** William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester ( d. 1404 )

* September 27 – William of Wykeham, English bishop and statesman ( b. 1320 )

However, William of Wykeham ( 1320 – 1404 ) played an important role in the city's restoration.

The day-to-day affairs of the state had less appeal to Edward than military campaigning, so during the 1360s Edward increasingly relied on the help of his subordinates, in particular William Wykeham.

Winchester College was founded in 1382 by William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor to both Edward III and Richard II, and the first 70 poor scholars entered the school in 1394.

John impeached William of Wykeham and other leaders of the reform movement, and secured their conviction on old or trumped-up charges.

In 1379, Hart Hall and Black Hall were rented by William of Wykeham as a temporary home for his scholars as his New College, to the east along what became New College Lane, was being built.

The second college in Oxford to be dedicated to the Blessed Virgin Mary, it was founded by William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester as " The College of St Mary of Winchester in Oxford ".

William of Wykeham ordained that there were to be ten chaplains, three clerks and 16 choristers on the foundation of the college.

When William of Wykeham founded the College, he formally agreed to maintain the City Wall when he acquired the land on which to build the College.

As part of the original College statutes, William of Wykeham provided for a choral foundation of lay and academical clerks, with boy choristers to sing mass and the daily offices.

The College's motto, created by William of Wykeham, is " Manners Makyth Man ".

Henry had belatedly learned of William of Wykeham's 1379 twin foundation of New College, Oxford and Winchester College, and wanted his own achievements to surpass those of Wykeham.

In 1373 he declared in convocation that he would not contribute to a subsidy until the evils from which the church suffered were removed ; in 1375 he incurred the displeasure of the king by publishing a papal bull against the Florentines ; and in 1377 his decided action during the quarrel between John of Gaunt and William of Wykeham ended in a temporary triumph for the bishop.

It was the birthplace of William of Wykeham, founder of Winchester College and New College, Oxford.

William of Wykeham ( 1320 or 1324 – 27 September 1404 ) was Bishop of Winchester, Chancellor of England, founder of Winchester College, New College, Oxford, New College School, Oxford, and builder of a large part of Windsor Castle.

* Lowth, Robert Life of William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester.

* Moberly, G. H. Life of William Wykeham.

* Walcott, Mackenzie Edward Charles William of Wykeham and his Colleges.

* Augusta Theodosia Drane, The Three Chancellors, or Sketches of the Lives of William of Wykeham, William of Waynflete and Sir Thomas More.

* Virginia Davis, William Wykeham: a life.

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