While Maritimers are predominantly of west European heritage ( Scottish, Irish, English, and Acadian ), immigration to Industrial Cape Breton during the heyday of coal mining and steel manufacturing brought people from eastern Europe as well as from Newfoundland.

While the Scottish Enlightenment is traditionally considered to have concluded toward the end of the 18th century, disproportionately large Scottish contributions to British science and letters continued for another 50 years or more, thanks to such figures as the mathematicians and physicists James Clerk Maxwell, Lord Kelvin, and the engineers and inventors James Watt and William Murdoch, whose work was critical to the technological developments of the Industrial Revolution throughout Britain.

While the leadership of Jardines is Scottish, the firm is international in its dealings.

While many today would say that any misfortune surrounding a production is mere coincidence, actors and other theatre people often consider it bad luck to mention Macbeth by name while inside a theatre, and sometimes refer to it indirectly, for example as " the Scottish play ", or " MacBee ", or when referring to the character and not the play, " Mr. and Mrs. M ", or " The Scottish King ".

While First-past-the-post voting is commonly found in countries based on the British parliamentary system, and in Westminster elections in the United Kingdom, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh National Assembly use a form of PR known as the mixed member system, after New Zealand adopted it in 1993.

While there are scores of malt-whisky distilleries, there are currently only seven non-malt grain distilleries in Scotland, most located in the Scottish Lowlands.

While he admired and drew inspiration from the Romantic style of Scottish novelist Walter Scott, Balzac sought to depict human existence through the use of particulars.

While the tin whistle is very common in Irish music to the point that it could be called characteristic of the genre and fairly common in Scottish music, it is not a " required " instrument in either one.

While there, he met a young Scottish actress, Susan Couper Black, who used the stage name Helen Lenoir.

While Kuratowski associated with many of the scholars of the Lwów School of Mathematics, such as Stefan Banach and Stanislaw Ulam, and the circle of mathematicians based around the Scottish Café he kept close connections with Warsaw.

While working in architecture, Charles Rennie Mackintosh developed his own style: a contrast between strong right angles and floral-inspired decorative motifs with subtle curves, e. g. the Mackintosh Rose motif, along with some references to traditional Scottish architecture.

While playing for Feyenoord at St Mirren in September 1983 he was racially abused and spat on by Scottish supporters.

While the music of Les pêcheurs is atmospheric and deeply evocative of the opera's Eastern setting, in La jolie fille de Perth Bizet made no attempt to introduce Scottish colour or mood, though the scoring includes highly imaginative touches such as a separate band of woodwind and strings during the opera's Act III seduction scene.

While the Scottish Enlightenment is considered to have concluded toward the end of the 18th century, disproportionately large Scottish contributions to British science and letters continued for another fifty years or more, thanks to such figures as James Hutton, James Watt, William Murdoch, James Clerk Maxwell, Lord Kelvin and Sir Walter Scott.

While married to Ruskin, she modelled for Millais ' painting The Order of Release, in which she was depicted as the loyal wife of a Scottish rebel who has secured his release from prison.

While the Ordainers were at work drafting their reform document, Edward decided to address one of the main causes behind the discontent: the Scottish situation.

While Magruder, in the Scottish Law Review, writes that Coke's " fair fame was tarnished and outraged " by his part in the trial, Boyer notes that Coke was, above all, loyal.

While there have been many English and Scottish champions, Daly was the only winner from Ireland until the 2007 victory by Pádraig Harrington.

While the Church of Scotland traces its roots back to the earliest Christians in Scotland, its identity was principally shaped by the Scottish Reformation of 1560.

While contributing thirty horse to the Scottish expedition in 1638, and lending the king £ 10, 000 in 1639, he gave no support to the forced loan levied upon the city in the latter year.

While the seller of those shares was undisclosed, it occurred simultaneously with a sale by Scottish Widows of 2. 69 million shares.

While there, he founded the Valle Crucis Mission School, which has had several purposes throughout its history and currently serves as a conference and retreat center, hosting ( among other things ) the Jink and Diddle School of Scottish Fiddling.

While the Democratic platform followed the Peace wing of the party and called the war a " failure ", their candidate, General George B. McClellan, supported the war and repudiated the platform.

While president, he attempted to build a party of loyalists under the National Union label.

While the 7800 can actually play hundreds of titles due to its compatibility with the Atari 2600, there was limited third party support for the 7800 and fewer than 100 titles were specifically designed for it.

" While Disraeli did not argue that the Jews did the Christians a favour by killing Christ, as he had in Tancred and would in Lord George Bentinck, his speech was badly received by his own party, which along with the Anglican establishment was hostile to the bill.

While one-to-one bartering is practised between individuals and businesses on an informal basis, organized barter exchanges have developed to conduct third party bartering.

While not illegal, on 15 March the Treasurer of the party, Jack Dromey stated publicly that he had neither knowledge of or involvement in these loans and had only become aware when he read about it in the newspapers.

While the party advocates economic liberalism, it is committed to the social market economy.

While the budget consists of limited amount of donations and business operations owned by the party, its majority comes from the grant of national treasury, the same way that supports the other 8 subordinative registered parties, which making a bizarre exception among modern political parties.

While motions of censure are periodically proposed by the opposition following government actions that it deems highly inappropriate, they are purely rhetorical ; party discipline ensures that, throughout a parliamentary term, the government is never overthrown by the assembly.

While colloquially, a person may term a law suit to be frivolous if he or she personally finds a claim to be absurd, in legal usage " frivolous litigation " consists of a claim or defense that is presented where the party ( or the party's legal counsel ) had reason to know that the claim or defense was manifestly insufficient or futile.

While some of his decisions were influenced by party concerns, more of Cleveland's appointments were decided by merit alone than was the case in his predecessors ' administrations.

While the wasted vote effect is strongest when a party wins by narrow margins across multiple districts, gerrymandering narrow margins can be risky when voters are less predictable.

While at the university, he joined the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and soon became very active within the party.

While Natural Law Party leaders denied formal connection with the Transcendental Meditation movement, Bob Roth, a spokesman at the party's headquarters in Fairfield reportedly said, " It's no secret this is the TM party.

While the PDP Democratic faction controls the Democratic party chapter under the state chairmanship of former senator Roberto Prats, two of the five DNC members residing in Puerto Rico, Senate president Kenneth McClintock and Francisco Domenech are statehooders.

While it is simple to recognize a political medium in an official newspaper, magazine, TV channel that directly declares to belong to a group, deep concerns might regard submission of communications to political interests and impartiality of media that do not declare their party alliances.

While the Trento group around Curcio had its main roots in the Sociology Department of the Catholic University, the Reggio Emilia group ( around Franceschini ) included mostly former members of the F G C I ( the Communist youth movement ) expelled from the parent party for extremist views.

* While serving with friendly foreign forces engaged in an armed conflict against an opposing armed force in which the United States is not a belligerent party

While the ' grassroots ' are always the target of the political parties, no ' grassroot ' party has ever led the country.

While Roosevelt was popular with the public, most Republican politicians and party leaders supported Taft, and their support proved difficult to counter in states without primaries.

While Progressive Conservative Leader Joe Clark rebuffed the notion, the talks moved ahead and eventually in December 2003, the Canadian Alliance and the Progressive Conservative parties voted to rejoin into a new party called the Conservative Party of Canada.

While the Secretary General of the United Nations receives instruments of ratification and accession and the UN provides support for meetings of states party to the Convention, the UN has no direct operational role in the implementation of the Convention.

While the Know Nothing party was short-lived, Republicans would survive the intense politics leading up to the Civil War.

" While expressing its belief in the individual responsibility of citizens and corporations, the party maintains that government plays a " vital role " in establishing and maintaining the highest level of decency in America's community standards.

* August 4 – American Indian Wars: While protecting a railroad survey party in Montana, the Seventh Cavalry, under Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer, clashes for the first time with the Sioux, near the Tongue River ( only 1 man on each side is killed ).