Some scholars believe that the apologetic view of Luke ’ s work is overemphasized and that it should not be regarded as a “ major aim of the Lucan writings .” While Munck believes that purpose of Luke ’ s work is not that clear-cut and sympathizes with other claims, he believes that Luke ’ s work can function as an apology only in the sense that it “ presents a defense of Christianity and Paul ” and may serve to “ clarify the position of Christianity within Jewry and within the Roman Empire .” Pervo disagrees that Luke ’ s work is an apology and even that it could possibly be addressed to Rome because he believes that “ Luke and Acts speak to insiders, believers in Jesus .” Freedman believes that Luke is writing an apology but that his goal is “ not to defend the Christian movement as such but to defend God ’ s ways in history .”

While some Anglicans claim it for their communion, their views are often nuanced and there is widespread reluctance to ' unchurch ' Christian bodies which lack it.

While not considered orthodox Christian, the Ecclesia Gnostica Catholica uses roles and titles derived from Christianity for its clerical hierarchy, including bishops who have much the same authority and responsibilities as in Roman Catholicism.

While John the Baptist's use of a deep river for his baptism suggests immersion, pictorial and archaeological evidence of Christian baptism from the 3rd century onward indicates that a normal form was to have the candidate stand in water while water was poured over the upper body.

While there have been many theological disputes over the nature of Jesus over the earliest centuries of Christian history, Christians generally believe that Jesus is God incarnate and " true God and true man " ( or both fully divine and fully human ).

While reliance on prayer is central to Christian Science, Christian Scientists are not officially required to refuse medicine.

While most of these testimonies represent ailments neither diagnosed nor treated by medical professionals, the Church does require three other people to vouch for any testimony published in its official organ, the Christian Science Journal.

While members of the Christian Science church claim their religion is based in, reconcilable with, and part of Christianity ( being based on the teachings of Jesus ), there are orthodox Christian theologians and others who disagree.

While operated from an evangelical Christian perspective, the entries also include links to material from a variety of viewpoints.

While the Roman Empire and its new Christian religion survived in an increasingly Hellenised form in the Byzantine Empire centered at Constantinople in the East, Western civilization suffered a collapse of literacy and organization following the fall of Rome in AD 476.

While preparing for an evening lecture on 21 April 1820, Hans Christian Ørsted made a surprising observation.

While some Celtic Christian practices were changed at the Synod of Whitby, the church in the British Isles was under papal authority from earliest times.

While most Protestants agree that baptism in the Holy Spirit is integral to being a Christian, others believe that it is not separable from conversion and no longer marked by glossolalia.

While in Hawaii he became a controversial figure for his vehement opposition to the activities of Christian missionaries seeking to convert the native population.

While the concept of heaven ( malkuth hashamaim מלכות השמים, the Kingdom of Heaven ) is well-defined within the Christian and Islamic religions, the Jewish concept of the afterlife, sometimes known as olam haba, the World-to-come, is not so precise.

While Christian Friedrich Ludwig Buschmann is often cited as the inventor of the harmonica in 1821, other inventors developed similar instruments at the same time.

While early scholars considered the Testimonium to be a total forgery, the majority of modern scholars consider it partially authentic, despite some clear Christian interpolations in the text.

While the Jewish Messiah is considered to be one of the things that precede creation, he is not considered to be divine nor is he considered to be Jesus, in sharp contrast to Christian belief.

While Shi ' a and Druze parties command fierce loyalty to their leaderships, there is more factional infighting among many of the Christian parties.

While on his journey to England, Mellitus received a letter from Gregory allowing Augustine to convert pagan temples to Christian churches, and to convert pagan animal sacrifices into Christian feasts, to ease the transition to Christianity.

While Arab Christian families continued to live in Nazareth, its status was reduced to that of a poor village.

While the Middle Ages did see secular politics in practice under the rule of the Holy Roman Empire, the academic field was wholly scholastic and therefore Christian in nature.

While students and intellectuals urged greater reforms, some party elders increasingly feared that the instability opened up by any significant reforms would threaten to undermine the authority of the Communist Party, which Li had spent his career attempting to strengthen.

Meeting annually, it would soon be a “ kind of international ‘ who ’ s who ’ of the classical liberal and neo-liberal intellectuals .” While the first conference in 1947 was almost half American, the Europeans concentration dominated by 1951.

While Hitler's speeches would attract the masses, Haushofer's works served to bring the remaining intellectuals into the fold.

While many Quebec intellectuals are inspired by French philosophy and high culture, Lévesque favoured the United States of America.

Thom Jurek writes that " While many intellectuals have made wild pronouncements about Marclay and his art – and it is art, make no mistake – writing all sorts of blather about how he strips the adult century bare by his cutting up of vinyl records and pasting them together with parts from other vinyl records, they never seem to mention that these sound collages of his are charming, very human, and quite often intentionally hilarious.

While generally considered to the right of most French and European intellectuals of his era, Aron believed in the need for a substantial welfare state.

" While the avant-garde are " the intellectuals, artists, and reformers in the isolated minority who speak out because they are convinced they are ahead of the times.

While posing for the painting, she invited Leonardo, who at the time was working as court artist for Sforza, to meetings at which Milanese intellectuals discussed philosophy and other subjects.

While in office, Rakovsky totally ignored Ukrainian issues, considering Ukraine and its language merely " an invention " of intellectuals.

While the group was largely composed of students, professors, intellectuals, etc., the techniques they choose to use ( such as détournement ) address the question of alternative media as an aesthetic practice.

While initially able to escape Germans, he was captured by them in October 1939 and held as hostage along with other Polish intellectuals, craftsmen, politicians and students.

While he is widely known throughout Africa and much of the developing world for the wide-ranging philanthropic programs that he established, he is at the same time viewed with hostility by many intellectuals for his right wing ideals and ties to Japan's motorboat racing industry and support for the Unification Movement.

While in the 19th century, intellectuals managed to construct art as a proper, closed domain in which only the in-crowd was allowed to judge, they have seen this autonomy become ever more threatened by 20th-century mass society.

" While it is tempting to characterize the trial of Wang Shiwei as an illustration of the fate awaiting free-thinking intellectuals in a repressive state, it is clear from the questions raised in the first session that the Wang Shiwei trial epitomizes the difficulty of voicing a minority opinion, especially when that opinion is pitted against a more powerful entity such as the state.

While Yiddish theatre was an immediate hit with the broad masses of Jews, was generally liked and admired by Jewish intellectuals and many Gentile intellectuals, a small but socially powerful portion of the Jewish community, centered among Orthodox and Hasidic Jews remained opposed to it.

While some of the French intellectuals who had been among his close comrades, such as Henri Barbusse, harshly criticized his continued opposition to Stalin, others continued to help him and soon won his release.

While Hitler's speeches would attract the masses, Haushofer's works served to bring the remaining intellectuals into the fold.

While Asian immigrants were arriving, some American intellectuals examined Buddhism, based primarily on information from British colonies in India and East Asia.

While Cruse was very critical of American society, he reserved the bulk of his criticism for black intellectuals and leaders who he believed did not have the academic appetite to master the various disciplines necessary to advocate for real and effective societal change.

While the play and the film adaptation were generally well received and hailed by white drama and film critics, African American intellectuals, cultural critics, and audiences were more critical of Connelly's claim to be presenting an authentic view of black religious thought.

While Arminius had been known about in Germany since the rediscovery of the writings of Tacitus in the 15th century, German Protestant intellectuals in the first half of the 18th century christened him " Hermann the German " and promoted his status from that of a local tribal leader with family ties to Rome to that of a hero of German resistance to " Roman " ( i. e. Papal ) authority ; the 19th century added another layer of meaning, namely Pan-German unity and resistance to Revolutionary and Napoleonic Romance-language France.

In a 2002 article on the paleoconservative trend in right wing politics, the SPLC stated: " While mainstream neo-conservatives are tight with the GOP, so-called paleocon intellectuals have carved a niche for themselves as staunch, old-right traditionalists who romanticize the pre-civil rights era South.

While in Heidelberg, Kantorowicz became involved with the so-called Georgekreis, a group of artists and intellectuals devoted to the German poet and aesthete Stefan George and who shared an interest in art, literature and Romantic mysticism.