Whilst Raymond and the other leaders often quarrelled with each other over the leadership of the crusade, Adhemar was always recognized as the spiritual leader of the crusade.

Whilst it may not have been as popular as the Spectrum, Commodore 64 or Amstrad CPC, it did sell in sufficient numbers to ensure that new software was being produced right up until the early 1990s.

Whilst at Monmouth he was later, for a shorter period, also the Archbishop of Wales.

Whilst in Baghdad, ` Abdu ' l-Bahá composed a commentary at the request of his father on the Muslim tradition of " I was a Hidden Treasure " for a Súfí leader named ` Alí Shawkat Páshá.

Whilst these events around Blenheim and Lutzingen were taking place, Marlborough was preparing to cross the Nebel.

Whilst awaiting trial, Kidd was confined in the infamous Newgate Prison and wrote several letters to King William requesting clemency.

Whilst his early work was rooted in traditional late-19th century romantic Italian opera, he successfully developed his work in the ' realistic ' verismo style, of which he became one of the leading exponents.

Whilst GATT was a set of rules agreed upon by nations, the WTO is an institutional body.

Whilst the general public was not aware of nature observation ( formally conducted as field research ) during the 1930s, practitioners of the hobby went on to become the pioneers of the conservation movement that flourished in the UK from 1965 onwards ; a movement that eventually became a global political movement within a generation's timespan.

Whilst this was primarily an English event, the so-called " Glorious Revolution " had a great impact on Scottish history.

Whilst members of the dynasty reigned over monarchies, and, eventually, the whole of the Holy Roman Empire, the Hohenstaufen coat of arms was used as a breast shield on the empire ’ s coat of arms.

Whilst Holt stated that his friendship with Johnson was reflected in the strong relationship between Australia and the US, former Australian diplomat and foreign affairs expert Alan Renouf was more cynical in his assessment of the situation.

Whilst Humayun succeeded in protecting Agra from Sher Shah, the second city of the Empire, Gaur the capital of the vilayat of Bengal, was sacked.

Whilst he was thus deeply engaged at a tavern, he was called on by a grenadier, who desired his immediate attendance on his colonel ; but no entreaties could prevail on the disciple of Aesculapius to postpone his sacrifice to Bacchus.

Whilst editor of the paper, Marx and the other revolutionary socialists were regularly harassed by the police, and Marx was brought to trial on several occasions, facing various allegations including insulting the Chief Public Prosecutor, committing a press misdemeanor, and inciting armed rebellion through tax boycotting, although each time he was acquitted.

Whilst at Cambridge, he was treasurer of the Cambridge University Socialist Society and canvassed for the Labour candidate for Cambridge in the 1931 election.

Whilst his work was far less political than key figures in Berlin Dada, such as George Grosz and John Heartfield, he would remain close friends with various members, including Hannah Hoch and Raoul Hausmann for the rest of his career.

Whilst there, he staged regular Merz recitals, including a performance of Silence, his first poem in English, but was apparently seen as a somewhat pathetic irrelevant figure by other artists at the camp.

Whilst this was dubious in terms of batting technique, it seemed the best way to cope with the barrage, and Bradman averaged 56. 57 in the series ( an excellent average for most, but well short of his career average of 99. 94 ), while being struck above the waist by the ball only once.

Whilst the Old Trafford pitch was not as suited to bodyline as the hard Australian wickets, Martindale did take 5 for 73, but Constantine only took 1 for 55.

Whilst the Soviet ambassador in Washington suspected that the Marshall Plan could lead to the creation of an anti-Soviet bloc, Stalin was open to the offer.

Whilst the amounts involved have not been publicly disclosed, it is believed that neither Daimler nor Sony recouped all of their original investments ( what Daimler managed to get was reportedly well short ).

Whilst at Barnwood House he wrote Design for a Brain and Introduction to Cybernetics, and constructed a black box with magnets which he called the Homeostat, " the closest thing to a synthetic brain so far designed by man ".

Whilst it does recognise the validity of the orders of certain groups which separated from communion with Holy See.

Whilst members of the Independent Catholic movement take seriously the issue of valid orders, it is highly significant that the relevant Vatican Congregations tend not to respond to petitions from Independent Catholic bishops and clergy who seek to be received into communion with the Holy See, hoping to continue in some sacramental role.

Whilst Laura Mulvey's paper has a particular place in the feminist film theory, it is also important to note that her ideas regarding ways of watching the cinema ( from the voyeuristic element to the feelings of identification ) have been very important in terms of defining spectatorship from the psychoanalytical view point.

Whilst being part of the European Union, the British overseas territory of Gibraltar has a separate legal jurisdiction from the United Kingdom and enjoys a different tax system.

Whilst a few social scientists who draw inspiration from ' organic ' views of society have embraced Gaia philosophy as a way to explain the human-nature interconnections, most professional social scientists are more involved in reflecting upon the way Gaia philosophy is used and engaged with within sub-sections of society.

Whilst agreeing with ( 2 ) Searle argues that ( 1 ) is false and points out that ( 3 ) does not follow from ( 1 ) and ( 2 ).

Whilst in Vienna, working to aid refugees from Nazi Germany, Philby met and fell in love with Litzi Friedmann ( born Alice Kohlmann ), a young Austrian Communist of Hungarian Jewish origins.

Whilst on a short trip back from Spain, Philby tried to recruit Flora Solomon, daughter of a Russian banker and gold dealer, a relative of the Rothschilds and wife of a London stockbroker, as a Soviet agent.

Whilst Schwitters still created work in an expressionist style into 1919 ( and would continue to paint realist pictures up to his death in 1948 ), the first abstract collages, influenced in particular by recent works by Hans Arp, would appear in late 1918, which Schwitters dubbed Merz after a fragment of found text from the sentence Commerz Und Privatbank in his picture Das Merzbild, Winter 1918 – 19.

* Whilst Alberti's treatises on painting and architecture have been hailed as the founding texts of a new form of art, breaking from the gothic past, it is impossible to know the extent of their practical impact within his lifetime.

Whilst neither intended to move out, both felt it preferable to rent the space from new owners rather than continue to be the owners themselves ( and so be responsible for the buildings ' upkeep and maintenance ).

Whilst meantime, in Nazi-occupied Poland, the Council of National Unity was set up ; this body functioned from 1944 to 1945 as the parliament of the Polish Underground State.

Whilst nudity and the practice of witchcraft have long been associated in the visual arts, this contemporary ritual nudity is typically attributed to either the influence of Gerald Gardner or to a passage from Aradia, or the Gospel of the Witches, and as such is mainly attributed to the Gardnerian and Aradian covens.

Whilst greed is a recurring theme in the novel, with many of the episodes stemming from one or more of the characters ' simple desire for food ( be it trolls eating dwarves or dwarves eating Wood-elf fare ) or a desire for beautiful objects, such as gold and jewels, it is only by the Arkenstone's influence upon Thorin that greed, and its attendant vices " coveting " and " malignancy ", come fully to the fore in the story and provide the moral crux of the tale.

Whilst this story might be quoted as part of a justification for moving from act to rule utilitarianism McCloskey anticipates this and points out that each rule has to be judged on its utility and it is not at all obvious that a rule with exceptions has less utility.

Whilst hierarchy is quickly established between individuals from a single group, this is not the case with organisms from different groups ; these are substantially more aggressive and very rarely climb one another or form aggregates.

Whilst on this campaign Manuel received a letter from Louis VII of France announcing his intention of leading an army to the relief of the crusader states.

Whilst Edward mobilised his own faction and placed Leeds castle under siege, Isabella was given the Great Seal and assumed control of the royal Chancery from the Tower of London.

Whilst attending a congress of neurologists in Amsterdam in 1907, Jones met Carl Jung from whom he received a first-hand account of the work of Freud and his circle in Vienna.

Whilst widely criticised at the time, over the longer term the decision can be seen as a logical culmination of the withdrawal from Britain's colonial-era political and military commitments in Asia, the Middle East, Africa and elsewhere that had been underway under British governments of both parties since the Second World War – and of the parallel switch of Britain's emphasis to its European identity.

Whilst this is difficult to detect by touch, this may not be necessary in order to distinguish it from other coins, given its size.