Whilst still levied in Northern Ireland, they were generally abolished in Scotland in 1989 and England and Wales in 1990 and replaced with the Community Charge ( so called " poll tax "), a fixed tax per head that was the same for everyone.

Whilst maintaining its strengths in the traditional subjects ( for example more students studying languages and physical sciences than anywhere else in the UK ), Leeds has also developed expertise in more distinctive and rare specialist areas such as Colour Chemistry, Fire Science, Nanotechnology and Aviation Technology with Pilot studies.

# Whilst shooting think of nothing else, brace the whole of your body: have both hands on the stick: concentrate on your ring sight.

Whilst these are some of the " key " members of staff, there are many more volunteers helping to make the convention a success by doing such tasks as leading events, setting up the stage and art show, teardown and pretty much anything else that needs doing.

Whilst the original plan had been to teach original vocalist, Hamilton, the Czech lyrics it was thought to be easier to recruit someone else.

Whilst there he was one of a number of cadets interviewed for an edition of the BBC's Panorama programme.

Whilst the old Command HQ and most other buildings are now empty and being looked after under a care and maintenance programme, the Service Personnel and Veterans Agency ( formed by a merger of AFPAA and the Veterans Agency, in April 2007 ) including the MoD Medal Office and JCCC ( Tri-Service Joint Casualty and Compassionate Centre ) continues to operate from the site and in 2010 the base became home to the NATO Headquarters Allied Rapid Reaction Corps ( HQ ARRC ) which relocated to Innsworth from the Rheindahlen Military Complex in Germany.

Whilst the programme had changed, much of its original spirit still remained: there were still quizzes, the Birthday scroller still existed, and Dustin, Socky, Zuppy and Snotzer remained.

Whilst full of variety the programme had one further surprise for its viewers.

Whilst doing the programme from London she met her male colleague at the Hamburg end of the operation, Squadron Leader Arthur Clifford ( Cliff ) Michelmore.

Whilst Communities First is a bottom up approach to community regeneration, it is recognised across the programme that for projects and activities to be successful, communities need to engage with local service providers in order to work together to address the problems associated with poverty and disadvantage within communities.

Whilst none of the material in the websites is necessary to understand the broadcast episodes, they are examples of viral marketing, a means of promoting the programme as well as supplementary material for the entertainment of fans of the series.

Whilst Bible Numerics could originally not be disproved, more recent studies using a computer programme called Panin's Panic have questioned Bible Numerics, criticising the processes used in Panin's studies and suggesting that similar patterns can also be found in any non-Biblical text.

Whilst generally following the schedules of the UK-wide BBC One, BBC One Scotland offers programming specific to Scotland, such as hit soap opera River City and football programme Sportscene.

Whilst Anah has thus retained its name for forty-two centuries the site is variously described.

(" the truth-values of our mathematical assertions depend on facts involving platonic entities that reside in a realm outside of space-time ") Whilst our knowledge of concrete, physical objects is based on our ability to perceive them, and therefore to causally interact with them, there is no parallel account of how mathematicians come to have knowledge of abstract objects.

Whilst the uncertainty in the atomic mass computed by time-of-flight methods in atom probe is sufficiently small to allow for detection of individual isotopes within a material this uncertainty may still, in some cases, confound definitive identification of atomic species.

Whilst the magnification of both the field ion and atom probe microscopes is extremely high, the exact magnification is dependant upon conditions specific to the examined specimen, so unlike for conventional electron microscopes, there is often little direct control on magnification, and furthermore, obtained images may have strongly variable magnifications due to fluctuations in the shape of the electric field at the surface.

Whilst members of the Independent Catholic movement take seriously the issue of valid orders, it is highly significant that the relevant Vatican Congregations tend not to respond to petitions from Independent Catholic bishops and clergy who seek to be received into communion with the Holy See, hoping to continue in some sacramental role.

Whilst the population remains small, the impact of transfers will be greater, it is for that reason that the establishment of a " metapopulation management plan " occurs concurrently with conservation initiatives to enhance in-situ population growth and why this initiative is both urgent and fundamental to the future survival of mountain bongo in the wild.

Whilst distractions like background noise, poor lighting or an environment which is too hot or cold can all affect people's morale and concentration, which in turn interfere with effective communication.

Whilst the stories were shocking in their time, this affectionate portrayal of a forthright and self-assured French girl who blossoms into a charismatic adult is nowadays more likely to be regarded as chastely sensual.

Whilst Laura Mulvey's paper has a particular place in the feminist film theory, it is also important to note that her ideas regarding ways of watching the cinema ( from the voyeuristic element to the feelings of identification ) have been very important in terms of defining spectatorship from the psychoanalytical view point.

Whilst a few social scientists who draw inspiration from ' organic ' views of society have embraced Gaia philosophy as a way to explain the human-nature interconnections, most professional social scientists are more involved in reflecting upon the way Gaia philosophy is used and engaged with within sub-sections of society.

Whilst the terms are often used interchangeably, branding is more strictly related to the identifying mark or trade name for a product or service, whereas corporate identity can have a broader meaning relating to the structure and ethos of a company, as well as to the company's external image.

Whilst GATT was a set of rules agreed upon by nations, the WTO is an institutional body.

Whilst human geography is interdisciplinary, there are a number of journals with a human geography focus.

Whilst depictions of the deity vary, he is always shown with either horns or antlers upon his head, often depicted as being theriocephalic, in this way emphasizing " the union of the divine and the animal ", the latter of which includes humanity.

Whilst the Horned God is the most common depiction of masculine divinity in Wicca, he is not the only representation.

Whilst municipal law is hierarchical or vertical in its structure ( meaning that a legislature enacts binding legislation ), international law is horizontal in nature.

Whilst agreeing with ( 2 ) Searle argues that ( 1 ) is false and points out that ( 3 ) does not follow from ( 1 ) and ( 2 ).

* Whilst Alberti's treatises on painting and architecture have been hailed as the founding texts of a new form of art, breaking from the gothic past, it is impossible to know the extent of their practical impact within his lifetime.

Whilst this theory is today widely disputed and discredited by historians like Norman Cohn, Keith Thomas and Ronald Hutton, it has had a significant effect in the origins of Neopagan religions, primarily Wicca, a faith she supported.

Whilst the jurisprudential importance of the distinction between justification and excuse defenses is clear, legally they have the same effect, acquittal, and there is an ongoing debate about whether the distinction makes any practical difference.

Whilst tackling the practical aspects of a meeting they remain aware of undercurrents, both verbal and non-verbal, which may indicate problems the group is having.

Whilst H. 261 was preceded in 1984 by H. 120 ( which also underwent a revision in 1988 of some historic importance ) as a digital video coding standard, H. 261 was the first truly practical digital video coding standard ( in terms of product support in significant quantities ).

Whilst the ECA did not directly address unions, the practical effect of removing the requirement for employees to be members, and allowing those employees who did want union membership to choose which union they wished to join dramatically reduced the bargaining position of the unions in the New Zealand economy.

Whilst there are genuine instances where spectacle aids are a preferred choice, they may not always be the most practical option.

Whilst the intellectual robustness of Shell's long term scenarios was seldom in doubt their actual practical use was seen as being minimal by many senior Shell executives.

Whilst this has little practical difference, it was a huge symbolic shift as for the first time in centuries the head of government in Wales is appointed by the Crown on the advice of the elected representatives of the Welsh people.

Whilst trainees reside at the academy, they learn about Spanish law, receive firearms and self-defense training, conduct practical application exercises, learn the basics of the English language and undergo training in crime investigation.

Whilst releasing a large number of extremely strong titles is of course preferred, this may not be practical.