The title " teacher " was first given to Aristotle by Muslim scholars, and was later used by Western philosophers ( as in the famous poem of Dante ) who were influenced by the tradition of Islamic philosophy.

* 1903 – The Kishinev pogrom in Kishinev ( Bessarabia ) begins, forcing tens of thousands of Jews to later seek refuge in Israel and the Western world.

A centre for the arts, learning and philosophy, home of Plato's Academy and Aristotle's Lyceum, it is widely referred to as the cradle of Western civilization and the birthplace of democracy, largely due to the impact of its cultural and political achievements during the 5th and 4th centuries BC in later centuries on the rest of the then known European continent.

Trinitarianism remained the dominant doctrine in all major branches of the Eastern and Western Church and later within Protestantism until modern times.

This incident shows the strong position of a bishop in the Western part of the empire, even when facing a strong emperor — the controversy of John Chrysostom with a much weaker emperor a few years later in Constantinople led to a crushing defeat of the bishop.

Thus in the classical tradition of later Western art and literature, the mythology of the two figures becomes virtually indistinguishable.

Within the later tradition of Western Civilization and classical revival the Acropolis, from at least the mid-18th century on, has often been invoked as a key symbol of the Greek legacy and of the glories of Classical Greece.

This family includes extant manuscripts dating from the 5th century or later ; however, papyrus fragments may be used to show that this text-type dates as early as the Alexandrian or Western text-types.

A fourth theory is that the longer Western text came first, but that later, some other redact or abbreviated some of the material, resulting in the shorter Alexandrian text.

According to this new theory, the shorter Alexandrian text is closer to the original, and the longer Western text is the result of later insertion of additional material into the text.

In 1893, Sir W. M. Ramsay in The Church in the Roman Empire held that the Codex Bezae ( the Western text ) rested on a recension made in Asia Minor ( somewhere between Ephesus and southern Galatia ), not later than about the middle of the 2nd century.

The office of Admiral of England ( or Lord Admiral and later Lord High Admiral ) was created around 1400, though there were before this Admirals of the Northern and Western Seas.

It was part of the ' Big Push ' ( later known as the Battle of the Somme ) that was intended to force the German Army into a retreat from the Western Front, a line they had held since late 1914.

The supporters of these views feel that the Afrikaner designation ( or label ) was used from the 1930s onwards as a means of unifying ( politically at least ) the white Afrikaans speakers of the Western Cape with those of Trekboer and Voortrekker descent ( whose ancestors began migrating eastward during the late 17th century and throughout the 18th century and later northward during the Great Trek of the 1830s ) in the north of South Africa, where the Boer Republics were established.

The Catholic Church has what is claimed to be the oldest continuously functioning internal legal system in Western Europe, much later than Roman law but predating evolution of modern European civil law traditions.

This book is extremely detailed and complex, and later the ideas were developed into the predominant Western view of the chakras by C. W. Leadbeater in his book The Chakras.

When Stanford was Governor of California, the Legislature passed on April 22, 1863, " An Act to Authorize the Board of Supervisors of the City and County of San Francisco to take and subscribe One Million Dollars to the Capital Stock of the Western Pacific Rail Road Company and the Central Pacific Rail Road Company of California and to provide for the payment of the same and other matters relating thereto " ( which was later amended by Section Five of the " Compromise Act " of April 4, 1864 ).

Following the discovery of the islands by Columbus, the area was quickly colonised by several Western cultures ( initially Spain, then later Portugal, England, the Dutch Republic, France and Denmark ).

The game of Chinese dominoes later developed into the modern game of dominoes, first appearing in Italy during the 18th century, the origin of its Western name.

Even more than two hundred years later, during the last century, when Western specialists in Chinese, who had by that time created the discipline known as sinology, designed the early forms of numerous transcriptions used today, the first mistakes of enthusiastic missionaries, envoys and business men were not fully eliminated.

Girardot, Miller and Liu ( 2001: xxxi ) explain, " earlier discussions of the Daoist tradition were often distorted and misleading — especially in terms of the special Western fascination with the ' classical ' or ' philosophical ' Daode jing and the denigration and neglect of the later sectarian traditions.

Donald Dewar died one day later in Edinburgh's Western General Hospital, never having regained consciousness.

# The endorsement by the popes and the church of the line of emperors beginning with the Emperors Constantine and Theodosius, later the Eastern Roman emperors, and finally the Western Roman emperor, Charlemagne and his successors, the Catholic Holy Roman Emperors.

The series of speed increases — later in 1955, in 1956, in 1957, in 1958, in 1959 — peaked on 31 December 1964 at Dumbleyung Lake, Western Australia when he reached ; he remains the world's most prolific breaker of water speed records.

It is only in a later epoch that the seat of the primordial tradition, transferred to other regions, was able to become either Western or Eastern.

It became the sole `` subject '' of `` international law '' ( a term which, it is pertinent to remember, was coined by Bentham ), a body of legal principle which by and large was made up of what Western nations could do in the world arena.

At age seventy-four, he became what he shyly terms a `` pupil '' of Andres Segovia, the great guitarist of the Western world.

Particularly was this true as laissez-faire capitalism became the dominant credo of Western society.

About 1888 J. E. McNaughton of Barnumville and E. G. Bacon became proprietors of the `` Green Mountain Telegraph Company '', connecting all offices on the Western Union line and extending over the mountain from Barnumville to Peru, Londonderry, South Londonderry, Lowell Lake, Windham, North Windham, Grafton, Cambridgeport, Saxton's River, and Bellows Falls.

He made use of the time by undertaking far more intensive fieldwork than had been done by British anthropologists, and his classic ethnography, Argonauts of the Western Pacific ( 1922 ) advocated an approach to fieldwork that became standard in the field: getting " the native's point of view " through participant observation.

He became commander of the Confederacy's western armies in the area often called the Western Department or Western Military Department.

While 2 November remained the liturgical celebration, in time the entire month of November became associated in the Western Catholic tradition with prayer for the departed ; lists of names of those to be remembered being placed in the proximity of the altar on which the sacrifice of the mass is offered.

This type of farmer-labour co-operation became common throughout Western Canada, leading to the creation of the short-lived Progressive Party of Canada in the 1920s, and the more durable Co-operative Commonwealth Federation ( Farmer-Labour-Socialist ) in Calgary, Alberta, in 1935, precursor to Canada's modern-day social democratic party, the New Democratic Party.

However, to minimize the extent of the movement ignores the facts that at least two Roman emperors, Constantius II and Valens, became Arians, as did prominent Gothic, Vandal and Lombard warlords both before and after the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

Her Latin origins and culture however led to creeping resentment from her Greek subjects ( who felt insulted enough by the late Manuel's Western tastes, let alone being ruled by his Western wife ), building up to an explosion of rioting that almost became a full civil war.

The best selling model, the Amiga 500, was introduced in 1987 and became the leading home computer of the late 1980s and early 1990s in much of Western Europe.

With the Renaissance, tyrannicide — or assassination for personal or political reasons — became more common again in Western Europe.

Saint Anthony decided to follow this tradition and headed out into the alkaline Nitrian Desert region ( which became the location of the noted monasteries of Nitria, Kellia and Scetis ), about west of Alexandria, on the edge of the Western Desert.

The Western League, founded in 1893, became particularly aggressive.

As a result, his Rule became one of the most influential religious rules in Western Christendom.

Despite the absence of a Benedictine order, since most monasteries founded during the Middle Ages adopted the Rule of St Benedict, it became the standard for Western Monasticism.

Records of Classical boxing activity disappeared after the fall of the Western Roman Empire when the wearing of weapons became common once again and interest in fighting with the fists waned.

Wills recalled the early days of what became known as Western swing music in a 1949 interview.

In Otto III hoped to open a monastery between the Elbe and the Oder ( somewhere in the pagan lands that became Brandenburg or Western

The Portland Club rules eventually became generally accepted throughout England and Western cultures.

There is general agreement that capitalism became dominant in the Western world following the demise of feudalism.

The Attlee government then became instrumental in the creation of the successful NATO defence alliance to protect Western Europe against any Soviet aggression.

For example, it has been suggested that, in the early 20th century Shanghai, “ Western food, and in particular identifiably nourishing items like milk, became a symbol of a neo-traditional Chinese notion of family .”