Under the 1492 Alhambra Decree, Spain's Jewish population, unlike the Muslims, had already been forced to convert under threat of expulsion or even execution, becoming Marranos ( meaning " pigs " in Spanish ), or Catholics of Jewish descent.

Under the present arrangements, Jews are restricted to entering by the southwestern side, and limited to the southwestern corridor and the corridors which run between the cenotaphs, while Muslims may only enter by the northeastern side, and are restricted to the remainder of the enclosure.

Under Sharia law, Muslims are not allowed to convert.

Under the treaty, concluded on July 4, 1275, the town obtained its freedom from the Muslims in return for an annual tribute.

Under Muslim rule, Nablus contained a diverse population of Arabs and Persians, Muslims, Samaritans, Christians and Jews.

Under the British Mandate, the population grew steadily, reaching 12, 000 Muslims and 3, 300 Christians in 1945.

Under Arab rule, Muslims treated the exilarch with great pomp and circumstance.

Under the British administration, Tigrinya and Arabic were the official languages ( Tigrinya among the Christians and Arabic among the Muslims ).

Under the ideology of the Five Races in Unity, Huangdi became the common ancestor of the Han, the Manchus, the Mongols, the Tibetans, and the Hui Muslims, who were said to form the Zhonghua minzu, a broadly understood Chinese nation.

Under Vichy France, but only in Algeria ( not in metropolitan France ) this s code was also used to register Jews, Algerian Muslims, foreigners, or ill-defined people.

Under the Muslims Punjab became the most dynamic region of South Asia.

Under his rule, the Uyghur officials increased their dominance, sidelining the North Chinese and the Muslims.

Under the instruction of the owner, Mr. Jinnah, it became the official organ of the Pakistan Muslim League in Delhi, and the sole voice of the Muslims in English language, reflecting and espousing the cause of the Muslims of India.

Under his leadership, the caliphate — the supreme politico-religious office of Islam, and symbol of the sultan's claim to world leadership of all Muslims — was abolished.

Under the administration of Mu ' azu Babangida Aliyu on 13 January 2007, the state has adopted sharia law as the code of law, even though the population of the state has been historically evenly divided between Muslims and Christians.

Under the Act law enforcement immediately targeted mainly Arab-Americans and South Asians, including “ massive secret detentions ,” selective enforcement through “ voluntary ” interviews, deportation of Middle Eastern men and further restrictions on immigration by Arabs and Muslims.

Under the Russian oppression of Islam, thousands of Muslims fled the region in search of refuge in Turkey in an immigration process called Muhajiroba ( see Muhajir ( Caucasus )).

In this film and the accompanying leaflet Muslims Under Siege co-written with television journalist James Jones, it was argued that the demonisation of Muslims has become widespread in British media and politics.

Under the Muslims, the village was apparently called Abdegas, but during the times of the Reconquista ( 12th century ) it was called Portus de Auren, from which the name Ourém was later derived.

Under Ottoman rule Turkish Cypriots had been classified as Muslims, a distinction based on religion.

( From: Guy le Strange, 1890: Palestine Under The Muslims p. 5-p. 6 )

Under shariah, blasphemy against Islam, whether by Muslims or dhimmis, and apostasy from Islam are all grounds for the death penalty.

After his return to England from India in April 1784, Phillip remained in close contact with Townshend, now Lord Sydney, and the Home Office Under Secretary, Evan Nepean.

Under these circumstances, during much of the Siege of Leningrad ( 1941 – 1944 ), Lake Ladoga provided the only access to the besieged city because a section of the eastern shore remained in Soviet hands.

Under its provisions, the king remained the central figure in the executive branch of the government, but legislative power was vested in a bicameral parliament, and an independent judiciary was guaranteed.

Under an agreement between President-elect Chamorro of the National Opposition Union ( Unión Nacional Oppositora-UNO ) and the defeated FSLN party, General Humberto Ortega, former defense minister and commander in chief of the EPS under the Sandinistas, remained at the head of the armed forces.

Under McLoughlin's management, the Columbia Department remained highly profitable, in part due to the ongoing high demand for beaver hats in Europe.

Under the Swedish and subsequently Saxon authorities he remained involved in the civic affairs of the city, becoming in 1641 a Kammerer and in 1646 Burgermeister, a position he was to hold for thirty years.

Under Liberal caucus rules of the time, a tied vote meant the motion was automatically defeated, and hence Gorton could have remained as party leader and Prime Minister without further ado.

Under the PNDC, Ghana remained a unitary government.

Under the previous premiership of Said Musa, Belize remained a staunch supporter of Palestinian rights and shunned relations with Israel due to the latter's military and intelligence support for Guatemala.

Under an agreement with the new Republic of China government, Puyi remained in the Inner Court, while the Outer Court was given over to public use, until he was evicted after a coup in 1924.

Under the gold standard, for example, the price level in both England and the US remained relatively stable over literally hundreds of years, though with some protracted periods of deflation.

Under his authority as Pontifex Maximus, Gaius Julius Caesar introduced the calendar reform that created the Julian calendar, with a fault of less than a day per century, and which remained the standard till the Gregorian reform in the 16th century.

Under Tiberius, it was incorporated into the Roman Empire but remained the capital of Mysia ( afterwards, Hellespontus ) and became one of the great cities of the ancient world.

Under the Roman Empire, Alexandria remained the most important city.

Under the first Pharaohs, Mendes quickly became a strong seat of provincial government and remained so throughout the Ancient Egyptian period.

Under her support, De Lara remained in Monaco and moved into the most successful part of his career.

Under Webb, the chapel was redecorated, but the rest of the house remained largely unaltered.

Under Uzbeg and his successor Janibeg ( 1342 – 1357 ), Islam, which among some of the Turks in Eurasia had deep roots going back into pre-Mongol times, gained general acceptance, though its adherents remained tolerant of other beliefs.

Under Ottoman rule, Kyrenia district was at first one of four, then one of six, administrative districts of the island and the town remained its administrative capital.

Under the said Treaty he also remained Titular Emperor of Brazil, while his son, Emperor Pedro I, was both de facto and de jure the monarch of the newly independent country.

Under the guidance of the Baal Shem Tov, Dov Ber abandoned his ascetic lifestyle, and recovered his health, though his left foot remained lame.

Under the terms of the agreement reached between Britain and the Ottoman Empire, the island remained an Ottoman territory.

The " LaFontaine-Baldwin administration throughout the years 1849 and 1850 remained in a position of exceptional power " Under this regime LaFontaine fought to see the seigneurial system " abolished, but wished to find means to respect the interests of the seigniors by a proper compensation.

Under the Restoration he became a peer of France, but protested against the reactionary split of the government, and remained in opposition.