Doreen Valiente, a student of Gardner, took his version from his Book of Shadows and adapted it into verse, and later into another prose version.

Juan Valiente, another black, led Spaniards in a series of battles against the Araucanian people of present-day Chile between 1540 and 1546.

Other important dates for the Horned God include Imbolc when, according to Valiente, he leads a wild hunt.

Valiente theorised that Gardner then adopted this term for his Witches ' grimoire.

Valiente dramatically rewrote sections such as the Charge of the Goddess and also wrote several poems for the book, such as The Witches Rune.

This version of the ritual, written by both Gardner and Valiente, but containing sections adopted from various sources, such as Aleister Crowley, Aradia, or the Gospel of the Witches, and even Rudyard Kipling, went on to become the traditional text for Gardnerian Wicca.

Although his own book had been put together with the help of Doreen Valiente and included material from a variety of modern sources, ( notably from Aradia, or the Gospel of the Witches and the writings of Aleister Crowley ) it also included sections written in an antique ( or mock-antique ) style, including advice for witches brought to trial and tortured.

Valiente wrote to Williamson asking for more information, who passed her letter on to Gerald Gardner.

Valiente dramatically rewrote sections such as the Charge of the Goddess and also wrote several poems for the book, such as The Witches Rune.

However Gardner's increasing desire for publicity, much of it ending up negative, caused conflict with Valiente and other members of his coven.

Faced with challenges from sceptics, Valiente attempted, with some success, to provide evidence for Gardner's claims concerning his initiation, notably by identifying the woman Gardner called ' Old Dorothy ' as Dorothy Clutterbuck in 1980, the woman who was supposed to have performed Gardner's initiation, in an essay published in The Witches ' Way by Janet and Stewart Farrar.

Valiente did publish a similarly worded and entitled poem The Witches Creed in her 1978 book, " Witchcraft for Tomorrow "< sup > 5 </ sup >.

Doreen Valiente, Witchcraft for Tomorrow, 1978, pages 41, 72-74 ( also as noted at The Wiccan Rede: A Historical Journey ); see also The Witches Creed at controverscial. com.

In the comics character created by Gener Pedrina for the Sanduguan Universe, Diwata is a half-human and half-encantada whose real name is Maria Klarissa Valiente.

The Olympic Games scheduled for 1940 and 1944 were cancelled due to the Second World War, but Takács surprised the world by winning the gold medal at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, aged 38, beating the favourite, Argentine Carlos Enrique Díaz Sáenz Valiente, who was the reigning world champion, into second place, and setting a new world record.

Valiente rewrote much of it, cutting out a lot of sections that had come from Crowley ( whose negative reputation she feared ), though retaining parts that originated with Aradia, or the Gospel of the Witches, which she felt was genuine witchcraft practice.

She took the Book of Shadows, and, with Gardner's permission, rewrote much of it, cutting out a lot of sections that had come from Crowley ( whose negative reputation Valiente feared ).

The third paragraph is largely written by Doreen Valiente, with some phrases adapted from The Book of the Law and The Gnostic Mass by Aleister Crowley.

Valiente was unhappy with this version, saying that " people seemed to have some difficulty with this, because of the various goddess-names which they found hard to pronounce ", and so she rewrote it as a prose version, much of which differs from her initial version, and is more akin to Gardner's version.

Gardner responded with the sudden production of the Wiccan Laws which led to some of his members, including Valiente, leaving the coven.

Valiente copied everything she was taught into notebooks, which have provided some of the most important information on the practices of the group.

The conjunction y avoids denominational confusion when the paternal surname might appear to be a ( first ) name ; hence the physiologist Santiago Ramón y Cajal might appear to be named Santiago Ramón ( composite ) and surnamed Cajal, like-wise the jurist Francisco Tomás y Valiente, and the cleric Vicente Enrique y Tarancón.

Covens in ' traditional ' Wicca ( i. e., those run along the lines described by Gardner and Valiente ) were and still are led pretty much equally by both a priest and a priestess ; but the priestess is often considered " prima inter pares " ( first among equals ); according to the book A Witches ' Bible, by Stewart and Janet Farrar.

Valiente's identification was based on references Gardner made to a woman he called " Old Dorothy " which Valiente remembered.

Doreen Valiente, a former High Priestess of the Gardnerian tradition, claimed that Gerald Gardner's Bricket Wood coven referred to the god as Cernunnos, or Kernunno, which is a Latin word, discovered on a stone carving found in France, meaning " the Horned One ".

Valiente claimed that the coven also referred to the god as Janicot ( pronounced Jan-e-co ), which she theorised was of Basque origin, and Gardner also used this name in his novel High Magic's Aid.

According to Don Frew, Valiente composed the couplet, following Gardner's statement that witches " are inclined to the morality of the legendary Good King Pausol, ' Do what you like so long as you harm none '"; he claims the common assumption that the Rede was copied from Crowley is misinformed, and has resulted in the words often being misquoted as " an it harm none, do what thou wilt " instead of " do what you will ".

Valiente also disapproved of the fact that Cochrane often took what he called " witches ' potions ", but which were, in reality, hallucinogenic drugs.

Gerald Gardner ( 1884 – 1964 ) who, with Doreen Valiente ( 1922 – 1999 ) founded Gardnerian Wicca in Britain, claimed to be initiated in the 1940s into a surviving coven of traditional witches, who worshipped both a male Horned God and a female Goddess.

While Doreen Valiente writes that in Aradia, or the Gospel of the Witches full moon rites were known as Esbats in the rest of Europe, she later finds it necessary to specify " full moon Esbat ," to distinguish it from other esbat occasions.

Doreen Valiente, one of Gardner's priestesses, recalls Gardner's surprise at Valiente's recognition of material from Aradia in the original version of the " Charge " that she was given.

Valiente later rewrote the " Charge ", preserving the lines from Aradia.

Valiente felt that the influence of Crowley on the Charge was too obvious, and she did not want the Craft associated with Crowley.

The initial verse version by Doreen Valiente consisted of eight verses, the second of which was:

Ruickbie, Hutton, and others further argue that much of what has been published of Gardnerian Wicca, as Gardner's practice came to be known by, was written by Blake, Yeats, Valiente and Crowley and contains borrowings from other identifiable sources.

In 1953 Gardner met Doreen Valiente who was to become his High Priestess in succession to Dafo.

The pioneers of the various Wiccan or Witchcraft traditions, such as Gerald Gardner, Doreen Valiente and Robert Cochrane, all claimed that their religion was a continuation of the pagan religion of the Witch-Cult following historians who had purported the Witch-Cult's existence, such as Jules Michelet and Margaret Murray.

In its best known form as the " eight words " couplet, the Rede was first publicly recorded in a 1964 speech by Doreen Valiente.

Mathiessen also takes the view that the last line was probably a Thompson addition derived from Valiente.

Doreen Valiente claimed that this was because at the time, Gardner had not yet conceived of the idea, and only invented it after writing his novel.

Valiente also noticed that a chant in one ritual in the book was based upon the poem " A Tree Song " from Puck of Pook's Hill by Rudyard Kipling, which she had enjoyed as a child.

Gardner's statements were interpreted by his pupil Doreen Valiente as implying that Clutterbuck had personally initiated him into the coven, but later authors such as Philip Heselton and Eleanor Bone claim that his initiator was in fact Edith Woodford-Grimes.

Doreen Edith Dominy Valiente ( 4 January 1922 – 1 September 1999 ), who also went under the craft name Ameth, was an influential English Wiccan who was involved in a number of different early traditions, including Gardnerianism, Cochrane's Craft and the Coven of Atho.

In the early 1960s, Valiente begun a course on the Coven of Atho, which was run by Raymond Howard, and partially based upon the teachings of Charles Cardell.

According to Dr Ruickbie, Valiente was the ' Mother of Modern Witchcraft ', playing a crucial role in re-writing much of Gardner's original ritual material, an assessment supported by Ronald Hutton.

Valiente also edited and wrote the introduction to the 1990 book, Witchcraft: A Tradition Renewed by Evan John Jones, which was about forms of Witchcraft other than the Gardnerian and Alexandrian traditions, such as Cochrane's Craft.

She was initiated into Wicca by Gerald Gardner in 1960 and is considered one of the " early mothers " of this religion, like Doreen Valiente, Lois Bourne, and Eleanor Bone.