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Vespasian died in 79 and was succeeded by Titus, whose own reign came to an unexpected end when he was struck by a fatal illness in 81.
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Vespasian and died
Because Titus effectively acted as co-emperor with his father, no abrupt change in Flavian policy occurred when Vespasian died on 23 June 79.
His wife Domitilla and his daughter Domitilla both died before Vespasian became Emperor in 69.
Vespasian died of an infection on 23 June 79 AD, and was immediately succeeded by his son Titus.
The reasons for this long absence are unclear, but have been linked to possible opposition to her presence by Gaius Licinius Mucianus, a political ally of emperor Vespasian who died sometime between 72 and 78.
She appeared to have died, before Commagene, was annexed by Roman Emperor Vespasian in 72.
Gaius Valerius Flaccus ( Setinus Balbus ) ( died c. AD 90 ) was a Roman poet who flourished in the " Silver Age " under the emperors Vespasian and Titus and wrote a Latin Argonautica that owes a great deal to Apollonius of Rhodes ' more famous epic.
Domitilla the Elder died before Vespasian became emperor.
* Gaius Valerius Flaccus ( died 1st century ), Latin poet at the time of Vespasian
When he died, his friend Vespasian thought very highly of him and dedicated a sporting festival called the Balbillean Games, named and held in honor of his memory which was held at Ephesus from 79 until into the 3rd century.
As no mention is made of Mucianus during the reigns of Titus or Domitian, he probably died during the reign of Vespasian.
Because Titus ' father, Vespasian, has died, everyone assumes that Titus will now be free to marry his beloved Bérénice, queen of Palestine.
Vespasian and 79
* 9 – Emperor Vespasian, Roman emperor ( d. 79 )
Vespasian (; ; 17 November 9 – 23 June 79 ) was Roman Emperor from AD 69 to AD 79.
* Titus Flavius Vespasianus, Roman Emperor ( Vespasian, 69 — 79 )
* November 17 – Vespasian, Roman emperor ( d. 79 )
His accession as emperor was the first time a son had succeeded his father since Titus succeeded Vespasian in 79.
Despite concerns over his character, Titus ruled to great acclaim following the death of Vespasian in 79, and was considered a good emperor by Suetonius and other contemporary historians.
When in 79, a plot by Aulus Caecina Alienus and Eprius Marcellus to overthrow Vespasian was uncovered, Titus invited Alienus to dinner and ordered him to be stabbed before he had even left the room.
The coins issued 75 – 79 AD under Vespasian show Aeternitas holding a head in each hand representing Sol and Luna.
Chester was founded as a " castrum " or Roman fort with the name Deva Victrix in the year 79 by the Roman Legio II Adiutrix during the reign of the Emperor Vespasian.
So highly was Musonius esteemed in Rome that Vespasian allowed him to remain in Rome when the other philosophers were banished from the city ( 71 AD ), but eventually he was exiled anyway ( perhaps around 75 AD ), only returning after Vespasian's death ( 79 AD ).
Most were struck in the mint of Rome but from AD 64 during the reign of Nero ( AD 54 – 68 ) and Vespasian ( AD 69 – 79 ), the mint of Lyon ( Lugdunum ), supplemented production.
This situation remained unchanged when Titus succeeded Vespasian as Emperor on June 23, 79, leading both ancient and modern authors to suggest a mutual animosity between the two brothers.
In 79 AD it was enlarged to accommodate gladiator fights by Vespasian and to be completed in 81 AD under emperor Titus.
The Flavian dynasty was a Roman Imperial Dynasty, which ruled the Roman Empire between 69 and 96 AD, encompassing the reigns of Vespasian ( 69 – 79 ), and his two sons Titus ( 79 – 81 ) and Domitian ( 81 – 96 ).
In 79 he was implicated, along with Eprius Marcellus, in a conspiracy against Vespasian, and was put to death by order of Titus.
* 79, Downfall of Pompeii and Herculaneum, Death of Emperor Vespasian.
Vespasian and was
Meanwhile, Douglas was selected as the candidate of the Northern Democrats, with Herschel Vespasian Johnson as the vice-presidential candidate.
Domitian was born in Rome on 24 October 51, the youngest son of Titus Flavius Vespasianus — commonly known as Vespasian — and Flavia Domitilla Major.
Vespasian was assigned to lead the Roman army against the insurgents, with Titus — who had completed his military education by this time — in charge of a legion.
News of Nero's death reached Vespasian as he was preparing to besiege the city of Jerusalem.
When Otho was defeated by Vitellius at the First Battle of Bedriacum however, the armies in Judaea and Egypt took matters into their own hands and declared Vespasian emperor on 1 July 69.
Support for the old emperor was waning however, as more legions throughout the empire pledged their allegiance to Vespasian.
In the confusion, the leading men of the state gathered at Sabinus ' house, proclaiming Vespasian as Emperor, but the multitude dispersed when Vitellian cohorts clashed with the armed escort of Sabinus, who was forced to retreat to the Capitoline Hill.
Order was properly restored by Mucianus in early 70 but Vespasian did not enter Rome until September of that year.
With the return of Vespasian in late September, his political role was rendered all but obsolete and Domitian withdrew from government devoting his time to arts and literature.
Vespasian attempted to arrange a dynastic marriage between his youngest son and the daughter of Titus, Julia Flavia, but Domitian was adamant in his love for Domitia Longina, going so far as to persuade her husband, Lucius Aelius Lamia, to divorce her so that Domitian could marry her himself.
The family procession was headed by Vespasian and Titus, while Domitian, riding a magnificent white horse, followed with the remaining Flavian relatives.
The most extensive account of the life of Domitian to survive was written by the historian Suetonius, who was born during the reign of Vespasian, and published his works under Emperor Hadrian ( 117 – 138 ).
Over the next four years, the territory was consolidated and the future emperor Vespasian led a campaign into the Southwest where he subjugated two more tribes.
The future emperor Vespasian subdued the southwest, Cogidubnus was set up as a friendly king of several territories, and treaties were made with tribes outside the area under direct Roman control.
It was while being confined at Yodfat that Josephus claimed to have experienced a divine revelation, that later led to his speech predicting Vespasian would become emperor.
After the prediction became true he was released by Vespasian who considered his gift of prophecy to be divine.
The fate of the menorah used in the Second Temple is recorded by Josephus, who states that it was brought to Rome and carried along during the triumph of Vespasian and Titus.
For example, the defeat of Vitellius in the Year of the Four Emperors was decided when the Danubian legions chose to support Vespasian.
Later, it was also used to refer to Domitian ( as son of Vespasian ).
His claim to the throne was soon challenged by legions stationed in the eastern provinces, who proclaimed their commander Vespasian emperor instead.
Once he realised his support was wavering, Vitellius prepared to abdicate in favour of Vespasian, but was executed in Rome by Vespasian's soldiers on 22 December 69.
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