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When a paraaortic lymph node dissection or sampling is done as a part of the treatment of cancer, the lateral aortic lymph node group is the most important group.
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When and paraaortic
When a distinction is made, the " aortic bodies " are chemoreceptors which regulate Circulatory system, while the " paraaortic bodies " are the chromaffin cells which manufacture catecholamines.
When and lymph
When health conditions warrant, immune system organs including the thymus, spleen, portions of bone marrow, lymph nodes and secondary lymphatic tissues can be surgically excised for examination while patients are still alive.
When the thoracic duct-venous communication is blocked, however, the resultant raised intralymphatic pressure will usually cause other normal non-functioning communications to open and thereby allow the return of lymph to the blood stream.
When a B-cell in the lymph node recognizes the same unprocessed surface antigen on the bacterium with its surface bound antibody, the antigen is endocytosed and processed.
When the prions are absorbed through the intestines, they first appear in the lymph nodes, especially in Peyer's patches at the small intestine.
When the thoracic duct is blocked or damaged a large amount of lymph can quickly accumulate in the pleural cavity, this situation is called chylothorax.
When a lymph node detects a possible threat passing into it in the lymph ( such as a bacterium ), it swells up.
When a lumpectomy is performed for DCIS, lymph node biopsy and radiation therapy may be performed.
When metastasis does occur, it is usually to the liver, spleen, lymph nodes and bone marrow.
When the hilar lymph node for instance is infected with tuberculosis and leads to caseous necrosis, its gross appearance can be a cheesy tan to white, which is why this type of necrosis is often depicted as a combination of both coagulative and liquefactive necrosis.
When the head of the operating room table is lower than the heart, fluid accumulates in tissues of the head because venous return and lymph drainage are decreased.
When an infection is present, the lymph nodes swell, produce more white blood cells, and attempt to trap the organisms that are causing the infection.
When cancer has not spread to the locoregional lymph nodes ( stage II, Dukes B ) the benefit of chemotherapy is marginal and the decision on whether to give adjuvant chemotherapy should be carefully evaluated by discussing with the patient the realistic benefits and the possible toxic side effects of treatment.
When and node
When a key is requested, first the node checks the local data store.
When the user wants to do a search, the client sends the request to each actively connected node.
When a node first starts, it only knows of its immediate neighbours, and the direct cost involved in reaching them.
When applying link-state algorithms, each node uses as its fundamental data a map of the network in the form of a graph.
When applied to a bus-based network, this central hub rebroadcasts all transmissions received from any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes on the network, sometimes including the originating node.
When a node x is accessed, a splay operation is performed on x to move it to the root.
When a subtree is rotated, the subtree side upon which it is rotated decreases its height by one node while the other subtree increases its height.
When a node wanted to transmit data, it would raise a bit on its hub port connection that indicating to the hub that it was ready.
When combined with Near Vertical Incidence Skywave ( NVIS ) techniques and sufficient channels spread across the spectrum, an ALE node can provide greater than 95 % success linking on the first call, on a near-par with SATCOM systems.
When a station or device or node wants to send some information, it uses the following algorithm:
When a node sends a message, the message is processed by each computer in the ring.
When the physical star topology is applied to a logical bus network such as Ethernet, this central node ( traditionally a hub ) rebroadcasts all transmissions received from any peripheral node to all peripheral nodes on the network, sometimes including the originating node.
# When we are done considering all of the neighbors of the current node, mark the current node as visited and remove it from the unvisited set.
When back-face culling is used, each node therefore contains a convex set of polygons, whereas when rendering double-sided polygons, each node of the BSP tree contains only polygons in a single plane.
When administered intravenously, adenosine causes transient heart block in the Atrioventricular ( AV ) node.
When a link-state advertisement is received at a node, the node looks up the sequence number it has stored for the source of that link-state message.
When a node is moved from the candidate list into the tree, it is removed from the candidate list and is not considered in subsequent iterations of the algorithm.
When a fact or combination of facts causes all of the patterns for a given rule to be satisfied, a leaf node is reached and the corresponding rule is triggered.
When and dissection
* " When I undertake the dissection of a human cadaver I pass a stout rope tied like a noose beneath the lower jaw and through the zygomas up to the top of the head ...
When Galvani was doing some dissection work in his lab, his scalpel touched the body of a frog, and he saw the muscles in the frog's leg twitch.
When it was discovered in the TV show version, Lister chose to be placed in stasis rather than surrender the cat for dissection.
When the sentinel node is free of tumor cells, this is highly predictive of freedom from metastasis in the entire lymphatic basin, thus leading to futility of a full node dissection.
When dissected, the dissection usually includes the region from the bifurcation of the aorta to the superior mesenteric artery or the renal veins.
When and sampling
When the area of the sampling spot ( the size of the pixel sensor ) is not large enough to provide sufficient spatial anti-aliasing, a separate anti-aliasing filter ( optical low-pass filter ) is typically included in a camera system to further blur the optical image.
When a signal is downsampled, the sampling theorem can be invoked via the artifice of resampling a hypothetical continuous-time reconstruction.
When the new samples are played at the original sampling frequency, the audio clip sounds faster or slower.
When sampling is performed without removing this part of the signal, it causes undesirable artifacts such as the black-and-white noise near the top of figure 1-a below.
When the continuous function being sampled contains no frequencies equal or higher than the Nyquist frequency, all the aliases caused by sampling occur above the Nyquist frequency.
When Hip hop and rap emerged it created a need for sampling.
When one samples a bandpass signal at a rate lower than the Nyquist rate, the samples are equal to samples of a low-frequency alias of the high-frequency signal ; the original signal will still be uniquely represented and recoverable if the spectrum of its alias does not cross over half the sampling rate.
* Biased sample – When the above happen because of ( personal ) bias of the sampling entity.
When selecting a subject for a case study, researchers will therefore use information-oriented sampling, as opposed to random sampling.
( When PRISM asks Perelman about himself, Perelman mentions that politically, he has " always been pretty liberal ...." Conservative elements are considered to be the plan's strongest supporters based on statistical sampling, although the plan has the support of a majority of both liberals and conservatives.
When calculated from the same population, it has a different sampling distribution to that of the mean and is generally not normal ( but it may be close for large sample sizes ).
When species diversity values are compared among sets, sampling efforts need to be standardised in an appropriate way for the comparisons to yield ecologically meaningful results.
When both sampling and windowing are applied to s ( t ), in either order, the leakage caused by windowing is a relatively localized spreading of frequency components, with often a blurring effect, whereas the aliasing caused by sampling is a periodic repetition of the entire blurred spectrum.
When the sampling fraction is large ( approximately at 5 % or more ), the estimate of the error must be corrected by multiplying by a " finite population correction "
When a discrete-time signal obtained by sampling a sequence corresponding to uniformly spaced times, it has an associated sampling rate ; the sampling rate is not apparent in the data sequence, and so needs to be associated as a separate data item.
When making a recording, experienced audio recording and mastering engineers will normally do a master recording at a higher sampling rate ( i. e. 88. 2, 96, 176. 4 or 192 kHz ) and then do any editing or mixing at that same higher frequency.
When sampling a function of variables, the range of each variable is divided into equally probable intervals.
When attempting to gather information about a particular topic, and a limited number of participants or test subjects are available, snowball sampling would increase the efficiency of the study.
When one samples continental groups the clusters become continental, if one had chosen other sampling patterns the clusters would be different.
When the sampling frequency is doubled, the signal to quantization noise is improved by for a-order ΔΣ-modulator.
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