By June 1920, the Polish armies were past Vilnius, Minsk and ( allied with the Directorate of Ukraine ) reached Kiev, but then the massive Bolshevik counteroffensive moved the Poles out of most of Ukraine and on the northern front arrived at the outskirts of Warsaw.

They brought with them the Old Church Slavonic liturgy of the Eastern Orthodox Christian religion, written Slavic language, the version of which known as Chancery Slavonic was to serve the Lithuanian court's document-producing needs for a few centuries, and developed laws, turning Vilnius into a major center of their civilization.

Many cities were granted the German system of laws ( Magdeburg rights ), with the largest of these being Vilnius, since 1322 the capital of the Grand Duchy.

The voivodeships with a majority ethnic Lithuanian population were Vilnius, Trakai and Samogitian voivodeships, and these three voivodeships comprised the political center of the state.

* Russia has an embassy in Vilnius, with consulates in Klaipeda.

This agreement gave Lithuanians control of the city of Vilnius (, ), the old Lithuanian capital, but a city with a majority Polish population.

George Forster, who had been on Cook ’ s second voyage to the Pacific and had been with him when he landed on Norfolk Island, was at the time professor of natural history at the University of Vilna ( or Vilnius ) in Polish Lithuania: Forster discussed the proposed Botany Bay colony in an article written in November 1786, “ Neuholland, und die brittische Colonie in Botany Bay ”.

BI has roughly 1500 students in China through its close relationship with Fudan University in Shanghai, and is also the majority shareholder of the ISM University of Management and Economics ( previously known as International School of Management ) with around 2000 students located in Vilnius and Kaunas in Lithuania.

# Poles living in Lithuania ( particularly in the Vilnius region ), in Belarus ( particularly the northwest ), and in the northeast of Poland continue to speak the Eastern Borderlands dialect which sounds " slushed " ( in Polish described as zaciąganie z ruska, ' speaking with a Russian drawl '), and is easily distinguishable.

Vilnius (; see also other names ) is the capital of Lithuania, and its largest city, with a population of 554, 060 ( 838, 852 together with Vilnius County ) as of 2011.

In the year 2009, Vilnius was the European Capital of Culture, together with the Austrian city of Linz.

During the early 20th century, the Lithuanian-speaking population of Vilnius constituted only a small minority, with Polish, Yiddish, and Belarusian speakers comprising the majority of the city's population.

On 20 February 1922 after the highly contested election in Central Lithuania, the entire area was annexed by Poland, with the city becoming the capital of the Wilno Voivodship ( Wilno being the name of Vilnius in Polish ).

Orthodox Cathedral of the Theotokos, Vilnius | Cathedral of the Theotokos, with Gediminas's Tower in background Lithuanians at the time, were a tiny minority, less than 10 % of the population.

After the ultimatum was issued and Lithuania further occupied, a Soviet government was installed with Vilnius as the capital of the newly created Lithuanian SSR.

Vilnius was selected as a 2009 European Capital of Culture, along with Linz, the capital of Upper Austria.

Furthermore, Vilnius has access to groundwater, and there is no need to use extensive chemicals in treating surface water from lakes or rivers, providing residents with some of the cleanest and healthiest tap water access in Europe.

He protected the Catholic as well as the Orthodox clergy ; he raised the Lithuanian army to the highest state of efficiency then attainable ; defended his borders with a chain of strong fortresses and built numerous castles in towns including Vilnius.

On 4 September 1390, the joint forces of Vytautas and the Teutonic Grand Master, Konrad von Wallenrode, laid siege to Vilnius, which was held by Władysław's regent Skirgaila with combined Polish, Lithuanian and Ruthenian troops.

The Telecentre owns the highest building in the country: Vilnius TV Tower ( 326. 5 m ).

Dovnar-Zapolsky notes that the Polonization actually intensified under the liberal rule of Alexander I, particularly due to the efforts of Polish intellectuals who led the Vilnius University which was organized in 1802 – 1803 from the Academy in Vilna ( Schola Princeps Vilnensis ), vastly expanded and given the highest Imperial status under the new name Vilna Imperial University ( Imperatoria Universitas Vilnensis ).

* In December 2011, Vilnius city municipality unveiled a new internet portal vilnius. lt with e-democracy tools available.

In 1983, at the age of 62, he went through to the Candidates ' Final ( the match to determine who plays the champion, in that case Anatoly Karpov ), losing 8. 5 – 4. 5 at Vilnius 1984 to Garry Kasparov, who was 21 at the time, and who went on to beat Karpov to become world champion in 1985.

Religious centre ) is the name of the religious Zionist organization founded in 1902 in Vilnius at a world conference of religious Zionists called by Rabbi Yitzchak Yaacov Reines.

Vilnius TV Tower became the biggest basketball hoop in the world during the 2011 FIBA European Basketball Championship.

In Vilnius the average temperatures are in January and in July.

The section from Kaunas to Vilnius has expressway status with 110 km / h speed limit during summer and 100 km / h during winter.

In 1987, Black Ribbon Day protests were held in 36 cities including Vilnius, Lithuania.

* 1919 – Polish – Soviet War: The Polish army launches the Vilna offensive to capture Vilnius in modern Lithuania.

Alexander Jagellon never felt at home in Poland, and bestowed his favor principally upon his fellow Lithuanians, the most notable of whom was the wealthy Lithuanian magnate Michael Glinski, who justified his master's confidence by his great victory over the Tatars at Kleck ( 5 August 1506 ), news of which was brought to Alexander on his deathbed in Vilnius.

In 1931, during the refurbishment of Vilnius Cathedral, the forgotten sarcophagus of Alexander was discovered, and has since been put on display.

File: Vilnius. Sv. Onos baznycia. Saint Ann's church2. jpg | Gothic St. Anne's Church in Vilnius was constructed on his initiative in 1495-1500.

* St. Anne's Church, Vilnius

* A public square in Vilnius in front of the Press House is named after Sakharov.

Summary ", in: Baltų kultūros ištakos, Vilnius: " Savastis " ISBN 9986-420-00-8 "; p. 259

* Finland has an embassy in Vilnius and an honorary consulate in Klaipėda.

Piłsudski's seizure of Vilnius in October 1920 poisoned Polish – Lithuanian relations for the remainder of the interwar period.

In 2013, IKEA plans to open its first shopping centre in Vilnius, Lithuania that will be the biggest furniture-selling mall in Baltic states.

Grutas Park is home to a monument of Stalin, originally set up in Vilnius.

* 1991 – Soviet Union troops attack Lithuanian independence supporters in Vilnius, killing 14 people and wounding 1000.

She financed a scholarship for twenty Lithuanians to study at Charles University in Prague to help strengthen Christianity in their country, to which purpose she also founded a bishopric in Vilnius.