the DPR.

Under the 2003 constitutional referendum it should become a unicameral federal republic.

Under the provisions of Section 9 of the Statute of Westminster, the British Parliament still had the power to pass legislation concerning the six States of Australia, although " in accordance with the constitutional practice ".

Under the U. S. Constitution the President and Vice President are chosen by Electors, under a constitutional grant of authority delegated to the legislatures of the several states and the District of Columbia ( see Bush v. Gore ).

Under Marshall, the Court established the principle of judicial review, including specifying itself as the supreme expositor of the Constitution ( Marbury v. Madison ) and made several important constitutional rulings giving shape and substance to the balance of power between the federal government and the states ( prominently, Martin v. Hunter's Lessee, McCulloch v. Maryland and Gibbons v. Ogden ).

He had been elected by the faction of cardinals sympathetic to the political liberalization coursing across Europe, and his initial governance of the Papal States gives evidence of his own liberal sympathies: Under his direction various sorts of political prisoners in the Papal States were released and the city of Rome was granted a constitutional framework under guidance of his friend, philosopher-prince Antonio Rosmini-Serbati.

Under the recent constitutional reforms, the Lord Advocate has become an officer of the Scottish Government, while the United Kingdom Government is advised on Scots law by the Advocate General for Scotland.

Under the rule of the Kings of France, important constitutional changes were made to the Republic of Metz.

Under former Prime Minister Howard, a monarchist, the government initiated a process to settle the republican debate, involving a constitutional convention and a referendum.

Under the Constitution of the Italian Republic, the republican form of government cannot be changed by constitutional amendment, thus forbidding any attempt to restore the monarchy.

Under U. S. insistence for constitutional rule, elections for the presidency and legislature were scheduled.

Under pressure from the barons, led by Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester, Henry had to accept the existence of the first English Parliament and other constitutional limitation on the monarchy placed by Provisions of Oxford.

Under British constitutional legal theory, the Constitution of the Irish Free State ( Saorstát Éireann ) Act 1922 held the force of law because of the enactment of the United Kingdom's Irish Free State Constitution Act 1922, thus entrenching the primacy of the Treaty.

Under both the 25th Amendment and the Presidential Succession Act, an acting president has identical constitutional " powers and duties " as the President, being able to sign bills into law, petition Congress for a declaration of war, and perform other tasks, but does not hold the office of President itself.

Under the 1994 constitutional amendment, the President serves for four years, with a possibility of immediate reelection for one more term.

Under this theory, constitutional law, administrative law and criminal law are sub-divisions of public law.

Under the Constitution Act, 1867, the federal Parliament and the provincial legislatures both have the constitutional authority to create courts: Parliament under s. 101, and the Provinces under s. 92 ( 14 )

Under the law, police powers were extended, constitutional rights suspended and censorship was legalized.

Under the influence of his mentor at Chicago, the constitutional historian Andrew C. McLaughlin, Commager shifted his research and teaching interests to American history.

Under the system created by the 1980 constitutional amendments, the president is the pre-eminent executive figure, who names the Prime Minister of Egypt.