While it was once thought that Locke wrote the Treatises to defend the Glorious Revolution of 1688, recent scholarship has shown that the work was composed well before this date, and it is now viewed as a more general argument against absolute monarchy ( particularly as espoused by Robert Filmer and Thomas Hobbes ) and for individual consent as the basis of political legitimacy.

While Hobbes argued for near-absolute authority, Locke argued for inviolate freedom under law in his Second Treatise of Government.

While the view of each thinker run throughout the text, Maimonides heavily influenced Spinoza's approach to religion, and the political philosophy of the final chapters of the text was heavily influenced by Hobbes.

While he justifies the murders by claiming they are a Masonic warning to an apparent Illuminati threat to the throne, the killings are, in Gull's mind, part of an elaborate mystical ritual to ensure male societal dominance over women ( see " Interpretations " below ).

While Elizabeth may understand that Will's motive is to rescue his father, she does not believe it justifies double-crossing the Pearl's crew.

While Fascism claimed that corporatism gave workers power alongside employer in workplaces in reality the concept of " Fuhrerprinzip " gave employers and State-appointed workplace managers absolute control over the workplace as dictated by the State-owned German Labor Front ; based on the Social Darwinist ideology that certain individuals are " gifted " and " born to rule ", employers thought to be part of that group.

While in theory King Louis XVI was an absolute monarch, in practice he was often indecisive and known to back down when faced with strong opposition.

While measurements of poverty and health by the early 2000s showed the Luo disadvantaged relative to other Kenyans, the growing presence of non-Luo in the professions reflected a dilution of Luo professionals due to the arrival of others rather than an absolute decline in the Luo numbers.

While having relinquished some of his formerly absolute power, the Prince of Monaco remains head of state and retains most of the country's governing power ; however, the principality's judicial and legislative bodies may operate independent of his control.

While this approach, requiring absolute purity, was rejected by other ancient Rabbis, for example ' he who is not for the name of God, will become for the name of God ', and a middle approach was adopted by Jews as standard.

While " absolute discretion " appears to leave some freedom for manoeuvre for a president in deciding whether to initiate contact with the opposition, " own counsel " has been interpreted by some lawyers as suggesting that no contact whatsoever can take place.

While quantum mechanics primarily applies to the atomic regimes of matter and energy, some systems exhibit quantum mechanical effects on a large scale-superfluidity, the frictionless flow of a liquid at temperatures near absolute zero, is one well-known example.

In arguing before the Supreme Court, Gitlow contended that " the statute as construed and applied by the trial court penalize the mere utterance, as such, of ' doctrine ' having no quality of incitement, without regard to the circumstances of its utterance or to the likelihood of the unlawful sequences " While acknowledging " liberty of expression ' is not absolute ,'" he maintained " it may be restrained ' only in instances where its exercise bears a causal relation with some substantive evil, consummated, attempted or likely '" As the statute took no account of the circumstances under which the offending literature was written, it violated the First Amendment.

While Prussia, Austria, and Russia, as absolute monarchies, tried to suppress liberalism wherever it might occur, the British came to terms with new ideas.

While both Rickover's military authority and congressional mandate with regard to the U. S. fleet's reactor operations was absolute, it was not infrequently a subject of Navy-internal controversy.

While there is no absolute consensus on the kings before Darius, such as Cyrus and Cambyses, it is well established that Darius was an adherent of Zoroastrianism or at least a firm believer in Ahura Mazda.

While the absolute numbers of malnourished children in India is high, the rates of malnutrition and poverty in India have declined from approximately 90 % at the time of India's independence, to less than 40 % today.

" While he declares the absolute authority of rulers, he emphasizes the fact that kings must use their power only for the public good and that the king is not above the law " for if he sins, he destroys the laws by his example.

While there is a widespread belief in the maraboutic system in Sengeal and a strong commitment to it, it is not necessarily accompanied by an absolute attachment to any one living marabout.

While other hardboiled heroes bend and manipulate the law, Hammer often views it as an impediment to justice, the one virtue he holds in absolute esteem.

While seldom used explicitly, the geometric view of the complex numbers is implicitly based on its structure of a Euclidean vector space of dimension 2, where the inner product of complex numbers and is given by ; then for a complex number its absolute value || coincides with its Euclidean norm, and its argument with the angle turning from 1 to.

While there are possible gains from trade with absolute advantage, comparative advantage extends the range of possible mutually beneficial exchanges.

While deontology places the emphasis on doing one's duty, which is established by some kind of moral imperative ( in other words, the emphasis is on obedience to some higher moral absolute ), consequentialism bases the morality of an action upon the consequences of the outcome.

While touchpads, like touchscreens, are able to sense absolute position, resolution is limited by their size.

** While long vowels are constrained to closed syllables in France, Belgian French also has them in absolute final position: < ée #>, < aie #>, < ue #>, < ie #>, < oue #> and < eue #>.

While the range may be decreased when using subsonic rounds, this may be acceptable for specialized situations, where the absolute minimum amount of noise is required.

While the nobility in Mexico City also did not like the absolute colonial system, their goal was limited representation and autonomy within the Spanish empire.

While the absolute number of such émigrés are not large, the economic implications of such very skilled workers are significant.

While tensions remain ( for example, with Muslim immigrants and in the Basque region ), modern Spain has seen the development of a robust, modern democracy as a constitutional monarchy with popular King Juan Carlos, one of the fastest-growing standards of living in Europe, entry into the European Community, and the 1992 Summer Olympics.

While some advocated a reformist transition to a constitutional monarchy, most revolutionaries advocated republicanism, hoping to overthrow the Emperor and replace him with a democratically elected President.

While he was prepared to become head of state he made it known that it would not necessarily be as monarch: " I will accept the responsibility of head of state if that is what the Loya Jirga demands of me, but I have no intention to restore the monarchy.

While Niccolò Machiavelli's Discourses on Livy is the period's key work on republics, he also wrote The Prince on how best to run a monarchy.

While in the 1940s Khomeini accepted the idea of a limited monarchy under the Iranian Constitution of 1906 – 1907 — as evidenced by his book Kashf al-Asrar – by the 1970s he rejected the idea.

While the document left the liberties of the Polish nobles untouched, it granted increased power to the boyars of Lithuania, whose grand dukes had till then been unencumbered by checks and balances of the sort attached to the Polish monarchy.

While this time upset citizens did not call for the queen's abdication because the true object of their wrath, Princess Beatrix, would then be queen, they did start to question the value of having a monarchy at all.

While the fleur-de-lis has appeared on countless European coats of arms and flags over the centuries, it is particularly associated with the French monarchy in a historical context, and continues to appear in the arms of the King of Spain and the Grand Duke of Luxembourg and members of the House of Bourbon.

While one could argue that Campanella was simply thinking of the conquest of the New World, it seems that this prophecy should be interpreted in the light of a work written shortly before The City of the Sun, The Monarchy in Spain, in which Campanella exposes his vision of a unified, peaceful world governed by a theocratic monarchy.

While drafting the new constitution, lawyer and liberal congressman Joaquín Satrústegui ( 1909 – 1992 ) insisted that the phrase the legitimate heir of the historic dynasty be included in the text to underscore that the monarchy was an historic institution predating the constitution or the prior regime.

While contemporary English includes references to an array of prominent or influential families as dynasties, in much of the world, dynasty has been associated with monarchy and defined patrilineally.

While the monarchy was embroiled in the dispute with the Church, it declined in power and broke apart.

While Burke supported aristocracy, monarchy, and the Established Church, liberals such as Charles James Fox supported the Revolution, and a programme of individual liberties, civic virtue and religious toleration, while radicals such as Priestley, William Godwin, Thomas Paine, and Mary Wollstonecraft, argued for a further programme of republicanism, agrarian socialism, and abolition of the " landed interest ".

While it maintained a sentimental and conservative respect for the symbolic institutions of the British monarchy, in practice Tory ministries allowed the King no more freedom than Whig ones.

While being a staunch supporter of the monarchy, Adams and his party also demanded more rights for the poor and for the people.

While the city of Esfahan was their seat of monarchy, Kashan was their place of vacation and leisure.

While the historical German free states and the Orange Free State were republican in form, the Congo and Irish Free States were governed under forms of monarchy.

While opposed to the Weimar Republic and never having renounced his rights to the throne, Rupprecht envisioned a Constitutional monarchy for Bavaria.

While serving as Prophet, Seer and Revelator of his church — which he claimed to be the sole legitimate continuation of the Church of Christ founded by Joseph Smith, Jr. in 1830 — Strang reigned for six years as the crowned " king " of an ecclesiastical monarchy that he established on Beaver Island in the US state of Michigan.

While the medieval Angevin Kingdom of Albania was a monarchy, it did not encompass the entirety of the modern state of Albania.

While Royal Assent and the royal sign-manual are required to enact laws, letters patent, and Orders in Council, the authority for these acts stems from the New Zealand populace, and, within the conventional stipulations of constitutional monarchy, the sovereign's direct participation in any of these areas of governance is limited, with most related powers entrusted for exercise by the elected parliamentarians, the ministers of the Crown generally drawn from amongst them, and the judges and Justices of the Peace.

While stationed in the town of Iguala, Iturbide proclaimed three principles, or " guarantees ," for Mexican independence from Spain ; Mexico would be an independent monarchy governed by a transplanted King Ferdinand, another Bourbon prince, or some other conservative European prince, criollos and peninsulares would henceforth enjoy equal rights and privileges, and the Roman Catholic Church would retain its privileges and position as the official religion of the land.

While some describe him as a conservative who tried to reassert Manchu grasp on power in times of rapid changes, others insist that the reforms he implemented during his regency might have turned China into a liberal constitutional monarchy if the 1911 Xinhai Revolution did not occur.