When Henry II and Louis VII made a truce on 8 September 1174, Richard was specifically excluded.

When Henry's sons rebelled against him in 1173 Rhys sent his son Hywel Sais to Normandy to aid the king, then in 1174 personally led an army to Tutbury in Staffordshire to assist at the siege of the stronghold of the rebel Earl William de Ferrers.

When the strongest Muslim ruler in Syria Nur ad-Din Zangi died in 1174, his successor Saladin was more concerned with Egypt and Palestine than the territory bordering the Empire.

When Henry II's sons rebelled against him with the support of some leading barons in the Revolt of 1173 – 1174, Portchester was made ready for war.

When King William the Lion of Scotland invaded northern England in the spring of 1174, Hugh either connived at the invasion or helped the rebels and the Scottish king.

When the X-Men receive a distress call from a Scottish island, they are surprised to find Juggernaut with nowhere to go, as the island was destroyed by his further-mutated partner in crime, Black Tom Cassidy, who died.

When elections were held to the newly created Scottish Parliament in 1999, as leader of the Scottish Labour Party and through a coalition with the Liberal Democrats, Dewar became the inaugural holder of the First Minister of Scotland post.

Godfrey Goodman, Bishop of Gloucester, recalled: " When we had experience of a Scottish government, the Queen did seem to revive.

The name ' Rocabarraigh ' is also used in Scottish Gaelic folklore for a mythical rock which is supposed to appear three times, the last being at the end of the world: " Nuair a thig Rocabarra ris, is dual gun tèid an Saoghal a sgrios " ( When Rocabarra returns, the world will likely come to be destroyed ).

When it re-opened, the gallery concentrated on building its permanent collection of Scottish and European art for the nation.

When Eadred succeeded to the throne in 946, Northumbrian as well as Scottish loyalties had proved unstable, though nothing is known for certain of the ambitions of rival rulers at this stage.

When the two English ambassadors present at court, Thomas Magnus and Roger Radclyff, objected that she should not attack her lawful husband she responded in anger, telling them to " go home and not meddle with Scottish matters.

When Francis II and Marie Stuart received the treaty of Edinburgh, they refused to sign it, outraged by it, and challenged the legitimacy of the Scottish parliament decision.

When the British government eventually chose to centralise and regulate the system in 1872 the Scottish school system was initially placed under a " Scotch Education Department " with offices in London.

When in court, a solicitor will normally wear a suit and tie together with a Scottish bar gown ( a form of black robe ).

When she was twelve years old, she carried letters from her father to Scottish patriot Robert Baillie of Jerviswood, who was then in prison.

When the band performed this single on the BBC TV music show Top of the Pops, instead of a picture of Jackie Wilson, the American soul singer, the band performed in front of a photo of Jocky Wilson, the Scottish darts player.

When Scottish Courage ended its contract with Dee it claimed that John Smith's was now so famous it no longer needed a celebrity to endorse it, as Dee was replaced in 1998 by a cardboard cut-out known as the " No Nonsense Man ".

When the Scottish John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute, came to head the government in 1762, Wilkes started a radical weekly publication, The North Briton, to attack him, using an anti-Scots tone.

When Madeleine of France was married to James V of Scotland, Ronsard was attached as a page in the Scottish court, where he was encouraged in the idea of making French vernacular translations of classical authors.

When the arrogant response from James persuaded the Scots to accept William, John Graham, 1st Viscount of Dundee, led Scottish Highlanders in Jacobite uprisings in an attempt to return the throne to James.

When the Scottish castle comes under attack, the group take to the submarine and are transported magically by Willow to Oz in Tibet.

When Scotland consolidated under Kenneth MacAlpine ( crowned at Scone in 844 ), Galloway did not form part of the kingdom ; but in return for the services rendered to him at this crisis Kenneth gave his daughter in marriage to the Galloway chief, Olaf the White, and also conferred upon the men of Galloway the privilege of marching in the van of the Scottish armies, a right exercised and recognized for several centuries.

When the Scottish war ( 1639 – 1640 ) broke out he assisted King Charles I with a loan of £ 10, 000 and a troop of volunteer horse, consisting of 120 knights and gentlemen.

When the redoubts fell, the Russian cavalry moved to engage the second defensive line held by the Ottoman and the Scottish 93rd Highland Regiment in what came to be known as the ' Thin Red Line '.

Scottish Gaelic: When comparing one entity to another in the present or the future tense, the adjective is changed by adding an e to the end and i before the final consonant ( s ) if the final vowel is broad.

When John Barnwell, who had suffered serious injuries in a car crash in 1979, felt obliged to resign as manager in 1982, Wolves made an attempt to recruit Alex Ferguson, manager of the successful Scottish side Aberdeen, as Barnwell's successor.

When questioned, on Newsnight Scotland, by Gordon Brewer, as to the progress of these negotiations, he was unwilling / unable to answer questions relating to his brief, such as the size of the Scottish inshore fishing fleet, or the catch quotas relating to particular species.

When Charles surrendered to the Scottish army again in 1646, he was placed under the charge of General Lord Leven, who returned him to the English in 1647.

When the negotiations began, his quarrel with the king of France was temporarily in abeyance, and he had no intention of reviving it so long as there was hope that French money would come to pay the troops who, under Charles of Valois, the papal vicar of Tuscany, were so valuable in the crusade against the Colonna cardinals and their Sicilian allies.

When Alaric II was killed fighting Clovis I, king of the Franks, in the Battle of Vouillé ( 507 ), his kingdom fell into disarray.

When war broke out afresh with Thebes the king twice invaded Boeotia ( in 378 BC and 377 BC ), although he spent the next five years largely out of action due to an unspecified but apparently grave illness.

When prompted by a pair of inauspicious oracles, the king sacked the E-kur temple, supposedly protected by the god Enlil, head of the pantheon.

When Absalon retired from military service in 1184 at the age of fifty-seven, he resigned the command of fleets and armies to younger men, like Duke Valdemar, the later king Valdemar II.

When Freyja found her necklace missing, she came to ask king Odin.

When Ansgar asked if King Olof would permit him to establish the Christian religion in the kingdom during his second visit in 852, the king said to him:

:" When the day for the assembly which was held in the town of Birka drew near, in accordance with their national custom the king caused a proclamation to be made to the people by the voice of a herald, in order that they might be informed concerning the object of their mission.

When Macbeth kills the king and takes the throne, Banquo — the only one aware of this encounter with the witches — reserves judgment for God.

When a king is under immediate attack by one or two of the opponent's pieces, it is said to be in check.

When Casimir, the last Piast king of Poland, died in 1370, his nephew King Louis I of Hungary succeeded him to become king of Poland in personal union with Hungary.

When he received the crown, his hold on it was in danger, as even his neighbours did not recognise his title and instead called him " king of Kraków ".

When David has become old and bedridden, Adonijah, his eldest surviving son and natural heir, declares himself king and worthy to marry Abishag.

When Napoleon I ordered the invasion of Portugal in 1807 because it refused to join the Continental System, the Portuguese Braganças moved their capital to Rio de Janeiro to avoid the fate of the Spanish Bourbons ( Napoleon I arrested them and made his brother Joseph king ).

When the French king Charles VIII invaded northern Italy, Piero II chose to resist his army.

When the Domain of Biscay was incorporated into the kingdom of Castile it became customary for the king of Castile to visit Guernica and swear an oath under the Tree promising to uphold the fueros or local laws of Biscay.

When Henry II died in 1024, Conrad II, first of the Salian Dynasty, was then elected king in 1024 only after some debate among dukes and nobles, which would eventually develop into the collegiate of Electors.

When Frederick III needed the dukes to finance war against Hungary in 1486 and at the same time had his son, later Maximilian I elected king, he was presented with the dukes ' united demand to participate in an Imperial Court.

When Stephen's son and heir apparent Eustace died in 1153, the king reached an accommodation with Henry of Anjou ( who became Henry II ) to succeed Stephen and in which peace between them was guaranteed.

When the king himself died in 1509, the position of the Tudors was secure at last, and his son succeeded him unopposed.

When he died as king of the combined kingdom in 900, Domnall II ( Donald II ) was the first man to be called rí Alban ( i. e. King of Alba ).

When Orgetorix, one of their most prominent and ambitious noblemen, was making plans to establish himself as their king, he faced execution by burning if found guilty.

When word of his aspirations to make himself king reached the Helvetii, Orgetorix was summoned to stand trial, facing execution on the pyre should he be found guilty.

When king Kavadh I of Persia died ( September 531 ), Justinian concluded an " Eternal Peace " ( which cost him 11, 000 pounds of gold ) with his successor Khosrau I ( 532 ).