Whether a class action is superior to individual litigation depends on the case, and is determined by the judge's ruling on a motion for class certification.

Whether the player uses one general pivot direction or the other, and the degree to which the motion is performed, depends on the performer's anatomical features and stage of development.

Whether sound was captured on cylinder, disc, or film, none of the available technology was adequate to big-league commercial purposes, and for many years the heads of the major Hollywood film studios saw little benefit in producing sound motion pictures.

Whether Abu Bakr intended a full-out imperial conquest or not is hard to say ; he did, however, set in motion a historical trajectory that in just a few short decades would lead to one of the largest empires in history, beginning with a confrontation with the Sassanid Empire under the general Khalid ibn al-Walid.

Lincoln saw that the act of secession made the issue for the Union a vital one: Whether it was a Union of sovereign citizens that should continue to live, or an association of sovereign states that must fall prey either to `` anarchy or despotism ''.

Whether in prose or poetry, all of Heidenstam's later work was concerned with Sweden.

Whether the Fathers, who died before Christ was born of the Virgin Mary, were justified and saved only by the blood which he shed, and the death which he suffered after his incarnation??

Whether the only price of our redemption were not the death of Christ on the cross, with the rest of his sufferings and obediences, in the time of his life here, after he was born of the Virgin Mary??

Whether this, or overt action, was the cause of the crash must be promptly determined.

Whether or not Wally lost his job was no concern of mine.

Whether this was a reflection of his age or of the fact that Christie was by now heartily sick of him it is difficult to assess.

Whether this was during one of Poirot ’ s numerous retirements or before she entered his employment is unknown.

Whether this was a wise policy or not, it caused the Roman legionaries to look down on their emperor as one who was prepared to commit unsoldierly conduct.

Whether Bragi the god originally arose as a deified version of Bragi Boddason was much debated in the 19th century, especially by the German scholars Eugen Mogk and Sophus Bugge.

" Whether Johnson's description was entirely truthful or embellished is unclear, but it seems likely that Teach understood the value of appearances ; better to strike fear into the heart of one's enemies, than rely on bluster alone.

Whether this was an attempt to foster increasing unity by dissolving legal boundaries between communities, or to effect domination of the Turkish Cypriots by the majority Greek Cypriots, remains controversial.

Whether or not this incident is true, Adomnan's text specifically states that the monster was swimming in the River Ness-the river flowing from the loch-rather than in Loch Ness itself.

In May 2010, the Washington State Supreme Court provided an opinion after it was asked to certify a question referred by the United States District Court for the Eastern District of Washington: “ Whether a public library, consistent with Article I, § 5 of the Washington Constitution, may filter Internet access for all patrons without disabling Web sites containing constitutionally-protected speech upon the request of an adult library patron .” The Washington State Supreme Court ruled that NCRL ’ s internet filtering policy did not violate Article I, Section 5 of the Washington State Constitution.

Whether this was a genuine attempt to reconcile with hostile factions in the Senate cannot be ascertained.

Whether it was Sidney next challenged Oxford to a duel or the other way around, Oxford did not take it further, and the Queen personally took Sidney to task for not recognizing the difference between his status and Oxford's.

Whether the rumour of Oxford's death was related to the illness mentioned in his letters earlier in the year is unknown.

Whether this similarity was intentional or accidental, it may explain why the plainer fashion of placing the stars in three parallel rows was preferred by many Americans over the quincuncial style.

Whether and how far the council was confirmed by Pope John VIII is also a matter of dispute: The council was held in the presence of papal legates, who approved of the proceedings, Roman Catholic historian Fr.

Whether the dualism of the Paulicians, Bogomils, and Cathars and their belief that the world was created by a Satanic demiurge were due to influence from Manichaeism is impossible to determine.

Whether the general mammoth population died out for climatic reasons or due to overhunting by humans is controversial.

Whether the adoption of the classical Alexander for the future Alexander I of Scotland ( either for Pope Alexander II or for Alexander the Great ) and the biblical David for the future David I of Scotland represented a recognition that William of Normandy would not be easily removed, or was due to the repetition of Anglo-Saxon Royal name — another Edmund had preceded Edgar — is not known.

Whether it was because of the money he had ( most of which was from when he stole part of the ecclesiastic treasury ) or due to Greek influence that wanted to keep him in power for their own gains ( or perhaps a combination of them both ), it is clear that he must have had the support of an influential group to have stayed in power for as long as he did.

Whether the initial forcing mechanism is internal or external, the response of the climate system might be fast ( e. g., a sudden cooling due to airborne volcanic ash reflecting sunlight ), slow ( e. g. thermal expansion of warming ocean water ), or a combination ( e. g., sudden loss of albedo in the arctic ocean as sea ice melts, followed by more gradual thermal expansion of the water ).

Whether this happens because they sense that Princess Nell is a real person, or whether this is solely due to the machinations of Hackworth, is left unclear.

Whether this change was due entirely to the conquest is unclear, but the invasion and its after effects likely accelerated a process already underway.

Whether the sunrise or sunset is north or south of due east or west is clear from the diagram.

Whether the title of " Doctor " was given to him due a knowledge of medicine, or conferred upon him as a degree, is unknown.

Whether due to collisions with a spiral arm, or through the shock wave emitted from supernovae, the atoms are precipitated into heavier molecules and the result is a molecular cloud.

Whether or not this was due to continued fighting is unclear.

Whether isolated or used in combination with nonfigural ornamentation or figural representation, geometric patterns are popularly associated with Islamic art, largely due to their aniconic quality.

Whether this is due to her inherent limits, a bizarre affectation or a lack of educational opportunities on Terminus is not explained.

Whether due to the lively ball, Cobb ’ s teaching, or both, Heilmann ’ s batting average rose by 85 points in 1921.

Whether or not it is due to genetic unity, typologically the Australian languages form a language area or Sprachbund, sharing much of their vocabulary and sharing many distinctive phonological features across the entire continent.

Whether or not he is in fact insane is often debated, due to demonstrations in his fine tuned skills of acting and mimicry.

Whether and how much tax will be due will depend on circumstances and the state of the law at the time.

A presumed relation to the shelducks proposed by Lester Short in 1970 was generally considered highly unlikely due to that group's biogeography, but more recently, bones of a shelduck-like bird have been found on Kaua ‘ i. Whether this latter anatid was indeed a shelduck is presently undetermined.

Whether this is an issue outside of Finland, Sweden or Denmark, or whether this is due to the use of Persian stock by some breeders ( with the possible introduction of Polycystic Kidney Disease into the breed ), remains unclear at this time.

Whether this is due to discrimination is very hotly disputed, however economists and sociologists have provided evidence to that effect.

Whether this effect is due to the nature of erucic acid per se to make the blood platelets less sticky, or to the presence of a reasonably high percentage of α-linolenic acid, or to a combination of properties of fresh unrefined oil, is as yet uncertain.

Whether this is due to his body being composed of external armour over his truck-cab exoskeleton ( like the original toy and Dreamwave comic ) or simply because of animator error is open to fan-interpretation.

Whether it is due to the personality of the coach or the nature of the scheme, the Martz variant has historically had problems when teams shut down the run and make the team one dimensional.

Whether due to Brown, to Congressional action or to societal change, the percentage of black students attending school districts a majority of whose students were black decreased somewhat until the early 1980s, at which point that percentage began to increase.