When Coleridge travelled to Chamonix, he declaimed, in defiance of Shelley, who had signed himself " Atheos " in the guestbook of the Hotel de Londres near Montenvers, " Who would be, who could be an atheist in this valley of wonders ".

When Calatayud fell, he took Bubierca, Alhama de Aragón, Ariza, and Daroca ( 1120 ).

When van de Velde was forced to resign in 1915 because he was Belgian, he suggested Gropius, Hermann Obrist and August Endell as possible successors.

When the crowd — eventually reinforced by mutinous gardes françaises — proved a fair match for the fort's defenders, Governor de Launay, the commander of the Bastille, capitulated and opened the gates to avoid a mutual massacre.

When the messenger had finished, the French general reportedly announced " Nous n ' avons plus de flotte: eh bien.

When Colonel de Gaulle did organize a counter-attack with superior French tanks, he did not have the air support to gain the upper hand and had to retreat.

When over 25, 000 of these royalists — led by General Danican — assaulted Paris, Paul François Jean Nicolas, vicomte de Barras was appointed to defend the capital ; outnumbered five to one and disorganized, the Republicans were desperate.

When Stalin died on 5 March 1953, Georgy Malenkov, a Deputy Chairman of the Council of Ministers succeeded him as Chairman and as the de facto leading figure of the Presidium ( the renamed Politburo ).

When Louis XVI was executed on 21 January 1793, another man had already died as well — Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau.

When Republican Rome turned into a de facto monarchy in the second half of the 1st century BC, at first there was no name for the title of the new type of monarch.

When Napoleon I ordered the invasion of Portugal in 1807 because it refused to join the Continental System, the Portuguese Braganças moved their capital to Rio de Janeiro to avoid the fate of the Spanish Bourbons ( Napoleon I arrested them and made his brother Joseph king ).

When his wife Josefa died in 1812, he was mentally and emotionally processing the war by painting The Charge of the Mamelukes and The Third of May 1808, and preparing the series of prints later known as The Disasters of War ( Los desastres de la guerra ).

When they were expelled from Ceará, the Portuguese renamed it to Fortaleza de Nossa Senhora da Assunção.

Le Laboratoire des Hallucinations, by André de Lorde: When a doctor finds his wife's lover in his operating room, he performs a graphic brain surgery rendering the adulterer a hallucinating semi-zombie.

" When the inquisitor-general of France learned that Servetus was hiding in Vienne, according to Calvin under an assumed name, he contacted Cardinal François de Tournon, the secretary of the archbishop of Lyon, to take up the matter.

When a country is recognized as de jure, it is an acknowledgment by the other de jure nations that the country has sovereignty and the right to exist.

When a group of Mexicans murdered two American rebels, Frémont imprisoned José de los Santos Berreyesa, the alcalde, or mayor of Sonoma, two other Berreyesa brothers, and others he believed were involved.

When Germany occupied the Sudetenland, many important artworks such as the Mona Lisa were temporarily moved to the Château de Chambord.

When René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle claimed the territory drained by here the Mississippi River for France, he named it, meaning " Land of Louis ".

When Poland re-emerged as an independent state in 1918, Mazurek Dąbrowskiego became its de facto anthem.

When in 1489, Lorenzo de ' Medici, de facto ruler of Florence, asked Ghirlandaio for his two best pupils, Ghirlandaio sent Michelangelo and Francesco Granacci.

When Bishop de Berghes became eligible to inherit he was in a religious community and could not accept the title.

When the Grito de la Villa de Los Santos independence motion occurred, Veraguas firmly opposed it.

When Éamon de Valera led Fianna Fáil to victory in the Irish Free State election of 1932, he began removing the monarchical elements of the constitution, beginning with the Oath of Allegiance.

When Éamon de Valera became President of the Executive Council ( prime minister ) in 1932 he described Cosgrave's ministers ' achievements simply.

When Lynch returned he was confronted openly by Síle de Valera, Dr Bill Loughnane, a noted hardline Republican backbencher, along with Tom McEllistrim, a member of Haughey's gang of five, at a parliamentary party meeting.

When the First Dáil met in 1919, Éamon de Valera was the president of Sinn Féin and thus the natural choice for leadership.

When de Valera resigned as President of the Republic on 6 January 1922, O ' Kelly returned from Paris to Ireland to try to negotiate a compromise, whereby de Valera could return to the presidency.

When Éamon de Valera was nominated as President of the Executive Council in 1932, McNeill opted to travel to Leinster House, the parliament buildings, to appoint de Valera, rather than require that he go to the Viceregal Lodge, the Governor-General's residence and the former seat of British Lords Lieutenant, so as to avoid embarrassing de Valera, who was a republican.

When none was forthcoming ( merely an ambiguous message from de Valera that could be interpreted as partially blaming McNeill for attending functions that ministers had been invited to ), he published his correspondence with de Valera, even though de Valera had formally advised him not to do so.

When on 6 February 1900, through the initiative of William O ' Brien and his United Irish League ( UIL ), the INL and the INF re-united again within the Irish Parliamentary Party, Redmond was elected its chairman ( leader ), a position he held until his death in 1918 — a longer period than any other nationalist leader, except Éamon de Valera and Daniel O ' Connell.

When this proposal failed Ryan left the party along with de Valera and dozens of other Sinn Féin TDs.

When Seán Lemass succeeded de Valera as Taoiseach in 1959 Ryan was retained in the Finance portfolio.

When Wilson told him ( 5 July ) that he “ did not speak to murderers ” and would hand de Valera over to the police on his forthcoming visit to London the Prime Minister replied “ Oh nonsense.

When the enemy finally came across Lynch they initially believed him to be Éamon de Valera but he reportedly informed them-" I am Liam Lynch, Chief-of-Staff of the Irish Republican Army.

When de Valera was replaced by a coalition, headed by John Costello, in 1948, Maffey again established a good working relationship with its members, although he was scathing about the clumsy manner in which the declaration of a Republic was handled: " Mr. Costello has handled the business in a slapdash and amateur fashion ".

When Éamon de Valera founded Fianna Fáil in 1926, Stack remained with Sinn Féin being re-elected to the Dáil at the June 1927 general election.

When founded by Franklin the Gazette was a weekly family newspaper and under its new name its format remained that of a newspaper but its columns gradually contained more and more fiction, poetry, and literary essays.

When the Germanic peoples entered the Roman Empire and founded successor-kingdoms in the western part, most had been Arian Christians for more than a century.

When the ACLU was founded in 1920, its focus was on freedom of speech, primarily for anti-war protesters.

When it started in 1970, the Universal Press Syndicate gave cartoonists a 50-percent share on the ownership of their works, while the Creators Syndicate ( founded in 1987 ) granted artists full rights to the strips, something that Universal Press did in 1990. followed by King Features in 1995, while before 1999 both the Tribune and United Feature services began granting rights to creators over their works ; however the latter three syndicates only applied this to new strips, or to ones popular enough.

When Chicago was founded in 1833, most of the early building began around the mouth of the Chicago River, as can be seen on a map of the city's original 58 blocks.

When the church was founded by Saint Mark during the reign of the Roman emperor Nero, a great multitude of native Egyptians ( as opposed to Greeks or Jews ) embraced the Christian faith.

When the Dutch East India Company ( VOC ) was founded in 1602, some traders in Amsterdam did not agree with its monopolistic politics.

When the IFF was founded in 1986, the sport was played in mostly Nordic countries, Japan, and several parts of Europe.

When the Church of St. Luke in the Fields was founded in 1820 it stood in fields south of the road ( now Christopher Street ) that led from Greenwich Lane ( now Greenwich Avenue ) down to a landing on the North River.

When Augustus founded the Roman Empire, the Mediterranean sea began to be called Mare Nostrum ( Latin: " Our Sea ") by the Romans.

When the Country Music Association was founded in 1958, the term hillbilly music gradually fell out of use.

When founded, JPL's site was a rocky flood-plain just outside the city limits of Pasadena.

When the Union of South Africa was founded in 1910 the colony was still controlled by the British and moves were made to transfer it to the Union.

When Walter Gropius founded the Bauhaus in Germany in 1919, Feininger was his first faculty appointment, and became the master artist in charge of the printmaking workshop.

When expanded, the universities are almost always referred to as " Oxford and Cambridge ", the order in which they were founded.

When the People's Republic was founded in 1949, the telecommunications systems and facilities in China first established by the Qing and Republican ITA and Ministry of Posts and Communications had been seriously damaged from over thirty years of on and off war between warlords, Japan, and the two sides of the Chinese Civil War.

" When The Feminists began to select randomly who could talk to the press, Ti-Grace Atkinson quit the organization she had founded.

When the academy was founded, the ballroom was the biggest room in Stockholm that could be heated and thus used in the winter, so the king asked if he could borrow it.

When the company was first founded, its original objective was to create a next-generation CD-based video game system which would be manufactured by various partners and licensees ; 3DO would collect a royalty on each console sold and on each game manufactured.

When founded in 1984, the league was a pioneer in gender equality, offering competition in a then-unprecedented 10 women's sports.

When the National Federation of Afro-American Women was founded in 1896, Tubman was the keynote speaker at its first meeting.

When James I, the Conqueror, king of Aragon and count of Barcelona, founded the Kingdom of Majorca in 1276, Perpignan became the capital of the mainland territories of the new state.

When Harvard Business School was founded, the faculty realized that there were no textbooks suitable to a graduate program in business.

When Pausanias visited the city of Triteia in the second century CE, he was told that the name of the city was derived from an eponymous Triteia, a daughter of Triton, and that it claimed to have been founded by her son ( with Ares ), one among several mythic heroes named Melanippus (" Black Horse ").

When Alchfrith, king of Deira, founded a new monastery at Ripon, Cuthbert became its praepositus hospitum or guest master under Eata.