Dutch researchers from the German Alfred Wegener Institute, on finding a Secchi disc visible at a depth of 262 feet on October 13, 1986, ascertained that the clarity corresponded to that of distilled water.

* February 24 – Returning to West Germany from Antarctica, where in December 1984 it had become one of the first two German planes ever to land at the South Pole, Polar 3, a Dornier Do 228 operated as a survey and research airplane by the Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, is shot down over Western Sahara south of Dakhla by Polisario Front guerrillas, killing its entire three-man crew.

* The Finite-Element Sea-Ice Ocean Model ( FESOM ) developed at Alfred Wegener Institute uses an unstructured grid.

The man tasked with creating the tactics and strategies that would be used by Germany's first exclusive counter-terrorist force, Colonel Wegener was the Bundesgrenzschutz ( Federal Border Protection ) liaison officer for German Interior Minister Hans-Dietrich Genscher at the time of the Munich Olympics.

Wegener witnessed the botched attempt to rescue the Israeli hostages held by Palestinian terrorists at Munich in 1972 and was subsequently assigned to create an elite counter-terrorist unit by the West German government after the disaster.

Wegener was the GSG 9 commander at the liberation of the hostages of the PFLP on the Boeing 737 Landshut, operated by Lufthansa as flight 181, in Mogadishu, Somalia, in the night from the 17th to the 18th October 1977.

* Polar Stratospheric Clouds Above Spitsbergen at Alfred Wegener Institute

His father, Richard Wegener, was a theologian and teacher of classical languages at the Berlinisches Gymnasium zum Grauen Kloster.

Wegener attended school at the on Wallstrasse in Berlin ( a fact which is memorialized on a plaque on this protected building, now a school of music ), graduating as the best in his class.

In 1905 Wegener became an assistant at the Aeronautischen Observatorium Lindenberg near Beeskow.

After his return in 1908 and until World War I, Wegener was a lecturer in meteorology, applied astronomy and cosmic physics at the University of Marburg.

Wegener obtained a position as a meteorologist at the German Naval Observatory ( Deutsche Seewarte ) and moved to Hamburg with his wife and their two daughters.

In November 1926 Wegener presented his continental drift theory at a symposium of the American Association of Petroleum Geologists in New York City, again earning rejection from everyone but the chairman.

Wegener felt personally responsible for the expedition's success, as the German government had contributed $ 120, 000 ($ 1. 5 million in 2007 dollars ) at a time when Germans were starving to death owing to post-war shortages.

There being only enough supplies for three at, Wegener and Rasmus Villumsen took two dog sleds and made for West camp.

She moved to Copenhagen to pursue her education at the Royal Art Academy, and married fellow artist Einar Wegener ( later Lili Elbe ) ( 1882 – 1931 ) in 1904.

The principle of ice growth through vapor deposition on ice crystals at the expense of liquid water was first theorized by the German scientist Alfred Wegener in 1911 while studying hoarfrost formation.

Four of these medals are at union level: the Arthur Holmes Medal for Solid Earth Geosciences, the Alfred Wegener Medal for atmospheric, hydrological, or ocean sciences, the Jean Dominique Cassini Medal for planetary and space sciences, and the Alexander von Humboldt Medal for scientists from developing countries ( with emphasis on Latin America and Africa ), who have achieved exceptional international standing in geosciences and planetary and space sciences, defined in their widest senses.

It is now accepted that the plates carrying the continents do move across the Earth's surface ; ironically one of the chief outstanding questions is the one Wegener failed to resolve: what is the nature of the forces propelling the plates?

In the 1920s, Raeder as one of the authors of the official history of the German Navy in World War I, he sided with Tirpitz against the Jeune École-inspired theories of Wegener, arguing that everything that his mentor Tirpitz did was correct, and dismissed the strategy of guerre de course as a “ dangerous delusion ”.

In the early 1950s Wegener was arrested for the illegal distribution of dissident pamphlets within East Germany and was imprisoned for one year.

His brother Kurt remarked that Alfred Wegener ’ s motivation was to “ reestablish the connection between geophysics on the one hand and geography and geology on the other, which had become completely ruptured because of the specialized development of these branches of science .”

As the war closed Wegener was one of the first to rebuild cultural life in Berlin.

A tour in January 1983 found the group return to a five-piece, with Jeffrey Wegener playing drums and Harvey returning to second guitar.

Wegener did not remain with the group, however, and they returned to a four-piece soon after.

After a bit of persuasion, she convinced her parents to enroll her in the acting group Wegener belonged to, the Theater of Max Reinhardt.

Wegener also speculated on sea-floor spreading and the role of the mid-ocean ridges, stating: the Mid-Atlantic Ridge ... zone in which the floor of the Atlantic, as it keeps spreading, is continuously tearing open and making space for fresh, relatively fluid and hot sima from depth .< ref > However, he did not pursue these ideas in his later works.

He stated: the Mid-Atlantic Ridge ... zone in which the floor of the Atlantic, as it keeps spreading, is continuously tearing open and making space for fresh, relatively fluid and hot sima from depth .< ref > However, Wegener did not pursue this observation in his later works and his theory was dismissed by geologists because there was no mechanism to explain how continents could plow through ocean crust, and the theory became largely forgotten.

The marines broke down the door with the butts of their rifles, but Wegener squeezes through a scuttle and dropped into the sea.

The hypothesis that the continents had once formed a single landmass before breaking apart and drifting to their present locations was first presented by Alfred Wegener to the German Geological Society on 6 January 1912.

Wegener was the first to use the phrase " continental drift " ( 1912, 1915 ) ( in German " die Verschiebung der Kontinente " – translated into English in 1922 ) and formally publish the hypothesis that the continents had somehow " drifted " apart.

* 1912 – German geophysicist Alfred Wegener first presents his theory of continental drift.

At that point, Colonel Ulrich Wegener, Genscher's senior aide and later the founder of the elite German counter-terrorist unit GSG 9, said " I'm sure this will blow the whole affair!

* 1880 – Alfred Wegener, German meteorologist and geophysicist ( d. 1930 )

** Alfred Wegener, German scientist and meteorology ( d. 1930 )

* November – Alfred Wegener, German geophysicist and meteorologist ( b. 1880 )

Another fraction led by Commander Wolfgang Wegener argued that because of superior British shipbuilding capacity that Germany could never hope to build a “ balanced fleet ” capable of winning the Entscheidungsschlacht, and that as such, the best use of German naval strength was to build a fleet of cruisers and submarines that would wage a guerre de course (“ war of the chase ”, a strategy of seeking to destroy the British Merchant Marine instead of the Navy ).

As early as 1915, Wegener had pointed out that the blockade was based upon patrolling the waters between Scotland and Norway, and argued that if Germany had control of Norway, then not only would the blockade be broken, but the German Navy could then force the British Navy to engage in a decisive battle of annihilation.

* Hansen, Kenneth " Raeder versus Wegener Conflict in German Strategy " pages 81 – 108 from U. S. Naval War College Review, Volume 58, Issue # 4, Autumn 2005.

* Raeder versus Wegener Conflicts in German Naval Strategy by Commander Kenneth Hansen

As a consequence of the incident's mismanagement, the West German government created the GSG 9 under the leadership of then Oberstleutnant Ulrich Wegener so that similar situations in the future could be responded to adequately and professionally.

Ulrich K. " Ricky " Wegener ( born August 22, 1929 ) is a retired German police officer and founding member of the counter-terrorist force GSG 9.

In 1952 Wegener moved to West Germany and participated in entrance examinations for the Officer Candidate School of the German Armed Forces.

Having both planned and led the successful operation to liberate the hostages of the Lufthansa 181 hijacking Wegener was awarded the German Commander's Cross of the Federal Cross of Merit ( Großes Bundesverdienstkreuz ).

Eismitte, in English also called Mid-Ice, was the site of an Arctic expedition in the interior of Greenland that took place from July 1930 through August 1931, and claimed the life of noted German scientist Alfred Wegener.

Heinz Karl Ernst Klinger ( born 1907 ) would add information on the anatomical pathology, but the full picture was presented by Friedrich Wegener ( 1907 – 1990 ), a German pathologist, in two reports in 1936 and 1939.

* Alfred Wegener ( 1880 – 1930 ), German geologist and meteorologist

* Friedrich Wegener ( 1907 – 1990 ), German pathologist