The first component of the term comes from " cybernetics ", which is derived from the Greek κυβερνήτης ( kybernētēs, steersman, governor, pilot, or rudder ), a word introduced by Norbert Wiener for his pioneering work in electronic communication and control science.

In 2001 he was awarded a British Computer Society's Lovelace Medal, and in 2005 he was made a Fellow of the Computer History Museum and honored with the Norbert Wiener Award, which is given annually by Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility.

There is also an annual dachshund run in Kennywood, located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, called the Wiener 100, and in Huntington, West Virginia called the Dachshund Dash.

Among the most popular and most common are the Bratwurst ( fry-sausage ), usually made of ground pork and spices, the Wiener ( Viennese ), which may be pork or pork / beef and is smoked and fully cooked in a water bath, and Blutwurst ( blood sausage ) or Schwarzwurst ( black sausage ) made from blood ( often of pigs or geese ).

For instance, if we impose some requirements on a distribution f, we can attempt to translate these requirements in terms of the Fourier transform of f. The Paley – Wiener theorem is an example of this.

The Paley – Wiener theorem immediately implies that if f is a nonzero distribution of compact support ( these include functions of compact support ), then its Fourier transform is never compactly supported.

In modern mechanised societies, there is less need for sheer massive manpower ; Norbert Wiener wrote that " mechanical labor has most of the economic properties of slave labor, though ... it does not involve the direct demoralizing effects of human cruelty.

Although he is buried in the Castle Chapel at Wiener Neustadt, a cenotaph tomb for Maximilian is located in the Hofkirche, Innsbruck.

The term Fourier transform spectroscopy reflects the fact that in all these techniques, a Fourier transform is required to turn the raw data into the actual spectrum, and in many of the cases in optics involving interferometers, is based on the Wiener – Khinchin theorem.

Such a condition only holds, for example, if the stochastic process is a Wiener process ( in which case the marginals are all gaussian distributions of the exponential class ) but not in general for all stochastic processes.

The way Wiener's beliefs concerning nuclear weapons and the Cold War contrasted with that of John von Neumann is the major theme of the book John Von Neumann and Norbert Wiener Heims ( 1980 ).

* The Norbert Wiener Prize in Applied Mathematics was endowed in 1967 in honor of Norbert Wiener by MIT's mathematics department and is provided jointly by the American Mathematical Society and Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.

* The crater Wiener on the far side of the Moon is named after him.

* The Norbert Wiener Center for Harmonic Analysis and Applications, at the University of Maryland, College Park, is named in his honor.

Wiener is regarded as the originator of cybernetics, a formalization of the notion of feedback, with many implications for engineering, systems control, computer science, biology, philosophy, and the organization of society.

In the mathematical field of probability, the " Wiener sausage " is a neighborhood of the trace of a Brownian motion up to a time t, given by taking all points within a fixed distance of Brownian motion.

For signal processing, the Wiener filter is a filter proposed by Wiener during the 1940s and published in 1949.

As now formulated, the theorem of Wiener does not have any obvious association with Tauberian theorems, which deal with infinite series ; the translation from results formulated for integrals, or using the language of functional analysis and Banach algebras, is however a relatively routine process.

The Wiener – Khinchin theorem, ( or Wiener – Khintchine theorem or Khinchin – Kolmogorov theorem ), states that the power spectral density of a wide-sense-stationary random process is the Fourier transform of the corresponding autocorrelation function.

Norbert Wiener was regarded as a semi-legendary figure at MIT

Wiener regarded the automatic serial identification of a black box and its subsequent reproduction as sufficient to meet the condition of self-organization.

* Norbert Wiener ( 1894 – 1964 ) co-developed the Wiener – Kolmogorov filter and coined the term cybernetics in the 1940s.

" For his part, mathematician Norbert Wiener cited Gibbs as a major influence on his conception of cybernetics and explained in his book The Human Use of Human Beings that it was " devoted to the impact of the Gibbsian point of view on modern life, both through the substantive changes it has made to working science, and through the changes it has made indirectly in our attitude to life in general.

Wiener later helped develop the theories of cybernetics, robotics, computer control, and automation.

Together with Warren McCulloch, Norbert Wiener, John von Neumann, Lawrence J. Fogel, and others, Heinz von Foerster was an architect of cybernetics.

Despite being widely influential within cybernetics, systems theory and, more recently, complex systems, Ashby is not as well known as many of the notable scientists his work influenced, including Herbert A. Simon, Norbert Wiener, Ludwig von Bertalanffy, Stafford Beer, and Stuart Kauffman.

* Norbert Wiener gives another defense of teleology in 1943 " Behavior, intention and teleology " and is one of the creators of cybernetics.

Waddington reflected that this early education prepared him for Alfred North Whitehead's philosophy in the 1920s and 30s and the cybernetics of Norbert Wiener and others in the 1940s.

He was advised by Norbert Wiener, the founder of cybernetics, and Henry P. McKean, Jr. As a student, he also worked with Warren McCulloch, the co-inventor of the artificial neural network and finite-state machine.

The concept of computer ethics richa originated in 1950 when Norbert Wiener, an MIT professor and inventor of an information feedback system called " cybernetics ", published a book called " The Human Use of Human Beings " which laid out the basic foundations of computer ethics and made Norbert Wiener the father of computer ethics.

His major work, Psychologie consonantiste, first published in 1938 and 1939, in Paris, had established many of the major themes of cybernetics regarding cybernetics and systems thinking ten years before the work of Norbert Wiener was published in 1948.

Teleogenesis refers from an extension of classical cybernetics, as proposed by Norbert Wiener, Ashby and others in late 1950s.

The word cybernetics historically refers to what Norbert Wiener introduced in his book Cybernetics, or Control and Communication in the Animal and Machine ( 1948 ).

The notion of a Banach space itself was discovered independently by both Wiener and Stefan Banach at around the same time.

The need for a perennial Milchkuh ( cash cow ) to provide a steady cash flow is often cited as symptomatic of the Wiener Werkstätte's economic naiveté, but in fact, the notion of an enlightened patron was central to the Werkstätte's operating philosophy.

One notion of derivative in this setting is the H-derivative of a function on an abstract Wiener space.

Wiener mentions some of his secondary concerns: sensory feedback in artificial limbs, the problems of human responsibility in relation with technology, the limits of machine game-playing, Darwinism, Marxism, the Cold War, the rigidity of ideological thinking, and a critique of economy as a science.

The basic principles of PCT were first published by Powers, Clark, and MacFarland as a " general feedback theory of behavior " in 1960, with credits to cybernetic authors Wiener and Ashby, and has been systematically developed since then in the research community that has gathered around it.

" In 1948 Norbert Wiener, the author of Cybernetics: Or the Control and Communication in the Animal and the Machine, said: " refrontal lobotomy ... has recently been having a certain vogue, probably not unconnected with the fact that it makes the custodial care of many patients easier.

The Wiener Werkstätte, founded in 1903 by Josef Hoffmann and Koloman Moser, had an independent role in the development of Modernism, with its Wiener Werkstätte Style.

He also introduced Schiele to the Wiener Werkstätte, the arts and crafts workshop connected with the Secession.

In 1916, with America's entry into the war drawing closer, Wiener attended a training camp for potential military officers, but failed to earn a commission.

Soon after the group was formed, Wiener suddenly ended all contact with its members, mystifying his colleagues.

After the war, Wiener became increasingly concerned with what he believed was political interference with scientific research, and the militarization of science.

The next day, Martins meets with Lime and they ride Vienna's Ferris wheel, the Wiener Riesenrad.

He knew well and was in conversation with John von Neumann, Norbert Wiener, Humberto Maturana, Francisco Varela, Gordon Pask, Gregory Bateson, Lawrence J. Fogel and Margaret Mead, among many others.

Some signal processing researchers negate the random walk hypothesis that stock market prices resemble Wiener processes, because the statistical moments of such processes and real stock data vary significantly with respect window size and similarity measure.

The Czech Philharmonic was nominated for Grammy Awards in 2005, and also two Wiener Flötenuhr awards, with Pavel Štěpán, Zdeněk Mácal and Václav Neumann ( 1971 and 1982 ).

An alternative characterization of the Wiener process is the so-called Lévy characterization that says that the Wiener process is an almost surely continuous martingale with W < sub > 0 </ sub > = 0 and quadratic variation = t ( which means that W < sub > t </ sub >< sup > 2 </ sup > − t is also a martingale ).

The Wiener process can be constructed as the scaling limit of a random walk, or other discrete-time stochastic processes with stationary independent increments.

The Wiener measure is the probability law on the space of continuous functions g, with g ( 0 ) = 0, induced by the Wiener process.

There are versions of this story involving both Norbert Wiener and Edmund Landau, who, it is claimed, " so doubted the existence of Littlewood that he made a special trip to Great Britain to see the man with his own eyes ".< ref >