Until 1974, this was a status that denoted towns with a certain type of local government ( a municipal corporation ).

Until the formation of a national council in 1961, supporters and local groups had no formal voice in the national organisation, which until then had been led by the self-appointed executive committee.

Until 1999, GBC retransmitted BBC Prime, but was relaunched as a community-based service focusing on local news and other items of local interest.

Until today, historiographical debates oppose the followers of a foundation of Kanem-Bornu by populations from the ancient Near East and followers of a more local development.

Until 1923 when he was 10, Barbie, a shy and quiet youth, went to the local school where his father taught.

Until the mid-20th century, most Chinese people living in many parts of southern China spoke only their local language.

Until the reorganization begun by Nikolai Yezhov with a purge of the regional political police in the autumn of 1936 and formalized by a May 1939 directive of the All-Union NKVD by which all appointments to the local political police were controlled from the center, there was frequent tension between centralized control of local units and the collusion of those units with local and regional party elements, frequently resulting in the thwarting of Moscow's plans.

Until 1996 two-tier systems existed in Scotland and Wales, but these have now been replaced by systems based on a single-tier of local government with some functions shared between groups of adjacent authorities.

Until 1875 wheat was imported as it was not grown in sufficient quantities to supply local demand ; by 1903 the country supplied all its own needs and exported of wheat, enough to sustain 16, 000, 000 people.

Until the end of his reign, the kingdom of François II was paralyzed by local revolts, the premises of the wars of religion.

Until 1995, the forecasts had been played at various times each hour, but are currently shown at times ending in " 8 ", hence the title of the local forecasts is " Local on the 8s " ( though local forecasts are reduced to once every half-hour when non-forecast programs are aired which is now a majority of the air day ).

* Until 2001 local Directorates of Engineering and Housing ( DEH ), being constituents of the USACE, had been responsible for the housing, infrastructure and related tasks as environmental protection, garbage removal and special fire departments or fire alarm coordination centers in the garrisons of the U. S. Army abroad as in Europe ( e. g. Germany, as in Berlin, Wiesbaden, Karlsruhe etc.

Until the campaign's end in October, Chamberlain denounced opponents of the Radical Programme and endorsed the cause of rural labourers and offered to make smallholdings available to workers by funds from local authorities, using the slogan Three Acres and a Cow.

Until the middle of the 20th century the city was situated in the French Flemish area ; today the local Flemish dialect, a variety of the Dutch language, can still be found but has been largely replaced by French.

Until the reorganisation of London's local government in 1965, Muswell Hill formed part of the Borough of Hornsey within the administrative county of Middlesex.

Until the railway came, the local commercial centre was nearby St Mary Cray, rather than Orpington.

Until the 1950s, Ismailis from India and Pakistan performed the prayer the language of the local Jamaat.

Until July 2008 WLRI Studios were used to broadcast local news, weather and traffic information.

Until the late 19th century the horse was scoured every seven years as part of a more general local fair held on the hill.

Until the 1990s, the main commercial block of the town along highway 178 was a somewhat picturesque street of older buildings constructed of fitted local rocks and bricks, including a vintage post office, and cafe, 3 bars, and a small Chinese restaurant.

Until 2003, Stoutsville was home to both an elementary school and junior high school, but all local children now attend school in Amanda.

Until police determined this was an isolated incident unrelated to the presence of the national guard, military bases statewide were put on high alert and government buildings were briefly placed under lock-down conditions.

Until 1962, the martial law continued while Field Marshal Ayub Khan purged a number of politicians and civil servants from the government and replaced them with military officers.

Until midcentury, the guilds, the landed aristocracy, the churches, and the government bureaucracies had so many rules and restrictions that entrepreneurship was held in low esteem, and given little opportunity to develop.

Until Victoria obtained responsible government in 1855, the Governor-General of New South Wales appointed Lieutenant-Governors to Victoria.

Until midcentury, the guilds, the landed aristocracy, the churches, and the government bureaucracies had so many rules and restrictions that entrepreneurship was held in low esteem, and given little opportunity to develop.

Until shortly before his death, Lenin worked to counter the disproportionate political influence of Joseph Stalin in the Communist Party and in the bureaucracy of the soviet government, partly because of abuses he had committed against the populace of Georgia, and partly because the autocratic Stalin had accumulated administrative power disproportionate to his office of General Secretary of the Communist Party.

Until the beginning of the 18th century, there appears to have been no national government or national leader.

Until the beginning of the 18th century, there appears to have been no national government or national leader in Niue.

Until the 1930s, when the Nazi government began a program of Germanization, and in 1945, when the Soviets annexed Prussia and made Old Prussian place-names illegal ,< ref name =" Sov Illegal ">

Until 2006, the Lord Chancellor was the highest paid member of the government ahead of the Prime Minister.

Until modern times, the form of government for almost all states was monarchy.

Until the early 1970s, the government had favored the railroads, believing they better met the country's requirements for transportation and that the primary purpose of roads was to act as feeders to the rail system.

Until 1991, establishing a private sector bank in Turkey wasn't easy and was subject to strict government controls and regulations.

Until the political will emerges to regard environmental and health problems as a threat not only to the government in power but also to the very survival of Uzbekistan, the increasingly grave environmental threat will not be addressed effectively.

Until 1968, the university had the power to expropriate land " it may deem necessary for the purpose of the University " without approval from the government.

Until recently, there was no formal protection for those who spoke up from a position of knowledge inside government, with even senior civil servants ( Shiv Chopra being one notable case ) fired or constructively dismissed for speaking up about internal abuses.

Until deep into the 19th century, the now Venezuelan islands of Aves, the Aves archipelago, Los Roques and La Orchila were also considered by the Dutch government to be part of the Dutch West Indies.

Until the early 1970s, the Republic of China was recognized as the sole legitimate government of China by the United Nations and most Western nations, refusing to recognize the People's Republic of China on account of the Cold War.

Until the early 2000s when its economy was tied to the steel industry, Sydney had been overlooked as a tourist destination, with the more centrally located scenic village of Baddeck being a preferred location for tourists transiting the Cabot Trail, however Sydney has recently witnessed a revival as a result of significant government investment in cruise ship facilities and a waterfront revitalization plan which has seen a boardwalk and marinas constructed, and the world's largest fiddle.

Until about 1980 the government still required that a name change applicant apply to the government regional representative ( fylkesmann ).

Until the late 1980s PRC used quotation marks around terms for all official ROC positions and organisations such as " President " and " government " to imply non-recognition, a practice that was reciprocated by the ROC.

Until the 1990s, the government actively stated that the ROC is the only legitimate " One China " while the PRC is illegitimate.