Until age 12 he knew nothing of professional artists, though art had surrounded him in childhood.

Until 1992, Mauritius was a constitutional monarchy with Queen Elizabeth II as head of state, but on 12 March of that year, the country became a republic within the Commonwealth.

Until recently, the last woolly mammoths were generally assumed to have vanished from Europe and southern Siberia about 12, 000 years ago, but new findings show some were still present there about 10, 000 years ago.

Until the standardization of the projection speed of 24 frames per second ( fps ) for sound films between 1926 and 1930, silent films were shot at variable speeds ( or " frame rates ") anywhere from 12 to 26 fps, depending on the year and studio.

Until 2008, if one competitor gained a 7-point lead over the other, or if one competitor reached a total of 12 points, then that competitor was immediately declared the winner and the match ended.

Until the general adoption of vibration isolating engine mounts in the 1930s, vehicles with 8 -, 12 -, and 16-cylinders provided higher levels of refinement.

Until recently, no other beer on the market had less food energy, although Beck's Premier Light also has 64 calories per 12 US fl oz serving.

Until 1980s, Kaznacheyev and his team carried out about 12 000 experiments.

Until 12, 000 years ago, the plateau was covered by an ice cap, leaving it largely devoid of soil and lacking in resources.

Until Bragg was opened, Gardendale High School handled grades 7 – 12.

Until the 1990s, all shops closed on Saturday noon ( mostly at 12 ) and only reopened on Monday morning.

Until 2009, 12 Lords of Appeal in Ordinary sat in the House as the highest court in the land.

Until 1971, the pound sterling worked on a system of pence ( 12 to a shilling ) and shillings ( 20 to a pound ), plus other combinations ( ha ' pence, guinea, and crown ); and in addition, until 1960 the penny was divided into 4 farthings.

Until the age of 12, Byng was enrolled at Eton College, though he did not enter the sixth form.

Until 2010, despite a breeding range estimated at 12, 400, 000 km < sup > 2 </ sup > ( 4, 800, 000 mi < sup > 2 </ sup >), the Corn Crake was classified as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List because of serious declines in Europe, but improved monitoring in Russia indicates that anticipated losses there have not occurred and numbers have remained stable or possibly increased.

Until 1988, there was no flag for the President of Malta, who instead used the national flag, but in that year a new flag was introduced, The Presidential Flag of Malta was introduced by Proclamation dated 12 December 1988.

Until the 1960s and 1970s, " matriculation ", often shortened to " matric ", was used ( as in other Commonwealth countries ) to refer to the successful completion of Form 6 ( Year 12 ), the extra year of high school after the ' Leaving ' year, which was the last year which had a completion certificate.

Until then, 12, 618 incidents had been investigated, the grand majority of which explained by conventional means.

Until she died from her debut, during her short period of writing for about 15 years, she wrote 12 copies of poetry actively, which included her collection of poems and posthumous manuscripts.

Until he was released, the Kingdom of Cyprus was governed by 12 nobles.

* 5th The King's Own Scottish Borderers ( Until 12 / 2 / 45 )

* 1st Glasgow Highlanders ( Until 12 / 3 / 45 )

* 6th The Highland Light Infantry ( Until 12 / 2 / 45 )

Until he was 12 years old, Orde had hardly ever mixed with children of his own age.

Until 3 July 2011, when Arriva took over bus operations, there were approximately 500 buses in public transit service in Malta, most of them privately owned by the bus drivers themselves, and operated to a unified timetable set by the transport authority.

Until then, Congress decided that a committee should prepare a document announcing and explaining independence in the event that Lee's resolution was approved when it was brought up again in July.

Until July 2007 Nicks lived in Paradise Valley, Arizona, a suburb of Phoenix in a home she had built in 1981 and shared with brother Chris, his wife Lori and their daughter Jessica.

On July 7, Metropolis Records released a new compilation entitled Until The Shadows.

Until recently the RSC also ran two smaller theatres, the Swan, which is modelled on an Elizabethan theatre ( closed in August 2007 as part of plans for refurbishment ) and The Other Place theatre, a Black box theatre which was extended to become the temporary RSC Courtyard Theatre, which opened in July 2006.

Until July 2010, the Neighbourhood Policing Team for Waterloo consisted of an Inspector, Sergeant, two Constables, Special Constables, and 13 PCSOs-this establishment was significantly increased by the introduction of the ' Neighbourhood Hub Team ' at Waterloo, involving police officers from London Underground.

Until July 2008 WLRI Studios were used to broadcast local news, weather and traffic information.

Until July 2006, Dunedin was the home of the main campus of Schiller International University.

Until July 1968, Lometa was a night flag stop on the Santa Fe passenger train the California Special that ran from Clovis, New Mexico to Houston.

Until July 2007, the north end of the Spirit of Washington Dinner Train's route was at the Columbia Winery.

Until 28 July 2010, the U. S. Air Force's 21st Space Operations Squadron was also a tenant command at Moffett Field, occupying the former Onizuka Air Force Station.

Until it was completed the bridge was known as the Jubilee Bridge in honour of King George V. It was opened on 6 July 1940 by Sir Leslie Orme Wilson, Governor of Queensland and named for John Douglas Story, a senior and influential public servant who had advocated strongly for the bridge's construction.

Until July 1960, assessment and training was carried out on Useppa Island and at various other facilities in South Florida, such as Homestead AFB.

Until it closed in July 2004, the Dudley Do-Right Emporium, which sold souvenirs based on his many characters and was largely staffed by Ward and his family, was located on Sunset Boulevard.

Until July 1, 2009 Ludza was the administrative centre of Ludza District.

Until the early election on July 24, 1981, the duties of the President were undertaken by the Provisional Presidential Council.

Until July 2006 it was called EADS Space Transportation and was a fully owned subsidiary of EADS Space.

Until that time, Foxville had been in Michigan Territory ; on July 3, 1836, however, the act of Congress organizing the Wisconsin Territory went into effect.

Until July 2010, Northwestern College also owned WSMR in Sarasota, Florida ; due to financial troubles, this station would close down and be sold to the University of South Florida, who reformatted the station with a classical music format.

Until the election of the first Lord Speaker on 4 July 2006, the Leader of the House had responsibility for making preliminary decisions on requests for Private Notice Questions, and for waiving the sub judice rule in certain cases.

Until the event at Chinchilla, Queensland in July 2011, all outbreak sites had been within the distribution of at least two of the four mainland flying-foxes ( fruit bats ); Little red flying-fox, ( Pteropus scapulatus ), black flying-fox, ( Pteropus alecto ), grey-headed flying-fox, ( Pteropus poliocephalus ) and spectacled flying-fox, ( Pteropus conspicillatus ).

Until July 2006, Gary Russell served as producer of the Doctor Who audios.

Until July 2005, UFCW was affiliated with the AFL-CIO, where it was the second largest union by membership.

Until July 2006 there was a Police Service of Northern Ireland ( PSNI ) station.